沃尔夫思想的新探索——认知语言观

从语言学理论的历史现状看,当代认知语言学的一些基本观点在沃尔夫思想中已有体现,但语言学界只对"萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说"较为熟悉,很少有人论及沃尔夫的认知语言学思想。文章对沃尔夫的语言理论进行了梳理和再探索,认为沃尔夫思想中存在着明显的认知语言观,主要表现在经验观、文化观和型式观三个方面。沃尔夫的语言观与认知语言学非常接近,他是当代认知语言学思潮的先驱人物之一。

Post-Crisis Remodeling of the Economy for the Sustainable Growth of South Eastern European （SEE） Countries

Every bigger economic crisis, as the current one, to separate national economies as well. However, leaves behind a huge material damage to the world economy and such crises remind national authorities of the mistakes done in the past while creating and running macroeconomic policy and teach them how they should overcome these crises in the upcoming period. The economic growth model of the selected South Eastern European （SEE） economies （Albania, Bosnia, Macedonia, Serbia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria, and Montenegro） during pre-global economic crisis was based mainly on foreign demand and capital inflows which created big external imbalances in those countries. It was the main reason why those countries were exposed to big vulnerability of external shocks. But, the crisis reshapes the world economic map. Competition on world markets gets new forms and players. The lessons learnt from economic crisis say that there is a need for revising the pre-crisis economic growth model in the selected countries as they are less vulnerable to external shocks. New economic model will enable their long-lasting and more sustainable economic growth in the future. One approach of remodeling their economy is presented in this paper. The main finding of this research is that instead of experiencing external ＂push＂ factors for economic growth by the governments, a promotion of internal resources is needed in order to enable ＂the catching up＂ process of these countries to continue. But, all those countries are members or candidates for becoming European Union （EU） members. That means there is no room for application on entirely new economy growth model, since those countries have to create economic model which has to be convergent to the EU one. There must be different approaches by individual countries in remodeling their economies. The findings of this survey are intended to remind the policy makers of the selected SEE countries of the mistakes they made before and during the economic crisis and the need and directions for remodeling their economies in the post-crises period that will enable their long-lasting and more sustainable economic growth in the future. The position assumed for this research is interpretative using qualitative methods of research. In order to ensure comparability among results, the proposed methodological design will be multiple-case study research on the selected SEE economies.

f(T) Non-linear Massive Gravity and the Cosmic Acceleration

Inspired by the f（R） non-linear massive gravity, we propose a new kind of modified gravity model, namely f（T） non-linear massive gravity, by adding the dRGT mass term reformulated in the vierbein formalism, to the f（T） theory. We then investigate the cosmological evolution of f（T） massive gravity, and constrain it by using the latest observational data. We find that it slightly favors a crossing of the phantom divide line from the quintessence-like phase （wae 〉 -1） to the phantom-like one （wae 〈 -1） as redshiff decreases.

Estimation in the polynomial errors-in-variables model

Estimators are presented for the coefficients of the polynomial errors-in-variables (EV) model when replicated observations are taken at some experimental points. These estimators are shown to be strongly consistent under mild conditions.

A test of an early-type contact binary model by comparing the relations obtained from theory with those from observations

Contact binary systems,including massive,middle-mass and low-mass systems,have been observed.It is necessary to construct the evolutionary model for contact binary systems with all different masses.The model introduced by Huang,Song and Bi indicates some special and unique understandings of the physical processes occurring in the contact binaries.It is necessary to test whether this model can be applied to the early-type contact binaries.The best way to test a theoretical model is to know whether this model can explain the observational phenomena of such binaries.For this aim,a comparison is performed for the relations of mass-luminosity,mass-radius,and the distribution in the HR diagram obtained from the model introduced by Huang et al.and those from the astronomical observations.A good result is obtained by the comparison.This means the model can be used in calculating the evolution of early-type contact binaries,and can explain the observational phenomena of such binaries.

An empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound： Combining observed and unobserved behavior

Understanding the movement of animals is fundamental to population and community ecology. Historically, it has been difficult to quantify movement patterns of most fishes, but technological advances in acoustic telemetry have increased our abilities to monitor their movement. In this study, we combined small-scale active acoustic tracking with large-scale passive acoustic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound, WA, USA. We began by testing whether a correlated random walk model described the daily movement of sixgills; however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this behavior and used the resultant model （a biased random walk model） to determine whether daily movement patterns are able to explain large-scale seasonal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-scale pat- terns of movement observed in the passive monitoring data. In order to create the large-scale patterns, sixgills must have per- formed behaviors （large, fast directed movements） that were unobserved during small-scale active tracking. In addition, seasonal shifts in location were not captured by the dally model. We added these ＇unobserved＇ behaviors to the model and were able to capture large-scale seasonal movement of sixgill sharks over 150 days. The development of empirical models of movement al- lows researchers to develop hypotheses and test mechanisms responsible for a species movement behavior and spatial distribution. This knowledge will increase our ability to successfully manage species of concern [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 103-115, 2012].

Multi-scale finite element analysis of chloride diffusion in concrete incorporating paste/aggregate ITZs

In this paper,we propose a concurrent multi-scale finite element(FE) model coupling equations of the degree of freedoms of meso-scale model of ITZs and macroscopic model of bulk pastes.The multi-scale model is subsequently implemented and integrated into ABAQUS resulting in easy application to complex concrete structures.A few benchmark numerical examples are performed to test both the accuracy and efficiency of the developed model in analyzing chloride diffusion in concrete.These examples clearly demonstrate that high diffusivity of ITZs,primarily because of its porous microstructure,tends to accelerate chloride penetration along concentration gradient.The proposed model provides new guidelines for the durability analysis of concrete structures under adverse operating conditions.