基于降雨预报的山洪灾害风险预警模式研究

正值全球气候大变动,极端天气频发之时,我国每年都会经历一连串的山洪灾害,给人民的生命财产带来了重大影响。因此,这篇研究突破困境,提出一种全新的基于降雨预报的山洪灾害风险预警模式。利用大数据分析技术,对过去几十年的气候数据进行深度挖掘,生成了精确的降雨预测模型。而降雨预测模型与地质、地形、土壤等地质环境参数一并考虑,进而构建了山洪灾害的发生概率模型。再把这些预测模型引入风险预警系统中,对山洪灾害进行准确的预警。目的就是为了更好的预防山洪灾害,减少其带来的不利影响。经过一系列的验证和实地测试,我们的预警模式表现出良好的预警效果,能够为防治山洪灾害提供重要的参考依据。此外,这种预警模式具有较高的推广应用价值,对于我国山洪灾害的防控具有积极的意义。

Benthic Habitat Quality Assessment Based on Biological Indices in Xiaoqing River Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea of Laizhou Bay,China

Based on the macrofauna data(2008-2011) in Xiaoqing River estuary and its adjacent sea, Laizhou Bay of Bohai Sea, China, the AZTI Marine Biotic Index(AMBI) and Multivariate AMBI(M-AMBI) were used for benthic habitat quality(BHQ) assessment. Results showed that BHQ presented an obvious trend of improvement along the direction of stream channel and river mouth, and in the coastal areas. AMBI and M-AMBI were significantly related to environmental pressure gradient data. Therefore, the two indices can well indicate BHQ in the studied area. However, there were significant differences between results of the two indices. In the cases of low taxa number and high abundance of single species, AMBI might overestimate BHQ. We thus adjusted its thresholds to solve this problem. And M-AMBI might overestimate BHQ when benthic assemblage was dominated by the opportunistic species. Then we could raise the weight of AMBI in the calculation of M-AMBI to handle the problem.

地测工作与煤矿安全生产重要性研究

地质测量是现代地质学科中的重要内容，同时也是煤矿生产前必须要进行的工作，关系到煤矿的正常生产与运营效益。本文根据生产实践论述了地测工作与煤矿安全生产实践的关系，提出了加强地测工作的具体措施，为煤矿生产实践的安全开展提供借鉴。