The selection of a landfill site is considered as a complicated task because this process is based on many factors and restrictions. For Al-Qasim Qadhaa, which is situated in the southern part of the Babylon Governora...The selection of a landfill site is considered as a complicated task because this process is based on many factors and restrictions. For Al-Qasim Qadhaa, which is situated in the southern part of the Babylon Governorate, Iraq, there is no landfill site in that area that conforms to the scientific criteria for selecting sites for landfill. For this reason, 15 criteria were adopted in this study （groundwater depth, rivers, soil types, agriculture lands use, land use, elevation, slope, gas pipelines, oil pipelines, power lines, roads, railways, urban centers, villages and archaeological sites） using GIS （geographic information system）, which has a large ability to manage input data. In addition, the AHP （analytical hierarchy process） method was used to derive the relative weightings for each criterion using pair-wise comparison. To obtain the suitability index for candidate landfill sites, a weighted linear combination method was used. After combining these methods, two suitable candidate landfill sites, with areas of 2.766 km2 and 2.055 km2, respectively, were found to satisfy the scientific and environmental requirements. The area of these sites can accommodate solid waste from 2020 until 2030 based on the required area, which was 0.702 km2.展开更多
Crowded scene analysis is currently a hot and challenging topic in computer vision field. The ability to analyze motion patterns from videos is a difficult, but critical part of this problem. In this paper, we propose...Crowded scene analysis is currently a hot and challenging topic in computer vision field. The ability to analyze motion patterns from videos is a difficult, but critical part of this problem. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the analysis of motion patterns by clustering the tracklets using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm, where the similarity between tracklets is measured by the Longest Common Subsequences. The tracklets are obtained by tracking dense points under three effective rules, therefore enabling it to capture the motion patterns in crowded scenes. The analysis of motion patterns is implemented in a completely unsupervised way, and the tracklets are clustered automatically through hierarchical clustering algorithm based on a graphic model. To validate the performance of our approach, we conducted experimental evaluations on two datasets. The results reveal the precise distributions of motion patterns in current crowded videos and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.展开更多
This study examined public attitudes concerning the value of outdoor spaces which people use daily. Two successive analyses were performed based on data from common residents and college students in the city of Hangzh...This study examined public attitudes concerning the value of outdoor spaces which people use daily. Two successive analyses were performed based on data from common residents and college students in the city of Hangzhou, China. First, citizens registered various items constituting desirable values of residential outdoor spaces through a preliminary questionnaire. The result proposed three general attributes (functional, aesthetic and ecological) and ten specific qualities of residential outdoor spaces. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to an interview survey in order to clarify the weights among these attributes and qualities. Second, principal factors were extracted from the ten specific qualities with principal component analysis (PCA) for both the common case and the campus case. In addition, the variations of respondents’ groups were classified with cluster analysis (CA) using the results of the PCA. The results of the AHP application found that the public prefers the functional attribute, rather than the aesthetic attribute. The latter is always viewed as the core value of open spaces in the eyes of architects and designers. Fur-thermore, comparisons of ten specific qualities showed that the public prefers the open spaces that can be utilized conveniently and easily for group activities, because such spaces keep an active lifestyle of neighborhood communication, which is also seen to protect human-regarding residential environments. Moreover, different groups of respondents diverge largely in terms of gender, age, behavior and preference.展开更多
This paper studies the IPO underpricing in the emerging stock market of China. The empirical results reveal that in China, the degree of IPO underpricing measured by first-day return is more than 100%, which is a prev...This paper studies the IPO underpricing in the emerging stock market of China. The empirical results reveal that in China, the degree of IPO underpricing measured by first-day return is more than 100%, which is a prevailing phenomenon for almost all IPO firms, regardless of the IPO time and the industry of the firm The degree of IPO underpricing in China is larger than the IPO initial returns documented in almost all the other countries. This considerable underpricing in China can hardly be explained by the information asymmetry theory and agency theory.展开更多
Solid waste management aspect is one of the most important challenges facing the local administration in the Govemorate of Najaf. Therefore, this study aims to provide for solid waste management problem by choosing th...Solid waste management aspect is one of the most important challenges facing the local administration in the Govemorate of Najaf. Therefore, this study aims to provide for solid waste management problem by choosing the best locations for the establishment of sanitary landfills in the governorate. In this study, GIS （geographic information system） and MCDA （multi-criteria decision analysis） were used based on 17 environmental, economic and geological criteria converted to input digital map layers. These were urban centres, cemetery, airports, electrical power lines, oil pipes, railways, roads, slope, historical sites, main rivers, industrial areas, religion sites, wells, military area, electrical power plants, nature reserves and national borders to select most importance sites in the govemorate. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） method was used in weighting the criteria used. All layers＇ maps were graded from 0 （not suitable） to 5 （most suitable） using spatial information scale then SAW （simple additive weighting） method was integrated in GIS used to calculate the suitability index for the studied area. The results indicated that 4.4% of the study region is suitable for landfill siting with grading values greater than 4.0. This included five sites distributed in three qadhaas of governorate.展开更多
In Najaf Govemorate, Iraq, there are five landfill sites. This study aims to rank these sites based on their criteria which are site capacity, land elevation and land price. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） method w...In Najaf Govemorate, Iraq, there are five landfill sites. This study aims to rank these sites based on their criteria which are site capacity, land elevation and land price. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） method was used to weight the criteria and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution. Fuzzy TOPSIS （technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution） method was used to rank these sites from best to worst. Based on AHP method, the site capacity criterion was the most important than land price and land elevation.展开更多
文摘The selection of a landfill site is considered as a complicated task because this process is based on many factors and restrictions. For Al-Qasim Qadhaa, which is situated in the southern part of the Babylon Governorate, Iraq, there is no landfill site in that area that conforms to the scientific criteria for selecting sites for landfill. For this reason, 15 criteria were adopted in this study （groundwater depth, rivers, soil types, agriculture lands use, land use, elevation, slope, gas pipelines, oil pipelines, power lines, roads, railways, urban centers, villages and archaeological sites） using GIS （geographic information system）, which has a large ability to manage input data. In addition, the AHP （analytical hierarchy process） method was used to derive the relative weightings for each criterion using pair-wise comparison. To obtain the suitability index for candidate landfill sites, a weighted linear combination method was used. After combining these methods, two suitable candidate landfill sites, with areas of 2.766 km2 and 2.055 km2, respectively, were found to satisfy the scientific and environmental requirements. The area of these sites can accommodate solid waste from 2020 until 2030 based on the required area, which was 0.702 km2.
基金supported in part by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2011CB302203the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61273285
文摘Crowded scene analysis is currently a hot and challenging topic in computer vision field. The ability to analyze motion patterns from videos is a difficult, but critical part of this problem. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for the analysis of motion patterns by clustering the tracklets using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm, where the similarity between tracklets is measured by the Longest Common Subsequences. The tracklets are obtained by tracking dense points under three effective rules, therefore enabling it to capture the motion patterns in crowded scenes. The analysis of motion patterns is implemented in a completely unsupervised way, and the tracklets are clustered automatically through hierarchical clustering algorithm based on a graphic model. To validate the performance of our approach, we conducted experimental evaluations on two datasets. The results reveal the precise distributions of motion patterns in current crowded videos and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
文摘This study examined public attitudes concerning the value of outdoor spaces which people use daily. Two successive analyses were performed based on data from common residents and college students in the city of Hangzhou, China. First, citizens registered various items constituting desirable values of residential outdoor spaces through a preliminary questionnaire. The result proposed three general attributes (functional, aesthetic and ecological) and ten specific qualities of residential outdoor spaces. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was applied to an interview survey in order to clarify the weights among these attributes and qualities. Second, principal factors were extracted from the ten specific qualities with principal component analysis (PCA) for both the common case and the campus case. In addition, the variations of respondents’ groups were classified with cluster analysis (CA) using the results of the PCA. The results of the AHP application found that the public prefers the functional attribute, rather than the aesthetic attribute. The latter is always viewed as the core value of open spaces in the eyes of architects and designers. Fur-thermore, comparisons of ten specific qualities showed that the public prefers the open spaces that can be utilized conveniently and easily for group activities, because such spaces keep an active lifestyle of neighborhood communication, which is also seen to protect human-regarding residential environments. Moreover, different groups of respondents diverge largely in terms of gender, age, behavior and preference.
文摘This paper studies the IPO underpricing in the emerging stock market of China. The empirical results reveal that in China, the degree of IPO underpricing measured by first-day return is more than 100%, which is a prevailing phenomenon for almost all IPO firms, regardless of the IPO time and the industry of the firm The degree of IPO underpricing in China is larger than the IPO initial returns documented in almost all the other countries. This considerable underpricing in China can hardly be explained by the information asymmetry theory and agency theory.
文摘Solid waste management aspect is one of the most important challenges facing the local administration in the Govemorate of Najaf. Therefore, this study aims to provide for solid waste management problem by choosing the best locations for the establishment of sanitary landfills in the governorate. In this study, GIS （geographic information system） and MCDA （multi-criteria decision analysis） were used based on 17 environmental, economic and geological criteria converted to input digital map layers. These were urban centres, cemetery, airports, electrical power lines, oil pipes, railways, roads, slope, historical sites, main rivers, industrial areas, religion sites, wells, military area, electrical power plants, nature reserves and national borders to select most importance sites in the govemorate. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） method was used in weighting the criteria used. All layers＇ maps were graded from 0 （not suitable） to 5 （most suitable） using spatial information scale then SAW （simple additive weighting） method was integrated in GIS used to calculate the suitability index for the studied area. The results indicated that 4.4% of the study region is suitable for landfill siting with grading values greater than 4.0. This included five sites distributed in three qadhaas of governorate.
文摘In Najaf Govemorate, Iraq, there are five landfill sites. This study aims to rank these sites based on their criteria which are site capacity, land elevation and land price. AHP （analytic hierarchy process） method was used to weight the criteria and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution. Fuzzy TOPSIS （technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution） method was used to rank these sites from best to worst. Based on AHP method, the site capacity criterion was the most important than land price and land elevation.
