关于二面角的平面角定位分析

空间角是立体几何中一个重要概念,它是空间图形的一个突出的量化指标,是空间图形位置关系的具体体现。解决立体几何问题的关键在于"三定":定性分析→定位作图→定量计算,其中定性是定位、定量的基础,而定量则是定位、定性的深化。在面面关系中,二面角是其中的重要概念之一,它的度量归结为平面上角的度量,一般来说,对其平面角的定位是问题解决的先决一步,故对二面角的平面角的定位是关键。

基于CAG三维重建与超声图像的数据融合研究

临床中,融合X射线造影图像和血管内超声图像可以辅助医生更好的对冠心病进行诊断。本研究在X射线造影系统中对导引丝和血管骨架分别三维重建的基础上,利用最佳垂平面法求得导引丝序列点的最佳切向量,首先对超声图像在导引丝上定位,然后根据造影图像与超声图像提供的导引丝和血管骨架的空间关系求得超声图像的偏心角,最后利用四元数法对超声图像在导引丝上进行准确的定向。通过临床数据进行实验表明了该方法的可行性。相对于传统的融合方法,该方法不仅实现了超声图像空间角度的确定,而且具有实现简单、计算速度快等特点。

ANALYSIS OF UN-COINCIDE COORDINATE ERROR IN SINGLE-AXIS ROTATING FIBER OPTIC STRAP-DOWN INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM

The un-coincide coordinate error in the single-axis rotating fiber optic strap-down inertial navigation system（SINS） is analyzed. Firstly, a rotating modulation technology is presented for SINS. The method provides the enhanced property of SINS when using the same-leveled inertial measurement units. Then, the rotating struc- ture modification is derived and augmented to resolve the un-modulated error-accumulated problem. As the insuf- ficient machine processing, the horizontal and the vertical errors on the machine surface are inevitable, and the in- volved coordinates are difficult to get the exact coincident. So, two major kinds of coordinate situation are stud- ied. The equivalent error models on gyro and acceleration outputs are built for each situation, and the impact is analyzed for compensation. The part of attitude and position error models caused by the built angle-rate error is established to calculate the un-eoincident impact. Considering these conditions of different gyro accuracy and mo- tion states simultaneously, numerical simulations are implemented. Results indicate that the SINS modulation ac- curacy is seriously affected by the combined factors on gyro accuracy and motion conditions.

Determination of Geopotential of Local Vertical Datum Surface

This paper first develops the approaches to determine the geopotential of the local mean sea level,and then investigates the offset of the 1985 vertical datum surface defined by the mean sea level of Yellow Sea at the Dagang Tide Gauge in Qingdao city using the developed approaches and GPS/leveling data.It shows that the geopotential of the local mean sea level at the tide gauge is equal to 62 636 853.5±0.2 m2·s -2 and that the 1985 vertical datum surface is 24.6±5.4 cm above the geoid realized by the geopotential W 0= 62 636 856.0±0.5 m2·s -2.

考虑孔隙波及特征的水驱理论采收率计算方法

特高含水期矿场开发实践证实,在水驱开发方式不变、平面和垂向波及系数极高的情况下,继续水驱仍可以较大幅度提高油藏采收率;而传统的理论采收率计算方法不能解释上述现象,也不能从理论上指导特高含水期进一步提高采收率的工作方向。从压汞、核磁共振检测和可视化微观驱油实验3个方面对岩石孔隙波及特征进行了分析,结果表明,驱替过程实际是孔隙波及程度不断增大的过程,在较小的驱替动力和注水倍数条件下无法波及的一些孔隙,随着驱替动力和注水倍数的增加,将进一步被波及进而参与渗流;随着驱替剂(水)的继续注入,已波及孔隙的波及范围不断增大。在此基础上提出孔隙波及系数的概念,即为波及区域内的被驱替剂(水)占据的体积与波及区域内的可动油体积之比,建立了引入孔隙波及系数的水驱理论采收率计算方法;其采收率为平面波及系数、垂向波及系数、孔隙波及系数和驱油效率的乘积,增大孔隙波及系数是特高含水期提高水驱采收率的主要方向。

Study on the relationship between ENSO and tropical Indian Ocean temperature

The relationship between ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole was discussed by using the data set of sea temperature from Scripps Institute of Oceanography, the air temperature at 1000hPa from the NCEP reanalysis data and the Nino3 index from the Climate Prediction Center （CPC） of U.S.A. during the period from 1955 to 2001. The results show that there exists a Dipole on the maximum temperature anomalous level （MTAL） in the Indian Ocean, which close relates to ENSO in the Pacific Ocean. During El Nino periods there are good relationships between ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole which maximum correlation occurring when ENSO leads by one month, but in La Nina periods the relationship is not so good. The distribution of Dipole in Indian Ocean is from northeast to southwest, which one （west） pole in 65°E - 75°E, 6°S - 10°S and the other in 85°E - 95°E, 2°N - 6°N, which is different from that defined by Saij. The correlation coefficients of Nino3 index with temperature anomalies in the west/east poles on the MTAL are over 0.4 - 0.15, respectively. It is a main sea temperature system in the tropical Indian Ocean. However, in the surface layer from sea surface to the depth of 20 m - 30 m there is no such a dipole with opposite sea temperature anomalies in the NE and SW of tropical Indian Ocean. The SSTA in the NE might be influenced by the sensible exchange process because the evolution of sea and 1 000 hPa air temperature anomaly time series of the NE of tropical Indian Ocean is quite similar except those during 1962 - 1963 and 1986. The periods of Indian Ocean Dipole are shorter than that of ENSO, and about 1 to 6-year.

Vertical-to-horizontal response spectral ratio for offshore ground motions:Analysis and simplified design equation

In order to study the differences in vertical component between onshore and offshore motions,the vertical-to-horizontal peak ground acceleration ratio(V/H PGA ratio) and vertical-to-horizontal response spectral ratio(V/H) were investigated using the ground motion recordings from the K-NET network and the seafloor earthquake measuring system(SEMS).The results indicate that the vertical component of offshore motions is lower than that of onshore motions.The V/H PGA ratio of acceleration time histories at offshore stations is about 50%of the ratio at onshore stations.The V/H for offshore ground motions is lower than that for onshore motions,especially for periods less than 0.8 s.Furthermore,based on the results in statistical analysis for offshore recordings in the K-NET,the simplified V/H design equations for offshore motions in minor and moderate earthquakes are proposed for seismic analysis of offshore structures.

Vertical section phase diagrams of La−Fe−B ternary system

The vertical sections of the La−Fe−B system were investigated using electron probe microanalysis and differential thermal analysis.Based on the microstructures and phase compositions of the as-cast and equilibrium alloys,together with their heat flow−temperature curves,phase diagrams for three vertical sections were drawn:La_(x)Fe_(82)B_(y)(x+y=18),La_(x)Fe_(70)B_(y)(x+y=30)and La_(x)Fe_(53)B_(y)(x+y=47),where x and y represent mass fraction of La and B,respectively,%.Additionally,according to the phase diagrams,the compound La2Fe14B was identified as a stable phase at high temperatures.It was found to be stable between 926.2 and 792.6℃;at low temperatures,however,it decomposed into α-La,α-Fe and LaFe_(4)B_(4),according to the reaction La_(2)Fe_(14)B→α-Fe+α-La+LaFe_(4)B_(4).

玉水硫铜矿矿井充水因素分析及防治对策

文中主要分析玉水硫铜矿矿井充水因素,掌握岩溶垂向和平面上的发育规律,对玉水硫铜矿的断层充水因素进行剖析,掌握矿井涌水的影响因素,提出在生产过程中的防治水对策。

Stresses induced by post-tensioned anchor in jointed rock mass

A new analytical study on stresses around a post-tensioned anchor in rocks with two perpendicular joint sets is presented. The assumptions of orthotropic elastic rock with plane strain conditions are made in derivation of the formulations. A tri-linear bond-slip constitutive law is used for modeling the tendon-grout interface behavior and debonding of this interface. The bearing plate width is also considered in the analysis. The obtained solutions are in the integral forms and numerical techniques that have been used for evaluation. In the illustrative example given, the major principal stress is compressive in the anchor free zone and compressive stress concentrations of 815 k Pa and 727 k Pa(for the anchor load of 300 k N) are observed under the bearing plate and the bond length proximal end, respectively. However, large values of tensile stresses with the maximum of-434 k Pa are formed at the bond length distal end. The results obtained using the proposed solution are compared very those of numerical method(FEM).

干涉现象中的实条纹和虚条纹

讨论了双缝干涉中的虚条纹现象，给出了实条纹和虚条纹的光程差之间的定量关系。

Improvement of the One-dimensional Vertical Advection-diffusion Model in Seawater

The classical 1-D vertical advection-diffusion model was improved in this work. The main advantages of the improved model over the previous one are: 1) The applicable condition of the 1-D model is made clear in the improved model, in that it is substantively applicable only to a vertical domain on which two end-member water masses are mixing. 2) The substitution of parameter f(z) in the equation of the classical 1-D model with end-member fraction f 1z makes the model more precisely and easily solved. 3) All the terms in the improved model equation have specific physical meanings, which makes the model easily understood. Practical application of the improved model to predict the vertical profiles of dissolved oxygen and micronutrients in abyssal ocean water of the North Pacific proved that the improvement of the 1-D advection-diffusion model is successful and practicable.

A preliminary research of a falling liquid film on a vertical wavy plane

The flow of a freely falling liquid film of low Reynolds number down a vertical long periodic sine-shaped wavy plate of small corrugations is researched theoretically. A model based on perturbation method and power series is presented. A stream function is introduced into the governing equations and two sets of equations describing the film flow separately at zeroth and first order are developed. The zeroth order equation is solved directly. The first order equations is solved at the leading approximation. Effect of parameters Re, M, λ and ε on the free surface wave of film is discussed.