经济发达地区城市建设用地利用效益评价——以广东省为例

随着城镇化和工业化进程的加快，城乡用地供求矛盾更加突出，实施建设用地节约集约利用是缓解这一矛盾的有效途径之一，因此，研究城市建设用地利用效益具有重要的现实意义。以广东省为例，从经济、社会、生态效益3个方面选取16个评价指标，采用多因素加权综合评价法和熵值法对广东省2000～2013年建设用地利用效益进行评价。结果表明：（1）广东省城市建设用地利用效益变化规律比较明显，经济效益和综合效益先缓慢下降后快速增长，生态效益逐年提高，而社会效益逐年下降，两者对综合效益的正负影响大致相抵；（2）经济效益的贡献率最大且远远超过社会效益和生态效益；（3）地均城市建设资金投入、地均财政收入、路网密度、地均拥有中小学数量和城市污水处理率5个指标影响显著，其他指标影响不显著。针对研究结果，提出了提高广东省城市建设用地利用效益的政策和建议。

基于三阶段DEA模型的云南省城市建设用地利用效率分析

城市建设用地资源短缺,建设用地资源浪费、土地闲置状况和利用率偏低已成为制约地区经济发展的关键性因素。因此,客观评价建设用地的利用效率显得尤为重要。该文以云南省各州市2017年城市建设用地利用情况为研究对象进行了三阶段DEA模型分析,得到除环境因素以及随机因素影响外效率值,并对比分析了云南省16个州市城市建设用地利用效率的变化。结果表明:云南省城市建设用地利用效率情况较好,资源配置较合理,非DEA有效由纯技术效益及规模效益不足导致,部分城市投入冗余或产出不足,资源配置不合理;部分城市规模效益低,产业结构需优化。因此,今后需合理规划城市建设用地,控制用地规模和指标,争取更大的产出和效率的最优化。

2010-2019年广西城市建设用地多功能利用与城市高质量发展耦合协调度评价

探讨广西壮族自治区城市建设用地多功能利用与城市高质量发展的耦合协调程度及其时空规律,更好地为广西城市发展用地合理布局提供借鉴。基于熵权TOPSIS法评价广西14个地市2010—2019年城市建设用地多功能利用和城市高质量发展水平,运用耦合协调度模型、相对发展模型及空间自相关分析方法定量分析两者之间的时空分异格局。结果表明:时间上城市建设用地多功能利用水平与城市高质量发展程度总体呈平稳上升趋势,各市均有不同程度波动,耦合协调发展度经历“严重失调→极度协调”的发展历程;空间格局上,呈现出“桂西和桂东濒临失衡-桂中一般协调-桂南中级协调-桂北高级协调”的总体特征,各地区之间差异明显,广西各市之间莫兰指数为负值,受相邻地市影响不大。城市建设用地多功能利用与城市高质量发展密切相关,未来要始终围绕经济及五大发展理念,充分发挥地区优势,促进广西的可持续发展。

Spatial-temporal Pattern and Differences of Land Use Changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China during 1975-2005

Regional land use changes are an important part of global changes.The research on land use changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China attracts a lot of attention owing to the Three Gorges Dam building.The Three Gorges Reservoir Area becomes one of the important research areas.This study analyzed the transforming processes and traits of each land use type and the regional differences of land use changes during the past 30 years,summarized the distribution of different land use types in different buffer zones and regresses the equation areas and different buffer distances based on buffer analyses and regression analyses,and then analyzed the transforming rules in different buffer distances,got the optimal influence distances.The research results indicate that,(1) cultivated land lies at the northwest of the reservoir and was decreasing,however,the construction land was increasing,especially the urban construction land,a large number of land was flooded because of the reservoir water level rise;(2) urban area was sprawling quickly in developed and neighboring areas,and a great deal of cultivated land and a considerable amount of grassland were occupied;in the earlier time,rural settlements occupied lots of cultivated land and a sum of forestry land in the later time;(3) the optimum influenced distances for cultivated land and forestry land were 10-35 km,and for urban and rural settlements were in 5-20 km.Overall,this research can reflect the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use changes during the 30 years,and it is helpful for urban planning and land use planning in the reservoir area.