By focusing on Guangzhou, this paper examines how different concepts of city in terms of urban-rural relationships are shaped in transforming China since 1949, and explores how they influence the way in which urban pl...By focusing on Guangzhou, this paper examines how different concepts of city in terms of urban-rural relationships are shaped in transforming China since 1949, and explores how they influence the way in which urban planning are practiced. In the pre-reform era, the city was defined as a productive space under the system of urban-rural segregation established for securing rapid industrialization. Urban planning was thus only concerned with the development of urban areas. In the 1980 s and 1990 s after the reform, institutional change and economic transformation mobilized the urban-rural linkages. The development of suburban areas was then considered by urban planning, but this consideration was a passive response to urban problems such as population explosion and water resources protection. Since the new millennium, the agenda for sustainable development and problems of uneven urban-rural development have called for the development of urban-rural integration. In this context, the city is conceptualized as a complex of mountain, city, river, farmland and sea, reconstructing the ideology of urban-rural division in defining urban development. Urban planning has therefore sought in an active way to develop a sustainable city embracing rural and natural elements, and to balance economic growth and environmental protection. It is argued that developing the concept of city as a complex of urban and rural elements contributes to the urban planning for sustainable urban development, while this conceptualization relies on the recognition of the integrated urban-rural relationship.展开更多
This paper probes into the establishment of ecological city of Mianyang and directive thoughts,measures, and countermoves are put forward based on analyzing the current situation about ecological environment of Mianya...This paper probes into the establishment of ecological city of Mianyang and directive thoughts,measures, and countermoves are put forward based on analyzing the current situation about ecological environment of MianyangCity.展开更多
Abstract： The Bogota Savannah was great Lake Humboldt 20,000 years ago. In the early 20th century, there were 50,000 ha of wetlands in Bogotá, but now this area has reduced to around 800 ha, due principally to h...Abstract： The Bogota Savannah was great Lake Humboldt 20,000 years ago. In the early 20th century, there were 50,000 ha of wetlands in Bogotá, but now this area has reduced to around 800 ha, due principally to human activities like industry, city-planning expansion, and agriculture. Actually, there are 13 wetlands and two lakes in Bogotá. SW （Salitre wetland） is an aquatic area that contains migratory and resident bird＇s species. Around this wetland, there are some urbanization and recreational areas that affect this natural habitat. Due to city-planning expansion, the city government wanted to build a great area to perform massive public events on the Salitre area. From June 2009 to June 2010, the researchers have made bird monitoring and recorded the SW as a very important habitat for birds; they demonstrated that this site offered them food and protection. Migratory species like Dendroica striata, Porzana carolina, Porphyrio martinica, Actitis macularia, Piranga rubra, Contopus cooperi and Contopus virens, inhabit this area. Most of the birds in SW use the area primarily for feeding and roosting, and the authors have recorded presence of eggs and chicks. In this way, the authors have demonstrated that this area is very important for migratory and resident birds. Currently, SW is in process to be officially designated as a wetland after many efforts. However, conservation and educational efforts should be taken into consideration for the protection and conservation of this wetland.展开更多
Urban remnant natural area (URNA), located in the urban or suburb area, less disturbed by dwellers in the process of urbanization, is an important part of complex urban ecosystem and provides significant opportunity f...Urban remnant natural area (URNA), located in the urban or suburb area, less disturbed by dwellers in the process of urbanization, is an important part of complex urban ecosystem and provides significant opportunity for urban sustainable development. Despite that there is a considerable amount of scientific researches on the urban nature in urban and suburb area, the comprehensive research of URNA is still rare. After analyzing the concept and value of URNA, this paper presented a methodology for comprehensive evaluation of URNA by adopting methods of document analysis, prior-selection process, analytic hierarchy process and vector resemblance-degree. As a result, the comprehensive evaluation index of URNA includes target level A, rule level B(ecological environment value, ecological recreation value, social culture value, scientific research value), index level C( diversity,singularity,nature,area,stability,recreation,landscape element,aesthetics,history,scientific), and index level D(20 items). Each index weight of comprehensive evaluation system of URNA of Shanghai was confirmed finally.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of Program of International Cooperation and Exchanges of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41320104001)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41130747)
文摘By focusing on Guangzhou, this paper examines how different concepts of city in terms of urban-rural relationships are shaped in transforming China since 1949, and explores how they influence the way in which urban planning are practiced. In the pre-reform era, the city was defined as a productive space under the system of urban-rural segregation established for securing rapid industrialization. Urban planning was thus only concerned with the development of urban areas. In the 1980 s and 1990 s after the reform, institutional change and economic transformation mobilized the urban-rural linkages. The development of suburban areas was then considered by urban planning, but this consideration was a passive response to urban problems such as population explosion and water resources protection. Since the new millennium, the agenda for sustainable development and problems of uneven urban-rural development have called for the development of urban-rural integration. In this context, the city is conceptualized as a complex of mountain, city, river, farmland and sea, reconstructing the ideology of urban-rural division in defining urban development. Urban planning has therefore sought in an active way to develop a sustainable city embracing rural and natural elements, and to balance economic growth and environmental protection. It is argued that developing the concept of city as a complex of urban and rural elements contributes to the urban planning for sustainable urban development, while this conceptualization relies on the recognition of the integrated urban-rural relationship.
文摘This paper probes into the establishment of ecological city of Mianyang and directive thoughts,measures, and countermoves are put forward based on analyzing the current situation about ecological environment of MianyangCity.
文摘Abstract： The Bogota Savannah was great Lake Humboldt 20,000 years ago. In the early 20th century, there were 50,000 ha of wetlands in Bogotá, but now this area has reduced to around 800 ha, due principally to human activities like industry, city-planning expansion, and agriculture. Actually, there are 13 wetlands and two lakes in Bogotá. SW （Salitre wetland） is an aquatic area that contains migratory and resident bird＇s species. Around this wetland, there are some urbanization and recreational areas that affect this natural habitat. Due to city-planning expansion, the city government wanted to build a great area to perform massive public events on the Salitre area. From June 2009 to June 2010, the researchers have made bird monitoring and recorded the SW as a very important habitat for birds; they demonstrated that this site offered them food and protection. Migratory species like Dendroica striata, Porzana carolina, Porphyrio martinica, Actitis macularia, Piranga rubra, Contopus cooperi and Contopus virens, inhabit this area. Most of the birds in SW use the area primarily for feeding and roosting, and the authors have recorded presence of eggs and chicks. In this way, the authors have demonstrated that this area is very important for migratory and resident birds. Currently, SW is in process to be officially designated as a wetland after many efforts. However, conservation and educational efforts should be taken into consideration for the protection and conservation of this wetland.
文摘Urban remnant natural area (URNA), located in the urban or suburb area, less disturbed by dwellers in the process of urbanization, is an important part of complex urban ecosystem and provides significant opportunity for urban sustainable development. Despite that there is a considerable amount of scientific researches on the urban nature in urban and suburb area, the comprehensive research of URNA is still rare. After analyzing the concept and value of URNA, this paper presented a methodology for comprehensive evaluation of URNA by adopting methods of document analysis, prior-selection process, analytic hierarchy process and vector resemblance-degree. As a result, the comprehensive evaluation index of URNA includes target level A, rule level B(ecological environment value, ecological recreation value, social culture value, scientific research value), index level C( diversity,singularity,nature,area,stability,recreation,landscape element,aesthetics,history,scientific), and index level D(20 items). Each index weight of comprehensive evaluation system of URNA of Shanghai was confirmed finally.
