油炸薯条需要具有明亮均匀的色泽,马铃薯生育期内块茎基部或顶部发生的末端糖化会使油炸薯条呈现出褐色末端。分析块茎中与末端糖化相关的成分含量和色泽参数,结合基因型和基因型与环境互作(genotype+genotype and environment interact...油炸薯条需要具有明亮均匀的色泽,马铃薯生育期内块茎基部或顶部发生的末端糖化会使油炸薯条呈现出褐色末端。分析块茎中与末端糖化相关的成分含量和色泽参数,结合基因型和基因型与环境互作(genotype+genotype and environment interactions,GGE)模型筛选抗末端糖化薯条加工型品种,为薯条加工型品种的选育和种植提供理论依据。选择综合农艺性状优良的8个品种(系)分别种植于2个不同生态类型区:河西灌区(永昌)和高寒阴湿区(渭源)。收获后分别储藏于常温(20℃)、低温(4℃),分别于15 d和60 d测定块茎基部与顶部的淀粉、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖和游离氨基酸含量。炸条后检测薯条基部和顶部色泽,评价块茎糖化末端类型。分析试点、品种、储藏条件及其互作效应对块茎末端糖化的影响,结合GGE模型分析参试品种(系)末端糖化的适应性和稳定性。结果表明,永昌试点中有6个品种(系)块茎出现基部和顶部末端糖化现象,其中5个基部糖化,1个顶部糖化。渭源试点中,9个品种(系)块茎出现基部和顶部末端糖化现象,其中4个基部糖化,5个顶部糖化。永昌试点品种(系)基部和顶部色差平均值低,末端糖化程度较低。方差分析表明,环境与互作效应是决定块茎顶部和基部末端糖化的首要因素,而在互作效应中,环境与基因型互作效应对末端糖化起决定作用。GGE模型表明,块茎基部成分含量具有比顶部更高的适应性,块茎蔗糖和游离氨基酸含量稳定性高于淀粉和还原糖。永昌试点适宜种植薯条加工型马铃薯,渭源试点对末端糖化的鉴别力更精确,常温储藏能更好鉴别块茎末端糖化,材料H0940具有末端糖化抗性,品种甘农薯7号是抗末端糖化的加工型品种。展开更多
In the years 2008-2010, a study on the quality of tubers grown in the two crop production systems, i.e., organic and integrated in two locations： Jadwisin--Central and Osiny--South-Eastern of Poland were conducted. T...In the years 2008-2010, a study on the quality of tubers grown in the two crop production systems, i.e., organic and integrated in two locations： Jadwisin--Central and Osiny--South-Eastern of Poland were conducted. The influence of such factors as the crop production system （organic and integrated）, the place of production （soil quality）, variety and years of research on the chemical composition, i.e., tuber dry matter, starch, vitamin C, nitrates and glycoalkaloids were tested. It has been found that the greatest impact on the chemical composition of tubers had the climatic conditions during the growing season and genotype. They affected the contents of all tested components. The place of production affected the contents of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and nitrates. This factor had no effect on the content of glycoalkaloids. The least effect on the chemical tubers composition was in crop production system. It only affected the contents of dry matter, starch and vitamin C. There was no significant effect of this factor on the nitrate and glycoalkaloids content.展开更多
文摘In the years 2008-2010, a study on the quality of tubers grown in the two crop production systems, i.e., organic and integrated in two locations： Jadwisin--Central and Osiny--South-Eastern of Poland were conducted. The influence of such factors as the crop production system （organic and integrated）, the place of production （soil quality）, variety and years of research on the chemical composition, i.e., tuber dry matter, starch, vitamin C, nitrates and glycoalkaloids were tested. It has been found that the greatest impact on the chemical composition of tubers had the climatic conditions during the growing season and genotype. They affected the contents of all tested components. The place of production affected the contents of dry matter, starch, vitamin C and nitrates. This factor had no effect on the content of glycoalkaloids. The least effect on the chemical tubers composition was in crop production system. It only affected the contents of dry matter, starch and vitamin C. There was no significant effect of this factor on the nitrate and glycoalkaloids content.
