Underground brine is an unusual water resource that contains abundant mineral resources. It is distributed widely in the Qaidam Basin, western China, a hyperarid inland basin located in the northern Tibetan Plateau. P...Underground brine is an unusual water resource that contains abundant mineral resources. It is distributed widely in the Qaidam Basin, western China, a hyperarid inland basin located in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Pores in the brine storage medium act as storage space and transmission channels of underground brine. Therefore, the porosity of brine storage medium determines its ability to store brine. In this study, Mahai Salt Lake was used as the research area as a modern saline lake located in the north area of the Qaidam Basin. A total of 100 porosity samples were collected from eight sampling points in two profiles of the research area at sampling depths of 1.30–314.78 m. The porosity distribution characteristics and influencing factors in brine storage medium were analysed according to the measured porosity data. Based on analysis of the pore structure characteristics, the brine storage medium contains intercrystalline pores, unlike conventional freshwater storage mediums. Moreover, the primary salt rock is susceptible to dissolution by lighter brine, facilitating the formation of secondary porosity. Due to the formation of secondary pores, a porosity greater than 20% remains even at buried depths greater than 100 m. Based on the geological statistical analysis, due to the geographic location, salt formation time, and depositional environment, the porosity values of Mahai Salt Lake do not exhibit a wider distribution, but also show more extreme values than a nearby salt lake. Based on the porosity characteristics by depth, due to the presence of secondary pores, flooding, stratigraphic static pressure, and other factors, porosity shows fluctuations with increasing depth.展开更多
Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： fa...Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： falaj）, which provide 680× 10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate some 26,500 ha. Aflaj are trenches and tunnels, which are dug in the ground to convey water from one place to another. This study analyzed the existing management of Falaj Al Khatmain and proposed improvements to the system regarding water utilization, enriching community living, distribution of water among the shareholders and the water circulation during day and night. Furthermore, the study estimated the surplus water during the wet period and determined the recharge area of groundwater using the rainfall, falaj flow, wadi flow, water table and lithology of the wells located in or around the study area. The study concluded that under the climatic and hydro-geologic conditions in the study area, the best arrangement for recharging the groundwater is an infiltration pond to store surplus water from thefalaj in the subsurface pond or reservoir without dam construction.展开更多
The δ18O and 8D values of gypsum crystallization water together with δ18O and 834S of sulfates were used as reliable techniques to study source of sulfur and mode of gypsum formation in selected central Iraqi soils....The δ18O and 8D values of gypsum crystallization water together with δ18O and 834S of sulfates were used as reliable techniques to study source of sulfur and mode of gypsum formation in selected central Iraqi soils. Six representative pedons on different geologic units were studied. The slope of 3.9 for δ18O and 8D plot of gypsum crystallization water showed that evaporation was the major process of gypsum deposition in the study area. The mean 834S value of ＋17.58 %0 showed that Cretaceous sea sulfate followed by Tertiary is the source of sulfur in studied soils. The heavier 834S value （＋17.58 %0） of the study area compared to central Iran （＋13.5 %） proved that gypsum in central Iraq soils has been formed in the later stage of evaporation and that Iraqi landforms were cut off from the Tethys seaway after central Iran was evolved.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of The National Natural Science Fundation of China(No.41572216,41672243)The Water Resources Project of Jilin Province(No.0773-1441GNJL00390)+1 种基金The Natural Science Fundation of Jilin Province(No.20140101164JC)Science and Technology Support Program of Qinghai Province(No.2012-G-154A)
文摘Underground brine is an unusual water resource that contains abundant mineral resources. It is distributed widely in the Qaidam Basin, western China, a hyperarid inland basin located in the northern Tibetan Plateau. Pores in the brine storage medium act as storage space and transmission channels of underground brine. Therefore, the porosity of brine storage medium determines its ability to store brine. In this study, Mahai Salt Lake was used as the research area as a modern saline lake located in the north area of the Qaidam Basin. A total of 100 porosity samples were collected from eight sampling points in two profiles of the research area at sampling depths of 1.30–314.78 m. The porosity distribution characteristics and influencing factors in brine storage medium were analysed according to the measured porosity data. Based on analysis of the pore structure characteristics, the brine storage medium contains intercrystalline pores, unlike conventional freshwater storage mediums. Moreover, the primary salt rock is susceptible to dissolution by lighter brine, facilitating the formation of secondary porosity. Due to the formation of secondary pores, a porosity greater than 20% remains even at buried depths greater than 100 m. Based on the geological statistical analysis, due to the geographic location, salt formation time, and depositional environment, the porosity values of Mahai Salt Lake do not exhibit a wider distribution, but also show more extreme values than a nearby salt lake. Based on the porosity characteristics by depth, due to the presence of secondary pores, flooding, stratigraphic static pressure, and other factors, porosity shows fluctuations with increasing depth.
文摘Oman is an arid country with an average annual rainfall of 100 mm. Agricultural productions in Oman is almost fully dependent on irrigation. More than one third of irrigation water is supplied by aflaj （singular： falaj）, which provide 680× 10^6 m^3 of water per year and irrigate some 26,500 ha. Aflaj are trenches and tunnels, which are dug in the ground to convey water from one place to another. This study analyzed the existing management of Falaj Al Khatmain and proposed improvements to the system regarding water utilization, enriching community living, distribution of water among the shareholders and the water circulation during day and night. Furthermore, the study estimated the surplus water during the wet period and determined the recharge area of groundwater using the rainfall, falaj flow, wadi flow, water table and lithology of the wells located in or around the study area. The study concluded that under the climatic and hydro-geologic conditions in the study area, the best arrangement for recharging the groundwater is an infiltration pond to store surplus water from thefalaj in the subsurface pond or reservoir without dam construction.
文摘The δ18O and 8D values of gypsum crystallization water together with δ18O and 834S of sulfates were used as reliable techniques to study source of sulfur and mode of gypsum formation in selected central Iraqi soils. Six representative pedons on different geologic units were studied. The slope of 3.9 for δ18O and 8D plot of gypsum crystallization water showed that evaporation was the major process of gypsum deposition in the study area. The mean 834S value of ＋17.58 %0 showed that Cretaceous sea sulfate followed by Tertiary is the source of sulfur in studied soils. The heavier 834S value （＋17.58 %0） of the study area compared to central Iran （＋13.5 %） proved that gypsum in central Iraq soils has been formed in the later stage of evaporation and that Iraqi landforms were cut off from the Tethys seaway after central Iran was evolved.
