Engineering excavation GIS (E 2 GIS) is a real-3D GIS serving for geosciences related to geo-engineering, civil engineering and mining engineering based on generalized tri-prism (GTP) model. As two instances of GTP mo...Engineering excavation GIS (E 2 GIS) is a real-3D GIS serving for geosciences related to geo-engineering, civil engineering and mining engineering based on generalized tri-prism (GTP) model. As two instances of GTP model, G\|GTP is used for the real\|3D modeling of subsurface geological bodies, and E\|GTP is used for the real\|3D modeling of subsurface engineering excavations.In the light of the discussions on the features and functions of E 2 GIS, the modeling principles of G\|GTP and E\|GTP are introduced. The two models couple together seamlessly to form an integral model for subsurface spatial objects including both geological bodies and excavations. An object\|oriented integral real\|3D data model and integral spatial topological relations are discussed.展开更多
Geoengineering （also called climate engineering）, which refers to large-scale intervention in the Earth＇s climate system to counteract greenhouse gas-induced warming, has been one of the most rapidly growing areas ...Geoengineering （also called climate engineering）, which refers to large-scale intervention in the Earth＇s climate system to counteract greenhouse gas-induced warming, has been one of the most rapidly growing areas of climate research as a potential option for tackling global warming. Here, we provide an overview of the scientific background and research progress of proposed geoengineering schemes. Geo- engineering can be broadly divided into two categories： solar geoengineering （also called solar radiation management, or SRM）, which aims to reflect more sunlight to space, and carbon dioxide removal （CDR）, which aims to reduce the CO2 content in the atmosphere. First, we review different proposed geoengineering methods involved in the solar radiation management and carbon dioxide removal schemes. Then, we discuss the fundamental science underlying the climate response to the carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management schemes. We focus on two basic issues： 1） climate response to the reduction in solar irradiance and 2） climate response to the reduction in atmospheric COe. Next, we introduce an ongoing geoengineering research project in China that is supported by National Key Basic Research Program. This research project, being the first coordinated geoengineering research program in China, will systematically investigate the physical mechanisms, climate impacts, and risk and governance of a few targeted geoengineering schemes. It is expected that this research program will help us gain a deep understanding of the physical science underlying geoengineering schemes and the impacts of geoengineering on global climate, in particular, on the Asia monsoon region.展开更多
文摘Engineering excavation GIS (E 2 GIS) is a real-3D GIS serving for geosciences related to geo-engineering, civil engineering and mining engineering based on generalized tri-prism (GTP) model. As two instances of GTP model, G\|GTP is used for the real\|3D modeling of subsurface geological bodies, and E\|GTP is used for the real\|3D modeling of subsurface engineering excavations.In the light of the discussions on the features and functions of E 2 GIS, the modeling principles of G\|GTP and E\|GTP are introduced. The two models couple together seamlessly to form an integral model for subsurface spatial objects including both geological bodies and excavations. An object\|oriented integral real\|3D data model and integral spatial topological relations are discussed.
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB953601)National Natural Science Foundation of China (41422503, 41276073)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015XZZX00405)Zhejiang University K. P. Chao's High Technology Development Foundation
文摘Geoengineering （also called climate engineering）, which refers to large-scale intervention in the Earth＇s climate system to counteract greenhouse gas-induced warming, has been one of the most rapidly growing areas of climate research as a potential option for tackling global warming. Here, we provide an overview of the scientific background and research progress of proposed geoengineering schemes. Geo- engineering can be broadly divided into two categories： solar geoengineering （also called solar radiation management, or SRM）, which aims to reflect more sunlight to space, and carbon dioxide removal （CDR）, which aims to reduce the CO2 content in the atmosphere. First, we review different proposed geoengineering methods involved in the solar radiation management and carbon dioxide removal schemes. Then, we discuss the fundamental science underlying the climate response to the carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management schemes. We focus on two basic issues： 1） climate response to the reduction in solar irradiance and 2） climate response to the reduction in atmospheric COe. Next, we introduce an ongoing geoengineering research project in China that is supported by National Key Basic Research Program. This research project, being the first coordinated geoengineering research program in China, will systematically investigate the physical mechanisms, climate impacts, and risk and governance of a few targeted geoengineering schemes. It is expected that this research program will help us gain a deep understanding of the physical science underlying geoengineering schemes and the impacts of geoengineering on global climate, in particular, on the Asia monsoon region.
