为探究国内外公路隧道通风标准中需风量存在差异的原因,解决目前公路隧道通风精准化设计存在的难题,以我国隧道通风设计标准JTG/T D70/2-02—2014《公路隧道通风设计细则》和世界道路协会(PIARC)《Road tunnels:Vehicle emissions and a...为探究国内外公路隧道通风标准中需风量存在差异的原因,解决目前公路隧道通风精准化设计存在的难题,以我国隧道通风设计标准JTG/T D70/2-02—2014《公路隧道通风设计细则》和世界道路协会(PIARC)《Road tunnels:Vehicle emissions and air demand for ventilation》2019标准中关于隧道稀释机动车污染物所需风量计算方法为理论基础,结合江苏省某长江隧道实际工程案例,针对80、60、40、30、20(全程阻滞)、10 km/h(局部阻滞)6种工况,分别计算稀释CO、NO_(2)和VI的近期(2035年)、远期(2045年)所需风量。结果表明:1)两者在计算方法上的不同造成了计算结果的差异,相同背景计算出的稀释污染物设计需风量数值国内标准是国际标准的3.35倍;国内外机动车CO基准排放量的差异是造成稀释CO所需风量差距较大的原因,且NO_(2)对隧道需风量的影响程度已逐渐超过CO。2)采用国内标准计算稀释VI所需风量值在低车速工况下受烟尘设计浓度值和车密度影响较明显。3)随着机动车尾气排放标准逐渐严格和新能源汽车的出现,为了适应我国机动车尾气排放特性,新的基准排放量要考虑的因素需增加。展开更多
Business as Usual （BaU） scenario in developing countries has been a debated issue in climate change negotiations. This paper analyzes different definitions of BaU and points out that the major difference among these...Business as Usual （BaU） scenario in developing countries has been a debated issue in climate change negotiations. This paper analyzes different definitions of BaU and points out that the major difference among these definitions is how to set the starting point of BaU projections, that is the so called base year. Some international institutions use current policy scenarios to project a BaU trajectory of developing countries. Such definition will lead to an underestimation of BaU emissions of developing countries and thus an underestimation of mitigation efforts. This paper concludes with a suggestion to use a without policy scenario with a clear base year as definition of BaU. Such a definition will set an objective benchmark to assess mitigation efforts of develonin countries.展开更多
文摘为探究国内外公路隧道通风标准中需风量存在差异的原因,解决目前公路隧道通风精准化设计存在的难题,以我国隧道通风设计标准JTG/T D70/2-02—2014《公路隧道通风设计细则》和世界道路协会(PIARC)《Road tunnels:Vehicle emissions and air demand for ventilation》2019标准中关于隧道稀释机动车污染物所需风量计算方法为理论基础,结合江苏省某长江隧道实际工程案例,针对80、60、40、30、20(全程阻滞)、10 km/h(局部阻滞)6种工况,分别计算稀释CO、NO_(2)和VI的近期(2035年)、远期(2045年)所需风量。结果表明:1)两者在计算方法上的不同造成了计算结果的差异,相同背景计算出的稀释污染物设计需风量数值国内标准是国际标准的3.35倍;国内外机动车CO基准排放量的差异是造成稀释CO所需风量差距较大的原因,且NO_(2)对隧道需风量的影响程度已逐渐超过CO。2)采用国内标准计算稀释VI所需风量值在低车速工况下受烟尘设计浓度值和车密度影响较明显。3)随着机动车尾气排放标准逐渐严格和新能源汽车的出现,为了适应我国机动车尾气排放特性,新的基准排放量要考虑的因素需增加。
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation(No.71173131)National Program on Key BasicResearch Projects(No.2010CB95500)of China
文摘Business as Usual （BaU） scenario in developing countries has been a debated issue in climate change negotiations. This paper analyzes different definitions of BaU and points out that the major difference among these definitions is how to set the starting point of BaU projections, that is the so called base year. Some international institutions use current policy scenarios to project a BaU trajectory of developing countries. Such definition will lead to an underestimation of BaU emissions of developing countries and thus an underestimation of mitigation efforts. This paper concludes with a suggestion to use a without policy scenario with a clear base year as definition of BaU. Such a definition will set an objective benchmark to assess mitigation efforts of develonin countries.
