水稻“城野”白－绿苗性状遗传及应用初探

城野是新近发现的白－绿苗水稻种质资源，从出苗至二叶一心时为全白苗，叶片纯白色；第三叶生出后，第二完全叶则从叶基开始逐渐转绿，由全白苗变为全绿苗约需３０天；从第三完全叶开始，新生叶片均为绿色。城野与籼粳稻杂交Ｆ１均为绿苗，Ｆ２代则出现分离，白—绿苗与绿苗的分离比为１：３；以城野为轮回亲本的回交Ｆ１代，白—绿苗与绿苗的分离比为１：１，表明：城野白—绿苗性状的遗传是受一对隐性核基因控制。城野白—绿苗性状表现稳定一致，可作为标志性状，在水稻遗传育种上有一定研究利用价值。

北九州低碳城市国际设计工作坊的启示

"LCTBC'2012年亚洲低碳城市国际学生设计竞赛及工作坊"由北九州市立大学国际环境工学部主办,邀请来自中国、日本、泰国、越南、印度尼西亚、法国等国家的学生参加,涉及城市规划、建筑设计、环境工程、景观设计等专业,体现了国际化与多学科交叉的特点。本文通过介绍工作坊的组织框架、低碳项目观摩及对北九州城野区(JONO)的设计提案,揭示当今国际低碳城市设计的发展策略,提出由国际学生参与的设计工作坊方式的可能性与启示。

Field Modeling Method for Identifying Urban Sphere of Influence:A Case Study on Central China

With rapid development of urbanization and regional interaction and interdependence, regional urban agglomeration planning becomes more and more important in China, in order to promote integrated development of various cities with close interrelationship. However, it is still arguable academically on how to define the boundary or which cities to be included for the urban agglomeration of a region. This paper aims to shed lights on how to identify urban spheres of influence scientifically by introducing field modeling method and by practicing a case study on 168 cities in Central China. In our field modeling method, the influence intensities of cities were measured by a compre-ensive index and urban spheres of influence were represented spatially by field intensity. Then, their classification and spatial distribution characteristics of study area in 2007 were identified and explored by using GIS and statistical methods. The result showed that： 1） Wuhan is the absolute dominant city in Central China; 2） the provincial capital cities dominate their own provinces and there are no other lower grade agglomeration centers; and 3） the basic types of organization form of urban sphere of influence are single-polar type, agglomeration type, close-related group type and loose-related group type.

From Industrial Heritage to a Regional Development Core in the 20th Century： The Case of Ilha Solteira

The article deals with the built experience by the CESP （Sao Paulo＇s Electricity Company） in Urubupunga Complex, during 1950s and 1960s, with concomitant construction of urban centers--an provisional in Jupih and another permanent in llha Solteira--with accommodation for singles, working villages and residences for technicians and engineers. The city of Ilha Solteira implanted permanently was an intermediate form of organization between the camp of Jupia and the structure of a city, with a slightly more open community in which the citizens were still quite protected by the company. This study aims to describe the planning and the process of opening the core of Ilha Solteira, through non participant observation field work and research literature on the topic of its conversion into town and the attempt to create a pole of development for the region through their characteristic urban design plan： linear city and radio concentric city. However, the transformation of Ilha Solteira on a city in the early 1980s happened in the crisis of developmentalism and authoritarianism, in a time when the CESP no longer wished to transform Ilha Solteira in pole of regional development, but in a city able to stand alone, because their maintenance costs become prohibitive.

Common blackbirds Turdus merula use anthropogenic structures as nesting sites in an urbanized landscape

The common blackbird Turdus merula is one of the most highly urbanized bird species. However, to date, the use of anthropogenic structures as nesting sites in the common blackbird is rarely documented, and the factors influencing its use of the anthropogenic structures as nesting sites remain unclear. In this study, we systematically quantified and determined the factors in- fluencing the use of anthropogenie structures as nesting sites in common blackbirds in a highly urbanized city of Hangzhou, Chi- na. We searched for nests of common blackbirds during four breeding seasons from 2010 to 2013. Among the 60 nests found, 34 nests were in anthropogenic structures such as wall ledges, air condition mounts, window canopies, cable poles, guardrails, eaves, balcony frames, flowerpots and flower shelves on balconies. We found that the available anthropogenic nest sites and the availa- ble nesting trees were main factors determining the use of anthropogenic structures as nesting sites in common blackbirds. In ur- ban environments, the amount of available anthropogenic nesting sites increased significantly, whereas the number of natural nesting sites reduced greatly. Our results suggest that common blackbirds can adjust their nest sites in response to urbanization and such nesting behavior shifts may aid them to colonize urban environments. From a management viewpoint, our results indi- cate that behavioral flexibility should be taken into account for effective urban wildlife management and conservation

Phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial DNA sequences of wild rats, and the relationship with Seoul virus infection in Hubei, China

Seoul virus(SEOV), which is predominantly carried by Rattus norvegicus, is one of the major causes of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) in China. Hubei province, located in the central south of China, has experienced some of the most severe epidemics of HFRS. To investigate the mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA)-based phylogenetics of wild rats in Hubei, and the relationship with SEOV infection, 664 wild rats were captured from five trapping sites in Hubei from2000–2009 and 2014–2015. Using reverse-transcription(RT)-PCR, 41(6.17%) rats were found to be positive for SEOV infection. The SEOV-positive percentage in Yichang was significantly lower than that in other areas. The mt DNA D-loop and cytochrome b(cyt-b) genes of 103 rats were sequenced.Among these animals, 37 were SEOV-positive. The reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationship(based on the complete D-loop and cyt-b sequences) allowed the rats to be categorized into two lineages, R. norvegicus and Rattus nitidus, with the former including the majority of the rats. For both the D-loop and cyt-b genes, 18 haplotypes were identified. The geographic distributions of the different haplotypes were significantly different. There were no significant differences in the SEOVpositive percentages between different haplotypes. There were three sub-lineages for the D-loop,and two for cyt-b. The SEOV-positive percentages for each of the sub-lineages did not significantly differ. This indicates that the SEOV-positive percentage is not related to the mt DNA D-loop or cyt-b haplotype or the sub-lineage of rats from Hubei.

Urban Forestry and its Relevance to Tourism Development in Sabah

Urban forestry is understood to be the management of trees and forests in urban areas. It yieldsmany environmental and material benefits. In Sabah, the environmental services of urban forestry are moreimportant than material products. The potential of practising urban forestry in various zones and underdifferent land ownership is evaluated. As urbanisation has occurred recently in Sabah, urban forestry hasonly been practised to a limited extent. Tourism is an economic sector which has gained prominence in recentyears and has huge growth potential. With the numerous environmental services provided by urban forestryto make urban areas more inhabitable, the increasing tourism activities necessitate intensification of urbanforestry activities. The main urban centres contain many tourist attractions, and are also the gateways tomany other ecotourist destinations located throughout Sabah. With tourism high on the development agendain Sabah, urban forestry needs to be promoted so that both locals and visitors can enjoy the numerous social,environmental and economic benefits.