By making the use of the processes which includes separating trash and solid materials from the wastewater-ammonia stripping tower-UASB-biological oxidation pond, we have treated the wastewater which comes from the sw...By making the use of the processes which includes separating trash and solid materials from the wastewater-ammonia stripping tower-UASB-biological oxidation pond, we have treated the wastewater which comes from the swine factory. The treated wastewater can meet the primary standard of The People＇s Republic of China based on sewage discharge standards and the wastewater treatment project design contract （GBl8596-2001）, and the effluent will be used as irrigation-water. We introduce this project including the quality of influent and effluent and the flow scheme, the statement of every part, the investment and the effect, etc. The operation indicated that this process has many merits such as the stability in operation-effect and the convenience in management. So it will provide some help for the similar wastewater treatment.展开更多
Bandung, adopted a policy to build Waste to Energy （WTE） systems with a combustion capacity of 500 tons/day. WTE technologies will burn waste that is fed and utilized energy generated to be converted into electrical...Bandung, adopted a policy to build Waste to Energy （WTE） systems with a combustion capacity of 500 tons/day. WTE technologies will burn waste that is fed and utilized energy generated to be converted into electrical energy. This technology has the potential to reduce the volume of waste more effectively, but WTE also emit various harmful contaminants, including Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans （PCDF） and Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins （PCDDs）. WTE equipped with air pollution control, so that the emission of harmful contaminants can be controlled and detected continuously. This study only discusses contaminants PCDF and PCDDs, and the effect of air pollution control work against public health risks. In this study, the efficiency of air pollution control is assumed at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 99%, while the public health risk assessment carried out for the projected 15 years into the future. Public health risk assessment carried out by the calculation of the health risk of carcinogenic （liver cancer）. A causal relationship between the independent variable efficiency of air pollution control with one dependent variable number of liver cancer patients, obtained the simple linear regression equation Y = 76.4592 - 0.7692X.展开更多
This article reviews the literature on thermochemical processing of municipal solid waste as the final disposal in Brazil, explores recent publications in the field of solid waste generated, its origin, characteristic...This article reviews the literature on thermochemical processing of municipal solid waste as the final disposal in Brazil, explores recent publications in the field of solid waste generated, its origin, characteristics and removal mechanisms currently employed, in the same way, available technologies for the thermochemical treatment of MSW with an emphasis on gasification and clean technology are evaluated, highlighting the current technical and reported in the literature in order to identify indicators of efficiency and flexibility of the technology. From the review it is concluded that gasification is a technically feasible option for the thermochemical conversion of municipal solid waste and subsequent power generation, besides being a technology that meets the applicable emission limits. Some of the main advantages of gasification of municipal solid waste are： （a） the sharp reduction in the waste mass （about 70-80%） and volume （approximately 80-90%）; （b） the drastic reduction in land use, 1：3000; （c） destruction of organic pollutants and other halogenated hydrocarbons; （d） concentration and immobilisation of inorganic contaminants so that they can be used effectively and safely removed; （e） use recyclables, such as ferrous metals, ferrous ash and slag materials; （f） reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste and （g） power generation.展开更多
Biogas fuel is a sustainable and renewable fuel produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. The biogas fuel is a flammable mixture of methane and carbon dioxide with low to medium calorific values. Biogas is ...Biogas fuel is a sustainable and renewable fuel produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. The biogas fuel is a flammable mixture of methane and carbon dioxide with low to medium calorific values. Biogas is an alternative to conventional fossil fuels and can be used for beating, transportation and power generation. CFD （computational fluid dynamic） analysis of the combustion performance and emissions of biogas fuel in gas turbine engines is presented in this study. The main objective of this study is to understand the impact of the variability in the biogas fuel compositions and lower heating values on the combustion process. Natural gas, biogas from anaerobic digester, landfill biogas, and natural gas/biogas mixture fuels combustion were investigated in this study. The CFD results show lower peak flame temperature and CO mole fractions inside the combustor and lower NOx emissions at the combustor exit for the biogas compared to natural gas fuel. The peak flame temperature decreases by 37% for the biogas landfill （COJCH4 = 0.89） and by 22% for the biogas anaerobic digester （CO2/CH4 = 0.54） compared to natural gas fuel combustion. The peak CO mole fraction inside the combustor decreases from 9.8 × 10-2 for natural gas fuel to 2.22 × 10-4 for biogas anaerobic digester and 1.32 × 10-7 for biogas landfill. The average NOx mole fraction at the combustor exit decreases from 1.13 × 10-5 for natural gas fuel to 0.40 × 10-6 for biogas anaerobic digester and 1.06 × 10-6 for biogas landfill. The presence of non-combustible constituents in the biogas reduces the temperature of the flame and consequently the NOx emissions.展开更多
The SO2 emission characteristics of typical Msw components and their mixtures have been investigated in a φ150mm fluidized bed. Some influencing factors of SO2 emission in MSW fluidized bed incinerator were found out...The SO2 emission characteristics of typical Msw components and their mixtures have been investigated in a φ150mm fluidized bed. Some influencing factors of SO2 emission in MSW fluidized bed incinerator were found out in this study. The SO2 emission is increasing with the growth of the bed temperature, and it is rising with the increasing oxygen concentration at furnace exit. When the weight percentage of auxiliary coal is being raised, the conversion rate of S to SO2 is largely going up. The SO2 emission decreases if the desulfurizing agent （CaCO3） is added during the incineration process, but the desulfurizing efficiency is weakened with the enhancement of the bed temperature. The fuel moisture content has a slight effect on the SO2 emission. Based on these experimental results, a 12 × 6 × 1 three-layer BP neural networks prediction model of SO2 emission in MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator was built. The prediction results of this model give good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that the model has relatively high accuracy and good generalization ability. It was found that BP neural network is an effectual method used to predict the SO2 emission of MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator.展开更多
文摘By making the use of the processes which includes separating trash and solid materials from the wastewater-ammonia stripping tower-UASB-biological oxidation pond, we have treated the wastewater which comes from the swine factory. The treated wastewater can meet the primary standard of The People＇s Republic of China based on sewage discharge standards and the wastewater treatment project design contract （GBl8596-2001）, and the effluent will be used as irrigation-water. We introduce this project including the quality of influent and effluent and the flow scheme, the statement of every part, the investment and the effect, etc. The operation indicated that this process has many merits such as the stability in operation-effect and the convenience in management. So it will provide some help for the similar wastewater treatment.
文摘Bandung, adopted a policy to build Waste to Energy （WTE） systems with a combustion capacity of 500 tons/day. WTE technologies will burn waste that is fed and utilized energy generated to be converted into electrical energy. This technology has the potential to reduce the volume of waste more effectively, but WTE also emit various harmful contaminants, including Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans （PCDF） and Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins （PCDDs）. WTE equipped with air pollution control, so that the emission of harmful contaminants can be controlled and detected continuously. This study only discusses contaminants PCDF and PCDDs, and the effect of air pollution control work against public health risks. In this study, the efficiency of air pollution control is assumed at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90% and 99%, while the public health risk assessment carried out for the projected 15 years into the future. Public health risk assessment carried out by the calculation of the health risk of carcinogenic （liver cancer）. A causal relationship between the independent variable efficiency of air pollution control with one dependent variable number of liver cancer patients, obtained the simple linear regression equation Y = 76.4592 - 0.7692X.
文摘This article reviews the literature on thermochemical processing of municipal solid waste as the final disposal in Brazil, explores recent publications in the field of solid waste generated, its origin, characteristics and removal mechanisms currently employed, in the same way, available technologies for the thermochemical treatment of MSW with an emphasis on gasification and clean technology are evaluated, highlighting the current technical and reported in the literature in order to identify indicators of efficiency and flexibility of the technology. From the review it is concluded that gasification is a technically feasible option for the thermochemical conversion of municipal solid waste and subsequent power generation, besides being a technology that meets the applicable emission limits. Some of the main advantages of gasification of municipal solid waste are： （a） the sharp reduction in the waste mass （about 70-80%） and volume （approximately 80-90%）; （b） the drastic reduction in land use, 1：3000; （c） destruction of organic pollutants and other halogenated hydrocarbons; （d） concentration and immobilisation of inorganic contaminants so that they can be used effectively and safely removed; （e） use recyclables, such as ferrous metals, ferrous ash and slag materials; （f） reducing emissions of greenhouse gases by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste and （g） power generation.
文摘Biogas fuel is a sustainable and renewable fuel produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. The biogas fuel is a flammable mixture of methane and carbon dioxide with low to medium calorific values. Biogas is an alternative to conventional fossil fuels and can be used for beating, transportation and power generation. CFD （computational fluid dynamic） analysis of the combustion performance and emissions of biogas fuel in gas turbine engines is presented in this study. The main objective of this study is to understand the impact of the variability in the biogas fuel compositions and lower heating values on the combustion process. Natural gas, biogas from anaerobic digester, landfill biogas, and natural gas/biogas mixture fuels combustion were investigated in this study. The CFD results show lower peak flame temperature and CO mole fractions inside the combustor and lower NOx emissions at the combustor exit for the biogas compared to natural gas fuel. The peak flame temperature decreases by 37% for the biogas landfill （COJCH4 = 0.89） and by 22% for the biogas anaerobic digester （CO2/CH4 = 0.54） compared to natural gas fuel combustion. The peak CO mole fraction inside the combustor decreases from 9.8 × 10-2 for natural gas fuel to 2.22 × 10-4 for biogas anaerobic digester and 1.32 × 10-7 for biogas landfill. The average NOx mole fraction at the combustor exit decreases from 1.13 × 10-5 for natural gas fuel to 0.40 × 10-6 for biogas anaerobic digester and 1.06 × 10-6 for biogas landfill. The presence of non-combustible constituents in the biogas reduces the temperature of the flame and consequently the NOx emissions.
基金The financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China （under project No.59836210） is acknowledged.
文摘The SO2 emission characteristics of typical Msw components and their mixtures have been investigated in a φ150mm fluidized bed. Some influencing factors of SO2 emission in MSW fluidized bed incinerator were found out in this study. The SO2 emission is increasing with the growth of the bed temperature, and it is rising with the increasing oxygen concentration at furnace exit. When the weight percentage of auxiliary coal is being raised, the conversion rate of S to SO2 is largely going up. The SO2 emission decreases if the desulfurizing agent （CaCO3） is added during the incineration process, but the desulfurizing efficiency is weakened with the enhancement of the bed temperature. The fuel moisture content has a slight effect on the SO2 emission. Based on these experimental results, a 12 × 6 × 1 three-layer BP neural networks prediction model of SO2 emission in MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator was built. The prediction results of this model give good agreement with the experimental results, which indicates that the model has relatively high accuracy and good generalization ability. It was found that BP neural network is an effectual method used to predict the SO2 emission of MSW/coal co-fired fluidized bed incinerator.
