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小城镇建设中“城镇病”的治理对策
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作者 张江娜 《管理观察》 2017年第6期41-43,共3页
随着城镇化的快速推进,我国大多数城镇出现了规划随意、交通拥堵、环境恶化、资源短缺、城镇灾害、文物受损等一些"城镇病",这成为影响和制约小城镇科学发展的突出问题。只有科学合理规划城镇、建立健全相关制度、引导公众参... 随着城镇化的快速推进,我国大多数城镇出现了规划随意、交通拥堵、环境恶化、资源短缺、城镇灾害、文物受损等一些"城镇病",这成为影响和制约小城镇科学发展的突出问题。只有科学合理规划城镇、建立健全相关制度、引导公众参与社会决策、完善配套设施建设、积极构建城镇生态经济、推动城镇信息化建设,才能解决这些突出问题。 展开更多
关键词 城镇病 危害 形成原因 治理 对策
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上海市城镇居民大病保险实施评价 被引量:7
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作者 陈珉惺 王力男 +3 位作者 李芬 张晓溪 徐维维 金春林 《中国卫生经济》 北大核心 2017年第5期23-25,共3页
目的:评估上海城镇居民大病保险政策效果和商业保险公司运行现状,为优化政策提供科学依据。方法:采用文献阅读、政策查阅、定量数据收集方法,收集自政策实施以来,即2014-2016年的大病医保数据和商业保险公司运行情况进行分析。结果:大... 目的:评估上海城镇居民大病保险政策效果和商业保险公司运行现状,为优化政策提供科学依据。方法:采用文献阅读、政策查阅、定量数据收集方法,收集自政策实施以来,即2014-2016年的大病医保数据和商业保险公司运行情况进行分析。结果:大病医保受益人数和人均补偿金额需有待提高,经办机构中两家公司业务量占总量的80%。结论:建议适度扩大病种,完善委托管理模式,发挥商业保险公司控费动力及定期开展第三方评估,提高保障的精准性。 展开更多
关键词 城镇居民大保险 商业医疗保险 评价 上海
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广西城镇居民大病保险实施效果评价:基于第一批试点地区的分析 被引量:6
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作者 韩文 杨雯婷 +1 位作者 雷震 赵歆妍 《中国卫生经济》 北大核心 2016年第4期27-30,共4页
目的:对广西第一批试点城镇居民大病保险的地区进行效果评价。方法:采用文献阅读、政策查阅、定量数据收集方法,收集自试点以来的两年内,即2013—2014年柳州市和钦州市城镇居民大病保险具体政策制定、基金使用情况、大病补偿情况、大病... 目的:对广西第一批试点城镇居民大病保险的地区进行效果评价。方法:采用文献阅读、政策查阅、定量数据收集方法,收集自试点以来的两年内,即2013—2014年柳州市和钦州市城镇居民大病保险具体政策制定、基金使用情况、大病补偿情况、大病医疗费用等资料和数据,运用Excel和SPSS 18.0对资料进行描述性统计分析及比较分析。结果:大病保险效果显著,2013—2014年柳州市城镇居民大病保险基金利用率分别为118.83%和174.42%,基金结余率分别为-18.83%、-74.42%,实际报销比例分别为61.07%、61.08%。钦州市基金利用率分别为92.83%和76.33%,基金结余率分别为7.17%、23.67%,实际报销比例分别为53.29%、54.81%。结论:大病保险极大地减轻了医保病人大额医疗费用支出负担,有效缓解了"因病致贫,因病返贫"。但大病保险基金压力过大,存在支付赤字问题,大病保险覆盖范围及保障力度也待扩大加强,应逐步探索建立与商业保险机构的合作机制,进一步加强对商业保险机构、医疗机构和医疗费用的监管,健全和完善大病保险政策。 展开更多
关键词 城镇居民大保险 效果评价 广西
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Significant decrease in prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic 被引量:8
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作者 Jan Bure Marcela Kopáová +8 位作者 Ilona Koupil Bohumil Seifert Miluka kodová Fendrichová Jana pirková Viktor Voíek Stanislav Rejchrt TomáDouda Norbert Král Ilja Tachecí 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第32期4412-4418,共7页
AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year period.METHODS:A total of 22 centres entered the study.The catchment areas of these centre... AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year period.METHODS:A total of 22 centres entered the study.The catchment areas of these centres covered cities and towns with more than 20 000 inhabitants,smaller towns(≤ 20 000 inhabitants) with surrounding villages and rural areas,and were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1 837 subjects(aged 5-98 years) took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38 147 people from the general population.H.pylori infection was investigated by means of a 13 C-urea breath test.Breath samples in duplicates were analysed using isotope ratio mass spectrometry.The cut-off point was 3.5.Social and demographic characteristics were based on data from self-completed questionnaires.RESULTS:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection was 23.5%(430/1826),and 4.8%(20/420) in children aged 15 or less.There was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between males(24.3%;208/857) and females(22.9%,222/969,P = 0.494).H.pylori infection was strongly associated with higher age,among subjects aged 55+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was 39.8%(252/633,P < 0.001).The highest prevalence of H.pylori infection was found among persons aged 55-64 years(43.9%,97/221) and 75+ years(37.9%,58/153).Among study subjects aged 15+ years,prevalence of H.pylori infection was significantly increased in those with lowest education(odds risk 3.19,95% CI 1.87-5.47).Compared to never married(14.1%),the prevalence of H.pylori infection was statistically significantly higher among married(35.4%,246/694,P < 0.001),divorced(36.8%,49/133,P < 0.001) and widowed study subjects(40.2%,45/112,P < 0.001),both in minimally and fully adjusted analysis.There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H.pylori infection between married and widowed subjects(35.4%,246/694 vs 40.2%,45/112,P = 0.389).There was little variation in smoking prevalence across categories of smoking and there was no evidence of an increased risk ofH.pylori infection among current or past smokers in our data(odds risk 1.04 with 95% CI 0.78-1.40 for current smokers;odds ratio 0.83 with 95% CI 0.60-1.16 for former smokers).The current prevalence of H.pylori in 2011 was significantly lower compared to the prevalence reported from identical geographical areas in 2001(23.5%vs 41.7%,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The overall prevalence of H.pylori infection in the general population has fallen substantially in the Czech Republic over the past 10 years. 展开更多
关键词 Epidemiology Helicobacter pylori Czech Republic 13 C-urea breath test Decline of prevalence
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