本文的前二部分为沃森教授(Patty Jo Watson)1991年10月17日在河南三门峡召开的“班村遗址综合发掘与研究”项目论证会上的发言提要,后一部分是根据她在回答提问时所谈的一些看法整理而成.沃森教授是华盛顿大学教授,美国当代著名考古学...本文的前二部分为沃森教授(Patty Jo Watson)1991年10月17日在河南三门峡召开的“班村遗址综合发掘与研究”项目论证会上的发言提要,后一部分是根据她在回答提问时所谈的一些看法整理而成.沃森教授是华盛顿大学教授,美国当代著名考古学家,这次由她组队参加中国的一次考古学研究论证会,自有相当意义.她的发言和谈话也给我们以相当的启发,从中可以了解到美国同行近期工作的一些信息.整理稿未经教授本人审阅,错漏之处,由整理者负责.展开更多
Axial Age theory posits that there should be major transformations in Greece （as elsewhere） in the middle of the first millennium BCE. One could point to the creation of the world＇s first democracy in Athens in the...Axial Age theory posits that there should be major transformations in Greece （as elsewhere） in the middle of the first millennium BCE. One could point to the creation of the world＇s first democracy in Athens in the years around 508. Equally important, and not unrelated to the democracy, was a re-conceptualizing of the role of religion and worship in society, for which Athens provides especially striking archeological evidence. The physical setting for religious expression changed markedly around the end of the sixth century, especially at Athens. The Agora was filled with cults, temples, and shrines of gods and heroes, laid out along with the establishment of the democracy and adapted to the changing political and social needs of the community. Conversely, the Acropolis, which had been strictly the domain of the goddess Athena, takes on a more civic character in the late sixth century with a radical change in the nature of votives dedicated to her. Thus, in the Greek version of axial breakthrough, religion is not set aside or diluted, but put in the service of a new political order.展开更多
文摘本文的前二部分为沃森教授(Patty Jo Watson)1991年10月17日在河南三门峡召开的“班村遗址综合发掘与研究”项目论证会上的发言提要,后一部分是根据她在回答提问时所谈的一些看法整理而成.沃森教授是华盛顿大学教授,美国当代著名考古学家,这次由她组队参加中国的一次考古学研究论证会,自有相当意义.她的发言和谈话也给我们以相当的启发,从中可以了解到美国同行近期工作的一些信息.整理稿未经教授本人审阅,错漏之处,由整理者负责.
文摘Axial Age theory posits that there should be major transformations in Greece （as elsewhere） in the middle of the first millennium BCE. One could point to the creation of the world＇s first democracy in Athens in the years around 508. Equally important, and not unrelated to the democracy, was a re-conceptualizing of the role of religion and worship in society, for which Athens provides especially striking archeological evidence. The physical setting for religious expression changed markedly around the end of the sixth century, especially at Athens. The Agora was filled with cults, temples, and shrines of gods and heroes, laid out along with the establishment of the democracy and adapted to the changing political and social needs of the community. Conversely, the Acropolis, which had been strictly the domain of the goddess Athena, takes on a more civic character in the late sixth century with a radical change in the nature of votives dedicated to her. Thus, in the Greek version of axial breakthrough, religion is not set aside or diluted, but put in the service of a new political order.
