矩形装配式隧道接头抗震性能数值模拟分析

采用有限元软件分别建立矩形隧道现浇接头模型和装配式接头模型,通过施加低周往复荷载得到模型的受力和损伤性能、骨架曲线和耗能系数,以此对两者的抗震性能进行对比,进一步研究了抗剪钢箱长度变化对装配式接头模型抗震性能的影响。结果表明:装配式接头模型侧墙下部应力比现浇接头模型更加集中且受拉损伤面积和损伤程度更大;地震动载作用下现浇接头模型承载力、延展性和能量消耗能力均优于装配式接头模型;钢箱长度越大模型耗能性能越好,结构抗震性能也越强。

基于强度原理的顺层岩质边坡动力安全系数判据研究

基于完全动力的有限差分强度折减法,对6种判据求解地震荷载作用下顺层岩质边坡动力安全系数的有效性和适用性进行分析,并与刚体极限平衡法的计算结果进行了对比。研究结果表明:塑性区和岩体层面剪切滑移状态贯通判据是判别顺层岩质边坡处于临界失稳状态的必要非充分条件,以其为判据获得的动力安全系数略小于其它判据对应的动力安全系数,工程意义上偏于保守;由于很难事先预知边坡滑裂面的几何形状和位置,层面上下岩体相对位移突变判据、层面剪切滑移位移突变判据和动力安全系数时程判据的普遍适用性较差。建议联合塑性区和层面剪切滑移状态贯通判据以及滑体特征点位移或位移变化速率突变判据,进行地震等动载作用下顺层岩质边坡动力安全系数的求解;为使所选取的特征点具备普遍适用性,可在坡脚至坡顶之间的坡面上间隔一定距离选取监测点,作为监测边坡位移或位移变化速率的特征点。

Dynamic effect of heavy-haul train on seismic response of railway cable-stayed bridge

This paper focuses on understanding and evaluating the dynamic effect of the heavy-haul train system on the seismic performance of a long-span railway bridge. A systematic study on the effect of heavy-haul trains on bridge seismic response has been conducted, considering the influence of vehicle modeling strategies and dynamic characteristics of the seismic waves. For this purpose, the performance of a long-span cable-stayed railway bridge is assessed with stationary trains atop it, where the heavy-haul vehicles are modeled in two different ways: the multi-rigid body model with suspension system and additional mass model. Comparison of the bridge response in the presence or absence of the train system has been conducted, and the vehicle loading situation, which includes full-load and no-load, is also discussed. The result shows that during the earthquake, the peak moment of the main girder and peak stress of stay cables increase by 80% and by 40% in the presence of fully loaded heavy-haul trains, respectively. At the same time, a considerable decrease appears in the peak acceleration of the main girder. This proves the existence of the damping effect of the heavy-haul train system, and this effect is more obvious for the fully loaded vehicles. Finally, this paper proposes an efficient vehicle modeling method with 2 degrees of freedom(DOF) for simplifying the treatment of the train system in bridge seismic checking.

Pseudo-dynamic analysis of seismic stability of reinforced slopes considering non-associated flow rule

The required reinforcement force to prevent instability and the yield acceleration of reinforced slopes are computed under seismic loading by applying the kinematic approach of limit analysis in conjunction with the pseudo-dynamic method for a wide range of soil cohesion, friction angle, dilation angle and horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients. Each parameter threatening the stability of the slope enhances the magnitude of the required reinforcement force and vice versa. Moreover, the yield acceleration increases with the increase in soil shear strength parameters but decreases with the increase in the slope angle. The comparison of the present work with some of the available solutions in the literatures shows a reasonable agreement.

Influences of nonassociated flow rules on three-dimensional seismic stability of loaded slopes

The influences of soil dilatancy angle on three-dimensional （3D） seismic stability of locally-loaded slopes in nonassociated flow rule materials were investigated using a new rotational collapse mechanism and quasi-static coefficient concept. Extended Bishop method and Boussinesq theorem were employed to establish the stress distribution along the rupture surfaces that are required to obtain the rate of internal energy dissipation for the nonassociated flow rule materials in rotational collapse mechanisms. Good agreement was observed by comparing the current results with those obtained using the translational or rotational mechanisms and numerical finite difference method. The results indicate that the seismic stability of slopes reduces by decreasing the dilatancy angle for nonassociated flow rule materials. The amount of the mentioned decrease is more significant in the case of mild slopes in frictional soils. A nearly infinite slope under local loading, whether its critical failure surface is 2D or 3D, not only depends on the magnitude of the external load, but also depends on the dilataney angle of soil and the coefficient of seismic load.

A Discussion on Dynamic Characteristics of Undisturbed Loess by Dynamic Triaxial Test

Based on the dynamic triaxial test system and using the fitted wave of the Wenchuan earthquake and 1 Hz constant amplitude sinusoid,the paper compares the results of tests on undisturbed loess samples under different loads and vibration modes but under same saturated conditions.Results of the comparative experiment show:The stress-strain curves have a similar trend under random seismic loading and constant amplitude sinusoidal loading,but the random seismic loading is more sensitive to failure strength of the undisturbed loess samples under the same stress.

Experimental analysis for the dynamic initiation mechanism of debris flows

Debris flow is one of the major secondary mountain hazards following the earthquake. This study explores the dynamic initiation mechanism of debris flows based on the strength reduction of soils through static and dynamic triaxial tests. A series of static and dynamic triaxial tests were conducted on samples in the lab. The samples were prepared according to different grain size distribution, degree of saturation and earthquake magnitudes. The relations of dynamic shear strength, degree of saturation, and number of cycles are summarized through analyzing experimental results. The findings show that the gravelly soil with a wide and continuous gradation has a critical degree of saturation of approximately 87%, above which debris flows will be triggered by rainfall, while the debris flow will be triggered at a critical degree of saturation of about 73% under the effect of rainfall and earthquake(M>6.5). Debris flow initiation is developed in the humidification process, and the earthquake provides energy for triggering debris flows. Debris flows are more likely to be triggered at the relatively low saturation under dynamic loading than under static loading. The resistance of debris flow triggering relies more on internal frication angle than soil cohesion under the effect of rainfall and earthquake. The conclusions provide an experimental analysis method for dynamic initiation mechanism of debris flows.

Tall building configuration effects on their response to earthquake loading

This paper studies and analyzes the response and behavior of regular and irregular building structures in earthquake zones. The non-linear dynamic response of tall buildings structures were obtained using five simulated models, which were subjected to UBC code dynamic and static equivalent earthquake loads. The maximum response of the structural models were computed and analyzed in order to verify the effects of building configuration on drift results. Drift results agreed with codes recommendations regarding building configuration and showed that regular buildings performance in resisting earthquake forces is better than that of irregular buildings.