ArcGIS缓冲区分析支持下的城市规划用地布局环境适宜性分析

本文针对城市规划中用地布局的方案比选以及城市规划环境影响评价中用地布局环境合理性的评价难以量化的问题,利用ArcGIS的空间分析功能进行缓冲区叠合分析,结合Delphi法进行因子打分、层次分析法确定因子权重,构建了一套初步的方法体系。将五大类城市建设用地分为环境敏感性用地、环境服务性用地和污染源性用地三类,形成居住用地布局适宜性、工业用地布局适宜性、交通用地布局适宜性和绿地广场布局适宜性四个评价系统。并以钦州市城市总体规划为例,对城市用地布局的适宜性进行量化,结果较为直观,具有较高的科学性和可比较性,从环境合理性角度对判断不同规划用地布局方案的优劣提供了较好的支撑。

城市规划用地基准地价综合图的编制与应用——以河北省迁安县城为例

将用地规划与土地分类估价相结合，以规划用地类型决定评估对象的适宜方向．提出反映规划。

粒子群优化算法在可供选择城市规划方案中的应用

运用改进的粒子群优化算法帮助规划者完成了城市用地规划方案.在算法中,增加了对惯性权重的选择,适应度的选取应用了各类用地单元的空间协调性,采用从左到右、从上到下顺序,依次计算每个用地单元的空间协调性的方法.由于用地单元之间的位置是离散的,所以算法中粒子速度采用了离散的粒子速度.利用此改进算法,在实验中能够快速地收敛到可行的规划方案,实验结果表明该算法是有效的.

地理国情与城市总体规划评估用地分类体系衔接探讨

对地理国情内容指标与城市规划中用地分类标准进行了详细阐述,并分析了两种分类体系,包括分类体系、分类原则、分类标准的异同;基于空间完整覆盖的共同特点,对地理国情内容指标与城市规划中用地分类进行了衔接探索。

烟台市的工程地质环境与市区规划的关系

任何城市都是建立在特定的地质体上，城市的建设与发展都要以这个特定的地质体为基础。城市工程地质环境与城市规划之间存在着密切的联系。本文分析了烟台市的工程地质环境，探讨了城市工程地质环境与城市规划用地条件评价和城市规划建设的合理布局之间的关系。

城市勘察在城市建设中的作用

本文从城市规划用地评价、城市地质灾害防治。

Spatio-temporal Patterns of Intra-urban Land Use Change in Beijing,China Between 1984 and 2008

Urban internal structure is essential information for urban geography researchers and urban planners or managers. This research aims to examine the spatial structure changes of internal urban land use based on the interpreted datasets of 1984 and 2008. Spatio-temporal patterns of internal land use conversion and urban expansion are analyzed, and then dominant driving factors (e.g., social economy, population growth and urban planning) were identified. The results indicate that Beijing′s intra-urban layout has experienced tremendous adjustment from compact to disperse configure, otherwise its function objects have shifted from the major economic and industrial development before the 1990s to the combination with cultural, high-technological and inhabitable city at present. The dominant urban land use transformations include the relocation of industrial lands from core districts to suburban or other provinces, and the accelerating expansion of residential areas and green spaces for supplying the demand of housing and ecological protection. Although Beijing′s urban planning has experienced three major adjustments and improvement since the 1980s, its optimization of urban internal patterns still remains a challenge.

Spatial-temporal Pattern and Differences of Land Use Changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China during 1975-2005

Regional land use changes are an important part of global changes.The research on land use changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China attracts a lot of attention owing to the Three Gorges Dam building.The Three Gorges Reservoir Area becomes one of the important research areas.This study analyzed the transforming processes and traits of each land use type and the regional differences of land use changes during the past 30 years,summarized the distribution of different land use types in different buffer zones and regresses the equation areas and different buffer distances based on buffer analyses and regression analyses,and then analyzed the transforming rules in different buffer distances,got the optimal influence distances.The research results indicate that,(1) cultivated land lies at the northwest of the reservoir and was decreasing,however,the construction land was increasing,especially the urban construction land,a large number of land was flooded because of the reservoir water level rise;(2) urban area was sprawling quickly in developed and neighboring areas,and a great deal of cultivated land and a considerable amount of grassland were occupied;in the earlier time,rural settlements occupied lots of cultivated land and a sum of forestry land in the later time;(3) the optimum influenced distances for cultivated land and forestry land were 10-35 km,and for urban and rural settlements were in 5-20 km.Overall,this research can reflect the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use changes during the 30 years,and it is helpful for urban planning and land use planning in the reservoir area.

Application of Multi-agent Models to Urban Expansion in Medium and Small Cities: A Case Study in Fuyang City,Zhejiang Province,China

In this study, three-phase satellite images were used to define rules for the allocation of time and space in construction land resources based on a complex adaptive system and game theory. The decision behavior and rules of government agent, enterprise agent and resident agent in construction land growth were explored. A distinctive and dynamic simulation model of construction land growth was built, which integrated multi-agent, GIS technology and RS data and described the interaction among influencing agents, Taking Fuyang City in the Changjiang River Delta as an example, an assessment process for the remote sensing data in construction land and scenario planning was constructed. Repast and ArcGIS were used as simulation platforms. A simulation of the spatial pattern in land-use planning and the setting of scenario planning were conducted by using the incomplete active game, which was based on different natural, social and economic levels. Through this model, a simulation of urban planning space and decision-making for Fuyang City was created. Relevant non-structured problems arising from urban planning management could be identified, and the process and logic of urban planning spatial decision-making could thus be improved. Cell-by-cell comparison showed that the simulation accuracy was over 72%. This model has great potential for use by government and town planners in decision support and technique support in the policy-making process.

Instruments of Urban Planning in Algerian City： Reality and Challenges

The year 1990 marks a line of rupture in the history of Algeria in general by the fundamental changes that have occurred, especially in the fields of urbanism and the land use planning, which has an important impact on space of the city and its environment. However, the absence of directives based on the reality of upstream territories and sometimes the conflict and the weakness of the instruments created at different levels： national, regional and local, have accelerated the galloping development of urbanization （the irrational consumption of land reserves inside and around the city）, often at the expense of the agricultural land. On the other hand, the involvement of new actors in the production of the framework built in the Algerian town was made without compliance with the rules of architecture and urbanism contained in the build permit and in the MPU （Master Plan of Land Use and Urbanism） and the SOP （Soil Occupation Plan） approved. The analyses conducted in the cities such as the capital Algiers and Setif illustrate this situation well. This article presents these situations of paradox, identifies their causes and suggests the recommendations to implement in the framework of studies and actions to take, to correct and regulate their mutations.

Bird Monitoring to Conserve Salitre Wetland in Bogotá： Strengthening Local Efforts in Conservation

Abstract： The Bogota Savannah was great Lake Humboldt 20,000 years ago. In the early 20th century, there were 50,000 ha of wetlands in Bogotá, but now this area has reduced to around 800 ha, due principally to human activities like industry, city-planning expansion, and agriculture. Actually, there are 13 wetlands and two lakes in Bogotá. SW （Salitre wetland） is an aquatic area that contains migratory and resident bird＇s species. Around this wetland, there are some urbanization and recreational areas that affect this natural habitat. Due to city-planning expansion, the city government wanted to build a great area to perform massive public events on the Salitre area. From June 2009 to June 2010, the researchers have made bird monitoring and recorded the SW as a very important habitat for birds; they demonstrated that this site offered them food and protection. Migratory species like Dendroica striata, Porzana carolina, Porphyrio martinica, Actitis macularia, Piranga rubra, Contopus cooperi and Contopus virens, inhabit this area. Most of the birds in SW use the area primarily for feeding and roosting, and the authors have recorded presence of eggs and chicks. In this way, the authors have demonstrated that this area is very important for migratory and resident birds. Currently, SW is in process to be officially designated as a wetland after many efforts. However, conservation and educational efforts should be taken into consideration for the protection and conservation of this wetland.

A gravity-spatial entropy model for the measurement of urban sprawl

Since the mid-twentieth century, most cities worldwide have undergone a rapid expansion in urban land use. Along with the expansion, several problems, such as excessive loss of prime agricultural land and increasing traffic congestion have arisen. Thus, understanding and measurements of the expansion scale and its speed are crucial to planners and officials during urban planning and management processes. To measure such geographic phenomena, Shannon first devised entropy theory, and then Batty developed it into spatial entropy. The recently developed spatial entropy model, which was used to measure urban sprawl, introduced area to represent spatial asymmetry. However, most models did not consider spatial discretization, particularly the impact of distance. This study attempted to construct an integrated gravity-spatial entropy model to delineate distance and spatial diffusion impacts on population distribution. Then, we tested the model using Shanghai's temporal land use and community statistical data. Application results for the new gravity-spatial model show that it is a useful tool for identifying spatial and temporal variations of urban sprawl.