政府责任缺失的原因分析——以城市水业市场化改革为例

中国城市水业市场化改革开始于上世纪90年代末,是一场由政府主导的自上而下的改革。在“摸着石头过河”中,政府责任缺失的问题尤为引人注目。如果没有有效的制度约束,作为城市水业市场化改革决策者的地方政府就会以自身利益为导向实施行政行为,从而出现政府责任缺失。在此基础上,本文分别从制度约束的规范层面和实际运行层面分析政府责任缺失的原因。

Urban Water Supply Industry Marketization of China in View of Public Water Service and Water Resource Management

Started with the discussions on the value orientation of urban water supply industry marketization,the article points out that the current urban water supply industry marketization reform is inconsistent with the goal of public water service equalization to some extent.The article also analyzes the problems emerged in urban water supply industry marketization reform and various rea-sons in view of efficiency and fairness.An efficiency and fairness oriented management model is built in this article to illustrate how the government should conciliate interests of various communities involved in the process of marketization reform of the urban water supply industry so as to actualize the coordination of efficiency and fairness.At the end,an assumption on urban water price is put forward to help achieve the public water service equalization.