湖北省城市雨涝灾害韧性的时空演变及障碍因子

为探讨湖北省城市雨涝灾害韧性的时空演变及障碍因子,构建包含经济、社会、基础设施和生态环境4维度韧性评价指标体系,采用组合权重TOPSIS法测度韧性水平,结合GIS空间分析方法探究其时空演变特征,运用障碍度模型对评价结果进行障碍因子诊断。研究结果表明:湖北省城市雨涝灾害韧性整体呈上升趋势,各城市间韧性指数差异程度有所减小,韧性水平趋向均衡化发展;湖北省城市雨涝灾害韧性呈现“东西强、中间弱”空间分布格局,全局不存在显著的空间集聚性;单位面积泵站数量、万人在校大学生数、公共安全财政投入比、排水管道密度和人均GDP是制约湖北省城市雨涝灾害韧性的5大主要障碍因子。研究结果可为湖北省制定区域洪涝灾害管理政策及韧性城市规划提供参考。

城市雨涝灾害的风险评估

本文系统梳理了城市雨涝灾害风险评估的过程与方法,并以城市雨涝灾害的仿真情景模拟风险评估法为例,阐述了其所需的相关数据、模型构建过程、评估结果分析与利用,强调了仿真情景模拟评估的科学性与可视性优势。此外,论文还总结了风险评估与城市雨涝灾害规划防控的关系,明确了城市雨涝规划防控并非狭义的城市防涝规划,同时也包含了灾害的风险管理与应急响应管理,并强调了灾害的全过程风险评估是雨涝灾害规划防控的重要基础和科学依据。

Brief analysis on rainwater regulation and storage for pressure alleviation of municipal drainage system

Rainwater plays an important role in the improvement of the drainage performance while leaving the drainage network structure and capacity unchanged.Based on the comparison of rainwater storage performance in projected rainwater drainage systems it shows that the rainwater storage facilities based on the current rainfall intensity computing formulation can improve the drainage system.The results show that the decentralized rainwater drainage network in municipal drainage helps to reduce the designed rainfall intensity capacity in the drainage network.Thus the effect can be equal to increasing the rainfall duration in the rainwater drainage network design.Therefore the rainwater storage facilities in decentralized networks optimize the rainwater drainage network in community rainwater drainage design.It also reduces the capacity of the drainage network and improves the safety of the municipal rainwater drainage system in residential areas.