This brief conceptual paper contributes a sustainability theoretic perspective of an urbanization paradigm known as Compact City. Compact City is an urban planning and development concept which promotes relatively hig...This brief conceptual paper contributes a sustainability theoretic perspective of an urbanization paradigm known as Compact City. Compact City is an urban planning and development concept which promotes relatively high population density associated with an integrated and mixed-use land district. It is enabled by transit-oriented development and results in low transport-related energy consumption and reduced the GHG （Greenhouse Gases） pollution. Compact City conserves the natural capital of land mass and subscribes to the strong sustainability ethics. ICT （Information and Communications Technology） could be deployed to optimize the Compact City operations by first tackling some of the development problems associated with Compact City and also unleashing new urban innovations and functionalities to achieve sustainable urbanization. The paper suggests and elucidates several general systemic synergies archetypes such as co-benefits, cascading, ICT infrastructure reuse, etc., which could be leveraged to facilitate the emergence of compact green smart and resilient city. These archetypes are solutions to the Compact City paradigm thus conductive to the development ofa Sustainability Science of Compact City.展开更多
To shed light on the general patterns and trends in urban sprawl research,and to provide reference for future study,bibliometric analysis and refined analysis are conducted for publications in this area from 1991 to 2...To shed light on the general patterns and trends in urban sprawl research,and to provide reference for future study,bibliometric analysis and refined analysis are conducted for publications in this area from 1991 to 2011.The general publication output,the global geographical distribution of the authors,the funding and institutions involved,the research areas,and the source titles are analyzed and discussed.Scholars in the United States and China have produced most of the documents in urban sprawl and these two countries are also the largest contributors in terms of funding and institutions.′Environmental Sciences&Ecology′,′Urban Studies′,and′Geography′are the most common research areas,and the journal titled Urban Studies has contributed the most articles.Furthermore,the refined analyses on the 500 top-cited and most relevant publications have revealed that research on urban sprawl is closely associated with the categories of′Urban form and development′,′Land use/land development′and′environment/ecology/biology′.Conclusions are made with respect to the basic paradigm of research on urban sprawl.The multi-disciplinary research into urban sprawl are expected to be more diversified and integrated.展开更多
Building regional innovation system has become the important means to upgrade competence of both country and region. Based on comparatively analysis of the metropolitan innovation systems of major innovation centers i...Building regional innovation system has become the important means to upgrade competence of both country and region. Based on comparatively analysis of the metropolitan innovation systems of major innovation centers in the world, this paper concludes four modes of metropolitan innovation system, which are comprehensive knowledge innovation, venture entrepreneurship, learning and overtaking, and Science Park as a carder. According to the four modes and tri-spiral theory of RIS, this paper designs the mode of Shanghai innovation system of overtaking by learning, emphasizing composite innovation player combined firm, university and government, and the strategic aim to build regional and even international innovation center through knowledge innovation, systemic innovation, organizational innovation, cultural innovation and effective control.展开更多
In this paper, we reconsider the defining but often overlooked ‘hinge' function of megalopolises by analyzing how megalopolises have articulated national and international urban systems in the context of a global...In this paper, we reconsider the defining but often overlooked ‘hinge' function of megalopolises by analyzing how megalopolises have articulated national and international urban systems in the context of a globalizing knowledge economy. Taking the case of China's Yangtze River Delta(YRD) region, we particularly focus on knowledge circulation within and beyond the YRD region by analyzing the pattern and process of knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales during the 2004–2014 period. Results show that the structure of scientific knowledge collaboration as reflected by co-publications has been strongest at the national scale whereas that of technological knowledge collaboration as measured by co-patents has been strongest at the global scale. Despite this difference, the structure of both scientific and technological knowledge collaboration has been functionally polycentric at the megalopolitan scale but become less so at the national and global scales. The ‘globally connected but locally disconnected' pattern of Shanghai's external knowledge collaboration suggests that the gateway role of the YRD megalopolis in promoting knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales will take time before it is fully realized.展开更多
Life sciences urban developments are a relatively recent phenomenon, and follow the emergence of knowledge based urban developments as a potential driver of urban regeneration and local economic growth. The role of th...Life sciences urban developments are a relatively recent phenomenon, and follow the emergence of knowledge based urban developments as a potential driver of urban regeneration and local economic growth. The role of these new centres in transforming the inner cities of some of the UK＇s larger conurbations is examined and the key planning issues are discussed. The article concludes that the key principles of urban planning and control must still apply in shaping the role these new developments have in the UK＇s evolving urban landscape.展开更多
Towns＇ and cities＇ stories show their multidisciplinary richness and their complexity between professional skills and ways of life and residence of inhabitants by the analysis of the towns＇ changes. Through two pro...Towns＇ and cities＇ stories show their multidisciplinary richness and their complexity between professional skills and ways of life and residence of inhabitants by the analysis of the towns＇ changes. Through two protocols of research, during ten years from 2003 to 2012 and so on, of metropolitan changes in Bordeaux and travels in French and European cities, Christian Sallenave shows that： When everyone can write, tell and recognize his own story of town＇s changes, the cities know the best conditions for their sustainable development; Neither particular, nor general, but both in their specific dialectic; Neither panoptical and sovereign disciplines nor judgmental dopes, but both in their coming and goings and their ＂patriotic＂ property and register. The towns＇ stories are always written and marked in the same time in plural and singular, of arts, sciences and knowledge and pragmatic ways of life and residence.展开更多
This paper presents some results of sustainable urban-planning development in Moscow Capital Region. Moscow City and Moscow Region （Moscow Oblast） are the parts of the Moscow Capital Region. According to the Constit...This paper presents some results of sustainable urban-planning development in Moscow Capital Region. Moscow City and Moscow Region （Moscow Oblast） are the parts of the Moscow Capital Region. According to the Constitution of Russia, adopted in December 1993, Moscow Region and Moscow City are two independent federal subjects of Russian Federation. The sustainable development of Moscow City and Moscow Region as an integrated regional economic and natural complex which plays the most important part in Russia＇s economy must be based on the integrated solution to the problems of environmental protection, social equity, and economic feasibility. The latest initiative of Russian Government concerns the creation of the Greater Moscow within the new borders of Moscow. Making the decision on the extension of the city limits and stimulation of the Moscow Agglomeration development provides the real way of resolution of the accumulated problems and provides enormous impetus to the sustainable development. The key task of the environmentally sound development of the Greater Moscow is to relieve the historical center of Moscow City; maintain the rational balance of built-up areas, natural and rural landscapes; ensure joint control of the urban development and economic activity; and create the favorable environment for the population.展开更多
文摘This brief conceptual paper contributes a sustainability theoretic perspective of an urbanization paradigm known as Compact City. Compact City is an urban planning and development concept which promotes relatively high population density associated with an integrated and mixed-use land district. It is enabled by transit-oriented development and results in low transport-related energy consumption and reduced the GHG （Greenhouse Gases） pollution. Compact City conserves the natural capital of land mass and subscribes to the strong sustainability ethics. ICT （Information and Communications Technology） could be deployed to optimize the Compact City operations by first tackling some of the development problems associated with Compact City and also unleashing new urban innovations and functionalities to achieve sustainable urbanization. The paper suggests and elucidates several general systemic synergies archetypes such as co-benefits, cascading, ICT infrastructure reuse, etc., which could be leveraged to facilitate the emergence of compact green smart and resilient city. These archetypes are solutions to the Compact City paradigm thus conductive to the development ofa Sustainability Science of Compact City.
基金Under the auspices of Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program During the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(No.2012BAH28B02)
文摘To shed light on the general patterns and trends in urban sprawl research,and to provide reference for future study,bibliometric analysis and refined analysis are conducted for publications in this area from 1991 to 2011.The general publication output,the global geographical distribution of the authors,the funding and institutions involved,the research areas,and the source titles are analyzed and discussed.Scholars in the United States and China have produced most of the documents in urban sprawl and these two countries are also the largest contributors in terms of funding and institutions.′Environmental Sciences&Ecology′,′Urban Studies′,and′Geography′are the most common research areas,and the journal titled Urban Studies has contributed the most articles.Furthermore,the refined analyses on the 500 top-cited and most relevant publications have revealed that research on urban sprawl is closely associated with the categories of′Urban form and development′,′Land use/land development′and′environment/ecology/biology′.Conclusions are made with respect to the basic paradigm of research on urban sprawl.The multi-disciplinary research into urban sprawl are expected to be more diversified and integrated.
基金This paper is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 70573072, 70641022）.
文摘Building regional innovation system has become the important means to upgrade competence of both country and region. Based on comparatively analysis of the metropolitan innovation systems of major innovation centers in the world, this paper concludes four modes of metropolitan innovation system, which are comprehensive knowledge innovation, venture entrepreneurship, learning and overtaking, and Science Park as a carder. According to the four modes and tri-spiral theory of RIS, this paper designs the mode of Shanghai innovation system of overtaking by learning, emphasizing composite innovation player combined firm, university and government, and the strategic aim to build regional and even international innovation center through knowledge innovation, systemic innovation, organizational innovation, cultural innovation and effective control.
文摘In this paper, we reconsider the defining but often overlooked ‘hinge' function of megalopolises by analyzing how megalopolises have articulated national and international urban systems in the context of a globalizing knowledge economy. Taking the case of China's Yangtze River Delta(YRD) region, we particularly focus on knowledge circulation within and beyond the YRD region by analyzing the pattern and process of knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales during the 2004–2014 period. Results show that the structure of scientific knowledge collaboration as reflected by co-publications has been strongest at the national scale whereas that of technological knowledge collaboration as measured by co-patents has been strongest at the global scale. Despite this difference, the structure of both scientific and technological knowledge collaboration has been functionally polycentric at the megalopolitan scale but become less so at the national and global scales. The ‘globally connected but locally disconnected' pattern of Shanghai's external knowledge collaboration suggests that the gateway role of the YRD megalopolis in promoting knowledge collaboration at different geographical scales will take time before it is fully realized.
文摘Life sciences urban developments are a relatively recent phenomenon, and follow the emergence of knowledge based urban developments as a potential driver of urban regeneration and local economic growth. The role of these new centres in transforming the inner cities of some of the UK＇s larger conurbations is examined and the key planning issues are discussed. The article concludes that the key principles of urban planning and control must still apply in shaping the role these new developments have in the UK＇s evolving urban landscape.
文摘Towns＇ and cities＇ stories show their multidisciplinary richness and their complexity between professional skills and ways of life and residence of inhabitants by the analysis of the towns＇ changes. Through two protocols of research, during ten years from 2003 to 2012 and so on, of metropolitan changes in Bordeaux and travels in French and European cities, Christian Sallenave shows that： When everyone can write, tell and recognize his own story of town＇s changes, the cities know the best conditions for their sustainable development; Neither particular, nor general, but both in their specific dialectic; Neither panoptical and sovereign disciplines nor judgmental dopes, but both in their coming and goings and their ＂patriotic＂ property and register. The towns＇ stories are always written and marked in the same time in plural and singular, of arts, sciences and knowledge and pragmatic ways of life and residence.
文摘This paper presents some results of sustainable urban-planning development in Moscow Capital Region. Moscow City and Moscow Region （Moscow Oblast） are the parts of the Moscow Capital Region. According to the Constitution of Russia, adopted in December 1993, Moscow Region and Moscow City are two independent federal subjects of Russian Federation. The sustainable development of Moscow City and Moscow Region as an integrated regional economic and natural complex which plays the most important part in Russia＇s economy must be based on the integrated solution to the problems of environmental protection, social equity, and economic feasibility. The latest initiative of Russian Government concerns the creation of the Greater Moscow within the new borders of Moscow. Making the decision on the extension of the city limits and stimulation of the Moscow Agglomeration development provides the real way of resolution of the accumulated problems and provides enormous impetus to the sustainable development. The key task of the environmentally sound development of the Greater Moscow is to relieve the historical center of Moscow City; maintain the rational balance of built-up areas, natural and rural landscapes; ensure joint control of the urban development and economic activity; and create the favorable environment for the population.
