面向服务聚合应用的地理信息服务质量评价

针对地理信息服务质量提升过程中的服务聚合评价问题,在现有服务质量评价模型基础上,考虑待聚合服务间的关联性,提出了主服务的概念,并在此之上构建了独立评价、关联评价等多类型评价指标体系,形成了以源服务数据质量、执行质量、成果质量、源服务与主服务的一致性、兼容性等评价指标的面向服务聚合应用的可扩展的地理信息服务质量评价模型。以天地图·四川为主服务,利用本文提出的地理信息服务质量评价模型,构建了在线地理信息服务质量评价系统,并对其中各评价指标的取值方案进行了探讨,分析与评价了该模型及指标的合理性,从而为地理信息服务聚合应用奠定了基础。

Mass Valuation and the Implementation Necessity of GIS （Geographic Information System） in Albania

In the last decade, mass valuation system is applied in Albania in addition to individual valuation system for real estate valuation. This system is used for compiling the land value map and apartments value map. Due to the lack of experience in the compilation of these maps, the methodology of valuation is based on the experiences of other countries with similar development of real estate market. The mass assessment, which is applied in determining the values for specific purposes, such as expropriation, compensation and taxes for property transfer through the methodology adopted for this aim, is analyzed in the light of the finding of issues that accompany this application. The aim of this research is to highlight the problems to provide the ways of overcoming them in order to approximate the values of map values with market values. The mass appraisal process requires effective valuation models and proper management of resources. Its accuracy depends upon the extent and quality of property data available. Because of this reason, it is recommended the usage of the GIS （geographic information system）, an automated system for collection and processing of the data necessary for valuation, as the first point of integration between two process of valuation, individual and mass valuation.

Groundwater Quality Assessment for an Indian Urban Habitat： A GIS Approach

Groundwater is an essential source of drinking water for many Indian urban habitats. Large numbers of people consume ground water instead of municipal tap water due to contamination of tap water. Groundwater is extracted from thousands of bore wells, and used for potable purpose without proper testing and treatment. This paper describes a groundwater quality monitoring strategy and database model developed for Gulbarga city, located in Karnataka, India. Sampling wells are selected one each in 55 wards of the city corporation having easy access for regular sampling. Various attributes of sampling wells including their spatial coordinates, location address and a photograph are registered for ready recognition on site. Water samples are collected and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. Spatial coordinates and levels of sampling points are measured on site using a hand held GPS instrument. Gulbarga city map is digitized. A GIS database of the measured spatial and water quality data is developed using ArcGIS Desktop 9.3, and ground water quality maps are prepared which may serve as useful tools for developing policy, and regulatory mechanism for sustainable groundwater use.

基于通用知识库的地理实体开放关系过滤方法

文本数据为地理知识服务提供了海量资源。面向文本数据的地理实体关系抽取是地理知识图谱构建的核心技术,直接影响地理知识推理与服务的质量。由于文本数据不可避免地含有噪声,从文本中抽取的地理实体关系需要质量评价和信息过滤。本文提出一种基于通用知识库的地理实体关系过滤方法,针对已抽取的地理实体关系从中筛选出高质量的结果:先利用"本体知识"、"事实知识"和"同义词知识"构建地理关系知识库,作为信息过滤的参照数据;再基于分布式向量表示模型度量已抽取的地理实体关系与参照数据之间的语义相似性,以提高地理知识图谱的丰度与鲜度。实验结果表明,相比业界流行的"Stanford OpenIE"工具,本文所提出的方法可将置信度区间[0, 0.2]和[0.8, 1]的MSE(Mean Square Error)从59.27%降至3.94%,AUC(Area Under the ROC Curve)从0.51提升至0.89。