从文化遗产到地标产品:非遗地标化之理论可行性、条件和路径

非遗是一种文化遗产,地标是一种知识产权,两者联结点在于“非遗地标产品”。地标的“群体性和地域性”“传统性”“无期限性”“强保护性”“公权性”特征为非遗的地标保护提供了诸多优势条件,因此非遗地标转化具有较强的理论可行性,但须经过“非遗产品化”和“非遗产品地标化”双重条件筛选。能够地标化的非遗产品仅限种植养殖或加工生产的有形商品,不包括服务。“非遗产品地标化”条件包括:作为地标的非遗产品不能仅为人文因素的体现、需确定产地范围和名称、产品需具体明确、产品需满足特定品质要求、申请主体需满足相应条件五个方面。非遗地标保护的“双模式”形成“地标产品”“农产品地标产品”“地标集体商标”“地标证明商标”四种地标化路径。在非遗地标化路径选择上,要综合考虑非遗产品的自然和人文因素依赖性、非遗传承地域分布情况、非遗产品品质特色和在先权利情况、非遗地标产品保护与推广计划四方面要素,进行个案设计。

唐代荆州诗歌中的“地标性”书写及“地标化”过程——以“渚宫”景观为例

唐代诗歌中的城市书写蕴含着丰富的地域文化元素。其中,荆州诗歌尤为突出,"渚宫"这一景观入诗达40余次。"渚宫"入诗的过程,其含义从唐渚宫、楚别宫逐渐过度为荆州(江陵)的代名词,是由"地标性"建筑逐渐"地标化"的过程;另一方面,实指向虚指的转变则是地理符号向文化符号转变的过程,也是楚荆州这一城市文化记忆被发现、被传播的过程。

Research on Geographical Indications and Cultural Heritage of Famous Tea in Hubei

In the study, analysis was made on present situation and development measures of geographical indications and cultural heritage protection of famous teas in Hubei Province. In addition, 8 related suggestions were proposed as well.

Eco-Environment Status of the Bohai Bay and the Impact of Coastal Exploitation

With the rapid economic development in the surrounding coastal zone, more and more wastewater has been discharged into the Bohai Bay. And with the scale of coastal exploitation being expanded year by year, the eco-environment of the Bohai Bay has been confronted with great pressure. In this paper, the main problems in the eco-environment of the Bohai Bay were summarized firstly. Red tides occurred more frequently and more seriously; salinity rose in inshore area, the fishery resources degenerated; all the above indicate that the eco-environment of the Bohai Bay is under a severe situation Next, to make a concrete study of the existing status of the Bohai Bay, the eco-environment index system was set up. Then the principal components analytic method and grey relation method were adopted to carry on a comprehensive analysis on the status. The results show that serious pollution of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate, and poor species diversity are the main presentations of the bad quality of the inshore aquatic eco-environment of the Bohai Bay, which is mainly induced by the massive discharge of pollutant from land and the overexploitation in the surrounding coastal zone. At last, the variations of hydrodynamic characteristics and the pollutant transport caused by coastal exploitations such as reclamation and seawater desalination are analyzed. The results show that reclamation in coastal water not only decreases the tidal prism and weakens the tidal current action, but also influences the pollution distribution in the coastal water. The seawater desalination project would cause tremendous influence to the aquatic eco-environment of the Bohai Bay as the pollutant＇s pulse impact. Much more attention would be paid to the reasonable use of the coastal zone resources and the control of pollution from land-based sources.

Establishment of Monitoring and Assessment Index System of Land Degradation of Farmland Ecosystems at Small-scale

The research established land degradation monitoring and assessment in- dex system of farmland ecosystem under influence of human activities, including farming system, measures, mulch residuals, fertilizer pollutions, pesticide pollution, irrigation method, salt content of soils, engineering measures of discharging alkali, agricultural protection forests and poverty. The indices of the system are accessible, and convenient for operation, which is suitable for land managers self-monitoring, re- ducing irrational farming activities, improving farmland productivity and preventing farmland degradation.

A Vector-based Method for the Extraction of Catchment from Grid DEMs

The methodology of catchment extraction especially from regular grid digital elevation models (DEMs) is briefly reviewed. Then an efficient algorithm, which combines vector process and traditional neighbourhood raster process, is designed for extracting the catchments and subcatchments from depressionless DEMs. The catchment area of each river in the grid DEM data is identified and delineated, then is divided into subcatchments as required. Compared to traditional processes, this method for identifying catchments focuses on the boundaries instead of the area inside the catchments and avoids the boundary intersection phenomena. Last, the algorithm is tested with a set of DEMs of different sizes, and the result proves that the computation efficiency and accuracy are better than existent methods.

Stable response of axisymmetric two-phase water-saturated soil

Biot's dynamic consolidation equations and Hankel transform were used to derive the integral solutions of stress and displacement for axisymmetric harmonic excitations in the two-phase saturated soil with subjacent rock-stratum. The influence of the coefficient of permeability and loading frequency on the soil displacement at the ground surface were studied. The results showed that higher loading frequency led to more dynamic characteristics; and that the effect of the soil permeability was more obvious at higher frequencies.

Analyses on cancer incidence and mortality in Huai’an area,China,from 2009 to 2011

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the cancer incidence and mortality in Huai＇an area, China, from 2009 to 2011. Methods： The data about cancer incidence and mortality were provided by Huai＇an Cancer Registry, China. Incidence and mortality rates, and standardized rates were calculated by age, gender, areas （urban and rural areas of Huai＇an） and cancer sites. Results： The crude incidence rate for all cancer sites was 205.60/105 and the standardized incidence rate was 166.22/10. Both the crude and standardized rates were higher in urban area than in rural area for both sexes. The inci- dence rates increased in people aged 40 and over, and the peak ages of incidence were between 70-75 in both males and females. The crude mortality rate for all cancer sites was 153.88/105 and the standardized mortality rate was 122.14/105. Both the crude and standardized rates were similar in urban and rural areas for both men and women. The mortality rates were at low level under the age 50 in both sexes, but increased after the age 50, reaching the peak at the ages of 80-85 in both males and females. The top 10 most common cancer sites in rank were esophagus, stomach, lung, liver, colon-rectum, breast, pancreas, cervix uteri, brain and central nervous system, and leukemia, accounting for 87.56% of all cancers. The top 10 most leading causes of cancer death in order were cancers of esophagus, lung, liver, stomach, colon-rectum, pancreas, brain and central nervous system, leukemia, breast and lymphoma, accounting for 90.53% of all cancer deaths. Conclusion： Cancer is one kind of major diseases threatening people＇s health in Huai＇an area, China. Cancer prevention and control should be enhanced, especially for esophageal cancer.

Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonographic assessment of an anal fistula with and without H_2O_2 enhancement

AIM： To evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound （3D-EAUS） in the assessment of anal fistulae with and without H202 enhancement. METHODS： Sixty-one patients （37 males, aged 17-74 years） with anal fistulae, which were not simple low types, were evaluated by physical examination and 3D-EAUS with and without enhancement. Fistula classification was determined with each modality and compared to operative findings as the reference standard. RESULTS： The accuracy of 3D-EAUS was significantly higher than that of physical examination in detecting the primary tract （84.4% vs 68.7%, P = 0.037） and secondary extension （81.8% vs 62.1%, P = 0.01） and localizing the internal opening （84.2% vs 59.7%, P = 0.004）. A contrast study with H202 detected several more fistula components including two primary suprasphincteric fistula tracks and one supralevator secondary extension, which were not detected on non-contrast study. However, there was no significant difference in accuracy between 3D-EAUS and H202- enhanced 3D-EAUS with respect to classification of the primary tract （84.4% vs 89.1%, P = 0.435） or secondary extension （81.8% vs 86.4%, P = 0.435） or localization of the internal opening （84.2% vs 89.5%, P = 0.406）. CONCLUSION： 3D-EAUS was highly reliable in the diagnosis of an anal fistula. H2O2 enhancement was helpful at times and selective use in difficult cases may be economical and reliable.

Present and future of metastatic colorectal cancer treatment: A review of new candidate targets

In the last two decades, great efforts have been made in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(m CRC) due to the approval of new target agents for cytotoxic drugs. Unfortunately, a large percentage of patients present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis or relapse after a few months. The complex molecular heterogeneity of this disease is not completely understood; to date, there is a lack of predictive biomarkers that can be used to select subsets of patients who may respond to target drugs. Only the RAS-mutation status is used to predict resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents in patients with m CRC. In this review, we describe approved targeted therapies for the management of metastatic m CRC and discuss new candidate targets on the horizon.

全媒体背景下城市产业大会的传播之道——以南昌“2018世界VR产业大会”的成功召开为例

通过举办高规格产业大会奠定自身产业地位、推进产业群招商、凝聚社会共识,已成为国内不少省市推进战略新兴产业的首选之策。但一场产业大会的举办,倘不能实现有效传播,则无异于一场自说自话的"闭门会议"。在全媒体等多元传播背景下,南昌"2018世界VR产业大会"从VR产品媒介化、城市地标景观媒介化、媒体机构"三度传播"三个新角度推进大会传播,使"会展效应"既有热度又有深度,对当下各地城市产业大会如何有效传播具有一定借鉴意义。

A genetic algorithm for the pareto optimal solution set of multi-objective shortest path problem

Unlike the shortest path problem that has only one optimal solution and can be solved in polynomial time, the muhi-objective shortest path problem （ MSPP ） has a set of pareto optimal solutions and cannot be solved in polynomial time. The present algorithms focused mainly on how to obtain a precisely pareto optimal solution for MSPP resulting in a long time to obtain multiple pareto optimal solutions with them. In order to obtain a set of satisfied solutions for MSPP in reasonable time to meet the demand of a decision maker, a genetic algo- rithm MSPP-GA is presented to solve the MSPP with typically competing objectives, cost and time, in this pa- per. The encoding of the solution and the operators such as crossover, mutation and selection are developed. The algorithm introduced pareto domination tournament and sharing based selection operator, which can not only directly search the pareto optimal frontier but also maintain the diversity of populations in the process of evolutionary computation. Experimental results show that MSPP-GA can obtain most efficient solutions distributed all along the pareto frontier in less time than an exact algorithm. The algorithm proposed in this paper provides a new and effective method of how to obtain the set of pareto optimal solutions for other multiple objective optimization problems in a short time.

Establishing the Basic Indicator for the Calculation of the Flood Vulnerability Index for River Basins in Vietnam

Along with the concept, the method of assessing the vulnerability is becoming more and more diversified in many directions and fields. In general, these methods can be classified into two groups： （i） direct-qualitative （survey methods, integrated map ...） and （ii） indirectly-quantitative （method index）. The set of indicator plays a very important role in the successful application to any method and brings reliable results. Each basin or area with different natural geography, economics and society and so on, requires a different set of indicator. However, assessing any river basin in Vietnam needs the basic indicator. This study will establish the basic indicator for the construction of flood vulnerability index in Vietnam.

Analytical modeling and multi-objective optimization(MOO) of slippage for wheeled mobile robot(WMR) in rough terrain

Good understanding of relationship between parameters of vehicle, terrain and interaction at the interface is required to develop effective navigation and motion control algorithms for autonomous wheeled mobile robots （AWMR） in rough terrain. A model and analysis of relationship among wheel slippage （S）, rotation angle （0）, sinkage （z） and wheel radius （r） are presented. It is found that wheel rotation angle, sinkage and radius have some influence on wheel slippage. A multi-objective optimization problem with slippage as utility function was formulated and solved in MATLAB. The results reveal the optimal values of wheel-terrain parameters required to achieve optimum slippage on dry sandy terrain. A method of slippage estimation for a five-wheeled mobile robot was presented through comparing the odometric measurements of the powered wheels with those of the fifth non-powered wheel. The experimental result shows that this method is feasible and can be used for online slippage estimation in a sandy terrain.

A New Occurrence of （Gold-Bearing） Graphite in the Assosa Region, BenishanguI-Gumuz State, W Ethiopia

The Assosa region of western Ethiopia hosts newly discovered and potentially highly economic graphite-bearing schist units. Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, graphite is quickly becoming an increasingly important economic resource. Graphite occurs over much of the area, and is hosted predominantly by quartz-graphitic schist, quartz-feldspar-mica schist and quartzite. The quartz-graphitic schist covers an area of 37 km2, forming steep valleys and ridges across a 190 km long belt. Graphite is texturally-variable within and across units. Crystal habit varies from highly crystalline to irregular flakes. Flake sizes range from amorphous and crystalline small flake to coarse large flake （〉 150 p.m）, with beneficiation of- 70% and yield potential of 〉 95% （froth flotation methods）. The license area is already a well-known gold-hosting area, and potentially economic gold deposits occur within the graphite-bearing units. Overall, the site shows excellent geochemical indicators, field observations and historical accounts of high gold content. It is suggested that textural variations may be the product of （1） early in-situ formation during （early- to late-Proterozoic） prograde metamorphism and （2） later vein-type mineralization during retrograde metamorphism. The discovery of graphite in western Ethiopia is the first documented and preliminary studies suggest a high economic potential for the deposits.

Physico-chemical and Bacteriological Specification Groundwater of Tangier

The drinking water for all the inhabitants of Tangier is still an aim far from being achieved. Therefore, all rural areas and some urban areas feed water wells and springs whose composition and safety are unknown. In the absence of data on water and ignorance of consumers towards the risk of poisoning and waterborne diseases transmitted by these waters, the authors conducted a study to determine the composition, physico-chemical quality and bacteriological these waters. This study is to provide a basic physico-chemical and bacteriological data from these waters in some urban areas of old or missing infrastructure in some sites in the province of Tangier. Such as Ziatine sites, Gzenaya, Rmilate, Malabata ＋ Mnar, Mghoura ＋ Aouama and Downtown. Analyzes are performed according to AFNOR methods （AFNOR： French Standards Association）. The results indicate that these waters are generally mild and are experiencing significant geochemical imbalance. Moreover, these waters also have a significant organic and bacteriological pollution. It is concluded that the waters of these sites are of poor quality, unfit for human consumption.

Principles and Methods of Determining Epicenter Reference Place Name

Determining an epicenter reference place name (herein after to be referred as "DERPN") is a basic task,but is very important for standardizing the compilation of earthquake catalogues.However,there has been little studies on DERPN.This paper summarizes the development and issues surrounding DERPN and puts forward principles and methods of DERPN.

Strategic Height of Standards Arena

The article explains the meaning and its extreme importance of the strategic heights for the standardization field, deliberates over the challenges for traditional standardization, and proposes the urgency of the transformation towards modernized standardization. Affirming the limited role of existing methods like modularization and comprehensive standardization, the author insists on the necessity of accelerating the development of modernized standardization to meet the increasing demand of modern society towards standardization. It is a historical mission for current standardizers to focus on theories, methodologies and innovations in the modern standardization arena.

Geological and geochemical indicators and prediction of deep-seated ore bodies in Jiudian gold deposit of Pingdu,Shandong Province

Based on the geology and geochemistry of gold-bearing quartz veins in the Jiudian gold deposit of Pingdu,Shandong Province,the geological and geochemical indicators of occurrence of deep-seated ore bodies in the Jiudian gold deposit have been summarized.Extent occurrence of wide,intensive,varied alteration zones around the gold-bearing quartz veins and continual presence of diorite porphyrite and lamprophyry indicate the probable occurrence of deep-seated ore bodies at depth of gold lodes.As,Sb and Hg belong to the head halo elements, and their anomalies could reveal the probable occurrence of the deep-seated ore bodies below.

IDE-OTALEX C. The First Crossborder SDI between Portugal and Spain： Background and Development

IDE-OTALEX is the first crossborder spatial data infrastructure between contiguous Portuguese （Alentejo and Centro） and Spanish （Extremadura） regions. It was implemented to share official geographic information from Alentejo and Extremadura, and now Centro region, with everyone. This is the most effective way to have a distributed and flexible system to be used as a territorial observatory for sustainable development and environment protection in these rural and low populated regions. It also contributes to territorial cohesion, one of the tree main pillars of European Cohesion Policy. It＇s characterized for being a distributed, decentralized, modular and collaborative system, based on standards OGC （Open Geospatial Consortium）, W3C （World Wide Web Consortium）, ISO （International Organization for Standardization） and open source technology, developed to guarantee interoperability between the different GIS （Geographic Information System） provided by each project partner. The geoportal is multilingual （Portuguese, Spanish and English） and integrates a Map viewer, Metadata Catalogue and Gazetteer. It consists in central and local nodes which communicate through WMS （Web Map Services）, CSW （Catalogue Service Web） and WFS （Web Feature Services）. It is now implementing SOS （Sensor Observation Services） and WPS （Web Map Processing）. The geographic information available results of an extensive work of data harmonisation adapted to INSPIRE Directive （D 2007/2/EC, the European Parliament and Council, March 14, 2007）. It integrates basic cartography, socio-economic, territorial and environmental indicators.