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城乡小学英语教学发展均衡性研究 被引量:2
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作者 胡和霞 《英语教师》 2016年第5期59-60,63,共3页
通过分析城乡小学英语教学水平发展不均衡的因素,提出造成城乡小学英语教育差距的原因包括经济发展水平不均衡、公共服务业发展不平等、师资力量分配不均匀、城乡教师对英语课程的思想认知不同等多个方面。缩小城乡小学英语教学水平差... 通过分析城乡小学英语教学水平发展不均衡的因素,提出造成城乡小学英语教育差距的原因包括经济发展水平不均衡、公共服务业发展不平等、师资力量分配不均匀、城乡教师对英语课程的思想认知不同等多个方面。缩小城乡小学英语教学水平差距除了国家加大对农村小学的财政投入力度外,还可通过提高农村小学英语教师素质、加强城乡英语教师之间的交流、积极运用信息技术手段等策略,实现城乡小学英语教学的均衡发展。 展开更多
关键词 小学英语教学 均衡性策略 城乡差距大
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Strategically supported cooperation in dynamic games with coalition structures 被引量:5
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作者 WANG Lei GAO HongWei +2 位作者 PETROSYAN Leon QIAO Han SEDAKOV Artem 《Science China Mathematics》 SCIE CSCD 2016年第5期1015-1028,共14页
The problem of strategic stability of long-range cooperative agreements in dynamic games with coalition structures is investigated. Based on imputation distribution procedures, a general theoretical framework of the d... The problem of strategic stability of long-range cooperative agreements in dynamic games with coalition structures is investigated. Based on imputation distribution procedures, a general theoretical framework of the differential game with a coalition structure is proposed. A few assumptions about the deviation instant for a coalition are made concerning the behavior of a group of many individuals in certain dynamic environments.From these, the time-consistent cooperative agreement can be strategically supported by ε-Nash or strong ε-Nash equilibria. While in games in the extensive form with perfect information, it is somewhat surprising that without the assumptions of deviation instant for a coalition, Nash or strong Nash equilibria can be constructed. 展开更多
关键词 cooperative game theory coalition structure strategic stability imputation distribution procedure deviation instant ε-Nash equilibrium strong ε-Nash equilibrium
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