超高温瞬时灭菌乳坏包污染源筛选方法

研究了超高温瞬时灭菌乳微生物鉴定的检测方法,通过对发生坏包的超高温瞬时灭菌产品采用直接培养检测、80℃和100℃处理后培养检测的三种方式进行微生物鉴定,来确认其污染工段,可初步定位。结果表明:该方法可以指导超高温瞬时灭菌乳污染源工段,适用于超高温瞬时灭菌乳企业进行产品污染工段的排查检测。

戏曲音乐·唱段

喝喊一声绑帐外张健民

Capacities and Failure Modes of Suction Bucket Foundation with Internal Bulkheads

Suction bucket foundations can be divided into four compartments by cruciform internal bulkheads,thereby yielding better capacity in certain conditions than those without internal bulkheads.As yet,no systematic study has been conducted regarding the effects of cruciform internal bulkheads on the capacities of suction bucket foundations.In this study,we established a large number of finite element models of suction bucket foundations with and without cruciform internal bulkheads and of solid embedded circular foundations.We found the uniaxial capacities and failure modes of suction bucket foundations with various depth ratios to remain basically unaffected by internal bulkheads in uniform clays.However,in inhomogeneous clay with high strength heterogeneity,we observed the uniaxial moment and horizontal capacities and corresponding failure modes of suction bucket foundations with a low depth ratio to be obviously affected by internal bulkheads.In this case,the uniaxial moment capacities,in particular,as well as the horizontal capacities of suction bucket foundations with cruciform internal bulkheads become obviously greater than those without internal bulkheads.Under combined loading,we found the failure envelopes of suction bucket foundations with and without cruciform internal bulkheads and of solid circular foundation to also be basically consistent in uniform clays.However,in inhomogeneous clay with high strength heterogeneity,cruciform internal bulkheads can obviously change the shapes of the failure envelopes of bucket foundations with a small depth ratio.We conclude that when the acting vertical load or foundation depth is relatively small,suction bucket foundations with cruciform internal bulkheads can be subjected to larger moment and horizontal loads in soft clays with high strength heterogeneity.

Effects of nonlinear strength parameters on stability of 3D soil slopes

Actual slope stability problems have three-dimensional(3D) characteristics and the soils of slopes have curved failure envelopes. This incorporates a power-law nonlinear failure criterion into the kinematic approach of limit analysis to conduct the evaluation of the stability of 3D slopes. A tangential technique is adopted to simplify the nonlinear failure criterion in the form of equivalent Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters. A class of 3D admissible rotational failure mechanisms is selected for soil slopes including three types of failure mechanisms: face failure, base failure, and toe failure. The upper-bound solutions and corresponding critical slip surfaces can be obtained by an efficient optimization method. The results indicate that the nonlinear parameters have significant influences on the assessment of slope stability, especially on the type of failure mechanism. The effects of nonlinear parameters appear to be pronounced for gentle slopes constrained to a narrow width. Compared with the solutions derived from plane-strain analysis, the 3D solutions are more sensitive to the values of nonlinear parameters.

Failure envelope of a caisson foundation under combined vertical,horizontal and moment loadings

To investigate the bearing capacity of a caisson foundation under combined vertical,horizontal and moment loadings,the three-dimensional finite element analyses of a circular caisson foundation in homogenous sandy soil subjected to combined loadings are conducted.The caisson model has a depth to breadth ratio equaling one,and a soil-caisson interface friction coefficientμ=0.3.First,the responses of caisson foundations under uniaxial vertical loading V,horizontal loading H and moment loading M are examined.Moreover,the responses of caisson foundations under combined vertical-horizontal V-H,vertical-moment V-M and horizontal-moment H-M load space are studied and presented using normalized failure envelopes generated by the load-controlled method.Subsequently,the bearing behavior of caisson foundations under combined vertical-horizontal-moment V-H-M load space,as well as the kinematic mechanisms accompanying the failure under uniaxial and combined loading,are addressed and presented for different vertical load ratios V/Vu.Finally,three equations that approximate the three-dimensional shape of the failure locus are proposed,which provides a convenient means of calculating the bearing capacity of a caisson foundation subjected to uniaxial and combined vertical,horizontal and moment loadings.

Controlling malignant pericardial effusion by intrapericardial administration of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor in patients with carcinoma

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of injecting recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor (rmhTNF) into pericardial cavity of carcinoma patients with malignant pericardial effusion. Methods: In 20 cases of malignant pericardial effusion, the intrapericardial catheter was inserted into pericardial cavity, and then rmhTNF of 1.5 × 107 U was infused. The infusion was repeated every 5-7 days with the total 4-6 times. If the effusion disappeared, rmhTNF was then used 2 more times and then the intrapericardial catheter was pulled out. Results: Of 20 patients, 14 were complete response (CR), 4 were partial response (PR) and 2 no change (NC). The disappearance of effusion in 6 cases lasted for more than 6 months. Conclusion: Injecting rmhTNF into pericardial cavity may be a better way to control malignant pericardial effusion and has mild side effects.

Fused empirical mode decomposition and wavelets for locating combined damage in a truss-type structure through vibration analysis

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a relevant topic for civil systems and involves the monitoring, data processing and interpretation to evaluate the condition of a structure, in order to detect damage. In real structures, two or more sites or types of damage can be present at the same time. It has been shown that one kind of damaged condition can interfere with the detection of another kind of damage, leading to an incorrect assessment about the structure condition. Identifying combined damage on structures still represents a challenge for condition monitoring, because the reliable identification of a combined damaged condition is a difficult task. Thus, this work presents a fusion of methodologies, where a single wavelet-packet and the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method are combined with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the automated and online identification-location of single or multiple-combined damage in a scaled model of a five-bay truss-type structure. Results showed that the proposed methodology is very efficient and reliable for identifying and locating the three kinds of damage, as well as their combinations. Therefore, this methodology could be applied to detection-location of damage in real truss-type structures, which would help to improve the characteristics and life span of real structures.

Imaging lexicon for acute pancreatitis:2012 Atlanta Classification revisited

The original 1992 Atlanta Classification Systemfor acute pancreatitis was revised in 2012 by the Atlanta Working Group,assisted by various national and international societies,through web-based consensus.This revised classification identifies two phases of acute pancreatitis:early and late.Acute pancreatitis can be either oedematous interstitial pancreatitis or necrotizing pancreatitis.Severity of the disease is categorized into three levels:mild,moderately severe and severe,depending upon organ failure and local/systemic complications.According to the type of pancreatitis,collections are further divided into acute peripancreatic fluid collection,pseudocyst,acute necrotic collection,and walled-off necrosis.Insight into the revised terminology is essential for accurate communication of imaging findings.In this review article,we will summarize the updated nomenclature and illustrate corresponding imaging findings using examples.

啤酒用糖浆中嗜酸耐热菌对发酵的影响及其添加过程中控制方法的研究

本文以从糖浆中分离所得的嗜酸耐热菌(TAB)为试验菌株,探究该试验菌株在啤酒发酵过程所产生影响以及在糖浆添加过程中有效的控制方法。结果表明,TAB在啤酒发酵过程中对酵母泥活性有所影响;糖浆添加方式建议为沉淀槽添加,在95℃以上保温1Omin方可完全杀灭TAB。

Removal of a broken guide wire entrapped in a fractured femoral neck

Guide wire plays an important role in the fixation of femoral neck fracture with dynamic hip screw （DHS）. Breakage of a guide wire during operation is a very rare condition. We met such a dilemma in DHS fixation of a 54-year-old male patient who sustained Garden type IV frac- ture of the right femoral neck. The distal end of the guide wire broke and was entrapped in the fractured femoral neck. We tried to get the broken part out by a cannulated drill. Reaming was started with the cannulated drill slowly rotat- ing arotmd the guide K-wire until the reamer fully contained the target under fluoroscope. A bone curette was used to get the broken wire out but failed, so we had to use the cannuated drill to dredge this bone tunnel. Finally the bro-ken wire end was taken out, mixed with blood and bone fragments. Through the existing drilling channel, DHS fixa- tion was easily finished. The patient had an uneventful re- covery without avascular necrosis of femoral head or non- union of the fracture at one year＇s follow-up. A few methods can be adopted to deal with the broken guide wire. The way used in our case is less invasive but technically challenging. When the guide wire is properly positioned, this method is very practical and useful.