The production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage, the precursor for production of biodegradable plastics is described in detail. The influence of temperature on the lactic acid concentration, sugar concentration, an...The production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage, the precursor for production of biodegradable plastics is described in detail. The influence of temperature on the lactic acid concentration, sugar concentration, and decrement of garbage were evaluated through experiments. Fermentation were carried out in an incubator at 5, 25, 37 and 50 ℃. The latic acid produced was maximum at initial pH 6.0 and 37 ℃, i.e. 38 g/L with a yield of 0.23 g/gVS. It is concluded from the experimental results that temperature has quite a considerable effect on the production of lactic acid; lactic acid concentration increases with temperature until 37 ℃, and production rate of lactic acid drops at 50 ℃; the optimal fermentation is 37 ℃. This study shows that production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage is feasible and reduction of garbage can be realized.展开更多
This paper introduces landfill site of Chuzhou domestic waste, to which the improved anaerobic hygienic burying technology is applied. Chuzhou City, situated between Yangtze River and Huai River, is a window city in t...This paper introduces landfill site of Chuzhou domestic waste, to which the improved anaerobic hygienic burying technology is applied. Chuzhou City, situated between Yangtze River and Huai River, is a window city in the east of Anhui Province. A landfill site with a capacity of 400 ton per day is to be constructed according to the city development plan and the garbage amount, This paper summarizes the landfill location, landform, groundwater, surface water, landfill stratal configuration, dominant wind, and the major machinery equipment. The projects of anti-percolation, seepage collection, seepage disposal, rainwater discharge, biogas diversion are deeply studied. The advanced design principle of the landfills is summarized, which is environment-friendly, science-oriented and economy-based. Environment-friendly principle is implemented in the selection of landfill location, construction of all projects, sealing up project and perfecting environment monitoring system; science-oriented principle prescribes that the design, construction, and management should be science-oriented; the selection of landfill location, design, plan optimization, resource-saving measures and comprehensive utilization should be economy-based Chuzhou domestic waste landfill site is qualified as a goiden model in this paper.展开更多
General as well as the municipal solid waste （MSW） management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutio...General as well as the municipal solid waste （MSW） management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutions for MSW management and sustainable alternative approaches with an emphasis on an integrated MSW management. Information of waste in Thailand is also given at the beginning of this paper for better understanding of later contents. It is clear that no one single method of MSW disposal can deal with all materials in an environmentally sustainable way. As such, a suitable approach in MSW management should be an integrated approach that could deliver both environmental and economic sustainability. With increasing environmental concerns, the integrated MSW management system has a potential to maximize the useable waste materials as well as produce energy as a by-product. In Thailand, the compositions of waste （86%） are mainly organic waste, paper, plastic, glass and metal. As a result, the waste in Thailand is suitable for an integrated MSW management. Currently, the Thai national waste management policy starts to encourage the local administrations to gather into clusters, to establish central MSW disposal facilities with suitable technologies and reducing the disposal cost based on the amount of MSW generated.展开更多
文摘The production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage, the precursor for production of biodegradable plastics is described in detail. The influence of temperature on the lactic acid concentration, sugar concentration, and decrement of garbage were evaluated through experiments. Fermentation were carried out in an incubator at 5, 25, 37 and 50 ℃. The latic acid produced was maximum at initial pH 6.0 and 37 ℃, i.e. 38 g/L with a yield of 0.23 g/gVS. It is concluded from the experimental results that temperature has quite a considerable effect on the production of lactic acid; lactic acid concentration increases with temperature until 37 ℃, and production rate of lactic acid drops at 50 ℃; the optimal fermentation is 37 ℃. This study shows that production of lactic acid from kitchen garbage is feasible and reduction of garbage can be realized.
文摘This paper introduces landfill site of Chuzhou domestic waste, to which the improved anaerobic hygienic burying technology is applied. Chuzhou City, situated between Yangtze River and Huai River, is a window city in the east of Anhui Province. A landfill site with a capacity of 400 ton per day is to be constructed according to the city development plan and the garbage amount, This paper summarizes the landfill location, landform, groundwater, surface water, landfill stratal configuration, dominant wind, and the major machinery equipment. The projects of anti-percolation, seepage collection, seepage disposal, rainwater discharge, biogas diversion are deeply studied. The advanced design principle of the landfills is summarized, which is environment-friendly, science-oriented and economy-based. Environment-friendly principle is implemented in the selection of landfill location, construction of all projects, sealing up project and perfecting environment monitoring system; science-oriented principle prescribes that the design, construction, and management should be science-oriented; the selection of landfill location, design, plan optimization, resource-saving measures and comprehensive utilization should be economy-based Chuzhou domestic waste landfill site is qualified as a goiden model in this paper.
文摘General as well as the municipal solid waste （MSW） management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutions for MSW management and sustainable alternative approaches with an emphasis on an integrated MSW management. Information of waste in Thailand is also given at the beginning of this paper for better understanding of later contents. It is clear that no one single method of MSW disposal can deal with all materials in an environmentally sustainable way. As such, a suitable approach in MSW management should be an integrated approach that could deliver both environmental and economic sustainability. With increasing environmental concerns, the integrated MSW management system has a potential to maximize the useable waste materials as well as produce energy as a by-product. In Thailand, the compositions of waste （86%） are mainly organic waste, paper, plastic, glass and metal. As a result, the waste in Thailand is suitable for an integrated MSW management. Currently, the Thai national waste management policy starts to encourage the local administrations to gather into clusters, to establish central MSW disposal facilities with suitable technologies and reducing the disposal cost based on the amount of MSW generated.
