名医钱乙的“地黄圆”

钱乙是宋代著名的儿科医家,初以《颅囟方》成名于山东,行医多年,著作颇丰。除我国现存最早的一部儿科专著《小儿药证直诀》（三卷）外,他还写有《伤寒论发微》五卷、《婴孺论》百篇、《钱氏小儿方》八卷,可惜均已散佚。他不仅精通儿科,亦通其他各科,而且特别注意方药的研究。很多人都听过、吃过同仁堂的六味地黄丸,知道这是著名的滋阴补肾中成药,却不知道它出自善用成药的＂幼科之鼻祖＂钱乙。六味地黄丸实际上是从张仲景《金匮要略》中的肾气丸化裁而成,原称地黄圆。

钱乙与六味地黄丸的故事

六味地黄丸,原名地黄圆(丸),最早见于北宋钱乙的《小儿药证直诀》。钱乙,字仲阳,山东郓州东平(今山东东平县)人。钱乙是北宋年代一位杰出的医学家,他从事儿科40余年,积有丰富的临证经验。后经其学生阎季忠把他的理论和经验加以整理,编成了《小儿药证直诀》,这是我国现存较早的一部儿科专著。

Mechanism of formation of sliding ground fissure in loess hilly areas caused by underground mining

Based on a shallow-buried coal seam covered with thick loose layers in hilly loess areas of western China,we developed a mechanical model for a mining slope with slope stability analysis, and studied the mechanism of formation and development of a sliding ground fissure by the circular sliding slice method.Moreover, we established a prediction model of a sliding fissure based on a mechanical mechanism,and verified its reliability on face 52,304, an engineering example, situated at Daliuta coal mine of Shendong mining area in western China. The results show that the stress state of a mining slope is changed by its gravity and additional stress from the shallow-buried coal seam and gully terrain. The mining slope is found to be most unstable when the ratio of the down-sliding to anti-sliding force is the maximum, causing local fractures and sliding fissures. The predicted angles for the sliding fissure of face 52,304 on both sides of the slope are found to be 64.2° and 82.4°, which are in agreement with the experimental data.

六味地黄丸的故事

六味地黄丸,原名地黄圆(丸),最早见于北宋钱乙的《小儿药证直决》。说起六味地黄丸的创制,还有一段故事。钱乙是北宋时期一位杰出的医学家,从事儿科四十余年,其学生阎孝忠把他的理论和经验加以整理,编成了《小儿药证直决》,这是我国现存较早的一部儿科专著。但让他在现代仍然闻名的还得说是六味地黄丸,而这个药最初却是治小儿病的。