数字普惠金融发展对我国城乡收入差距影响的实证研究

数字普惠金融由数字技术与普惠金融结合而诞生,其数字化及普惠性能够有效缓解金融排斥效应,有助于缩小城乡收入差距。本文通过文献梳理和理论分析研究数字普惠金融对城乡收入差距的影响机制,选取2011-2018年省级面板数据,运用计量模型对两者关系进行实证研究,研究表明:总体上数字普惠金融发展对缩小城乡收入差距具有显著作用;数字普惠金融的覆盖广度及数字化程度在其中发挥重要作用;相比于东部和西部地区,数字普惠金融对我国中部地区城乡收入差距的缩减效应更为显著。因此,数字普惠金融应追求更全面丰富的金融服务,协调好数字普惠金融对缩小城乡收入差距的稳定推动力,实现城乡间均衡发展。

金融非均衡发展对城乡收入差距影响的实证研究

本文基于2002年至2008年中国大陆28个省(市)的面板数据,采用广义矩估计(GMM)研究金融非均衡发展对城乡收入差距影响。实证结果表明,城乡金融非均衡发展拉大了城乡居民收入差距。从库茨涅茨效应角度分析认为,金融非均衡发展对城乡收入差距影响将经历两个阶段。第一阶段,发展中国家整体金融资源配置不均等,金融发展伴随收入差距拉大;第二阶段,发展中国家整体金融发展缩小城乡收入差距,根源在于农村金融体系逐步完善,城乡金融发展逐步回归均衡,资源配置进一步优化。当前政府正着手于重构农村金融体系,可以预期,金融非均衡发展对收入分配的影响将有望得到改善。

Research on Financial Support of New Countryside Construction in China

The cpc＇s 13th Five-Year comprehensive plan put forward a major historic task of building a new socialist countryside. This is the comprehensive implementation of urban and rural development to increase industrial agriculture, move the city to support the countryside, accelerate urbanization and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas. To solve the ＂three rural issues＂, the comprehensive construction ofa well-offsociety, has a very important strategic role to ease the contradiction of China＇s rural and urban ecnomic structure. In the process of building a new socialist countryside, the financial policy, as an important means ofmacroeconomic regulation and control, should play a leading role in solving the effective allocation ＆funds. Due to various factors affected by the current supply of rural financial market constraints, system defects and environmental constraints, there is a large gap between the level of the existing rural financial services and the requirements of the new rural construction which is to be improved urgently.