In evaluating Plutarch＇s contacts with other cultures of his era, scholars have not reached consensus so far regarding the relationship between the Chaironean and Early Christian writers. A good example of this lacks...In evaluating Plutarch＇s contacts with other cultures of his era, scholars have not reached consensus so far regarding the relationship between the Chaironean and Early Christian writers. A good example of this lacks of consensus rises when we come to the views of the creation of human soul. As a matter of fact, following the first approaches on this issue by Brenk in his ＂The Origin and the Return of the Soul in Plutarch＂, it is possible to understand that ＂Plutarch desecularizes and repersonalizes the master （i.e., Plato） （...） suggesting that the soul enters our miserable world without having had a previous vision of the forms to assure its reborn＂. Even if the researcher plausibly demonstrates this assert, we must accept from his conclusions that we should also move some steps forward by placing Plutarch＇s conceptions regarding the origin of human soul in his proper historical, philosophical, and religious context. Therefore, the aim of the following paper is to deal with those contacts in order to highlight their similitudes and/or differences about the motif of the soul＇s birth.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Haemophilus ducreyi in clinical diagnosis of chancroid. Methods: Nucleotide sequences of 16srRNA gene specific for H. dureyi wer...Objective:To investigate the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Haemophilus ducreyi in clinical diagnosis of chancroid. Methods: Nucleotide sequences of 16srRNA gene specific for H. dureyi were used to develop primer sets for amplification of two strains. The amplified products were tested via PCR and sequenced by electrophoresis in a 1.5% gel.These products were compared with those of heterogeneous species or related bacteria to test the specificity of the PCR assay. PCR amplification with different concentrations of H.ducreyi was performed to test its sensitivity. Results: PCR amplification of two strains of H. ducreyi produced a single band of expected 438bp length. The sequence was identified with genomic DNA. None of the other 19 reference species amplified under the same conditions gave this result. The highest sensitivity of PCR assay in the present test was 10ng/L. Conclusions: PCR assay for detection of H. ducreyi is a rapid, specific, and sensitive detection method. If laboratory conditions are strictly controlled, PCR assay is a potentially useful laboratory test for H. ducreyi infection diagnosis.展开更多
Objective: To analyze type II topoisomerase genes in clinical isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycoplasmahominis. Methods: Eight isolates of M.hominis cross resistant to 6fluoroquinolones were selected from 103 c...Objective: To analyze type II topoisomerase genes in clinical isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycoplasmahominis. Methods: Eight isolates of M.hominis cross resistant to 6fluoroquinolones were selected from 103 clinical strains ofM.hominis using a broth microdilution method. Type IItopoisomerase genes were amplified by PCR and directlysequenced. Nucleotide sequences were compared to sequencesfrom a susceptible strain (M.hominis PG2I). Results: MICs of resistant Mh isolates were 4- to 512-foldhigher than MICs from the susceptible reference strain.Sequence comparison revealed a C to T change at 113nt ingyrA QRDR led to the substitution of Ser83 by Leucine and noamino acid change in gyrB. A change of G to T at 134nt inparC QRDR led to the substitution of Ser80 by Isoleucine anda G to A change at 70nt in ParE QRDR led to the substitutionof Aspartic acid by Asparagine.Conclusion: These results suggest that a C to T change at113nt in gyrA, a G to T change at 134nt in parC and a G to Achange at 70nt i atrE are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance of M.hominis.展开更多
To explore the role of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in the signal pathway of protein kinase C (PKC) regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes in asthma. T lymphocytes were isolated from the asthmatic m...To explore the role of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in the signal pathway of protein kinase C (PKC) regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes in asthma. T lymphocytes were isolated from the asthmatic model of guinea pigs and the asthmatic patients. Either the T cells stimulated with PMA alone or those stimulated with PMA together with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) were incubated for 1 and 24?h. The proliferation of and the presence of NF-κB in the cells incubated for 1?h were observed by MTT and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. And the cells incubated for 24?h were observed for the apoptosis by TUNEL. All the assays were paralleled with controls, and all the data were analyzedstatistically with the software SAS. The percentage of cells of nuclear positive staining of NF-κB and the proliferation of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated with PMA were significantly higher than those of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated without PMA respectively (P<0.01) and those of T lymphocytes from normal control guinea pigs and normal control persons stimulated with PMA respectively (P<0.01), and were significantly reduced by PDTC (P<0.01). The apoptosis index of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated with PMA were significantly lower than those of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated without PMA respectively (P<0.01) and those of T lymphocytes from normal control guinea pigs and normal control persons stimulated with PMA respectively (P<0.01), and were significantly induced by PDTC (P<0.01). There were good positive correlation between the percentage of cells of nuclear staining of NF-κB of T lymphocytes and the proliferation of T lymphocytes (r=0.51-0.72, P<0.001), and also good negative correlation between the percentage of cells of nuclear staining of NF-κB and the apoptosis index of T lymphocytes (r=-0.55-0.71, P<0.001, respectively). It concludes that the active PKC of asthmatic T lymphocytes promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of T lymphocytes may be mediated by activating NF-κB, the activation of PKC-NF-κB signal pathway of T lymphocytes NF-κB may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.展开更多
文摘In evaluating Plutarch＇s contacts with other cultures of his era, scholars have not reached consensus so far regarding the relationship between the Chaironean and Early Christian writers. A good example of this lacks of consensus rises when we come to the views of the creation of human soul. As a matter of fact, following the first approaches on this issue by Brenk in his ＂The Origin and the Return of the Soul in Plutarch＂, it is possible to understand that ＂Plutarch desecularizes and repersonalizes the master （i.e., Plato） （...） suggesting that the soul enters our miserable world without having had a previous vision of the forms to assure its reborn＂. Even if the researcher plausibly demonstrates this assert, we must accept from his conclusions that we should also move some steps forward by placing Plutarch＇s conceptions regarding the origin of human soul in his proper historical, philosophical, and religious context. Therefore, the aim of the following paper is to deal with those contacts in order to highlight their similitudes and/or differences about the motif of the soul＇s birth.
文摘Objective:To investigate the application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of Haemophilus ducreyi in clinical diagnosis of chancroid. Methods: Nucleotide sequences of 16srRNA gene specific for H. dureyi were used to develop primer sets for amplification of two strains. The amplified products were tested via PCR and sequenced by electrophoresis in a 1.5% gel.These products were compared with those of heterogeneous species or related bacteria to test the specificity of the PCR assay. PCR amplification with different concentrations of H.ducreyi was performed to test its sensitivity. Results: PCR amplification of two strains of H. ducreyi produced a single band of expected 438bp length. The sequence was identified with genomic DNA. None of the other 19 reference species amplified under the same conditions gave this result. The highest sensitivity of PCR assay in the present test was 10ng/L. Conclusions: PCR assay for detection of H. ducreyi is a rapid, specific, and sensitive detection method. If laboratory conditions are strictly controlled, PCR assay is a potentially useful laboratory test for H. ducreyi infection diagnosis.
基金Financially Supported by a Grant from the Education Committee of Hunan Province(No.OOAOO9)
文摘Objective: To analyze type II topoisomerase genes in clinical isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant Mycoplasmahominis. Methods: Eight isolates of M.hominis cross resistant to 6fluoroquinolones were selected from 103 clinical strains ofM.hominis using a broth microdilution method. Type IItopoisomerase genes were amplified by PCR and directlysequenced. Nucleotide sequences were compared to sequencesfrom a susceptible strain (M.hominis PG2I). Results: MICs of resistant Mh isolates were 4- to 512-foldhigher than MICs from the susceptible reference strain.Sequence comparison revealed a C to T change at 113nt ingyrA QRDR led to the substitution of Ser83 by Leucine and noamino acid change in gyrB. A change of G to T at 134nt inparC QRDR led to the substitution of Ser80 by Isoleucine anda G to A change at 70nt in ParE QRDR led to the substitutionof Aspartic acid by Asparagine.Conclusion: These results suggest that a C to T change at113nt in gyrA, a G to T change at 134nt in parC and a G to Achange at 70nt i atrE are associated with fluoroquinolone resistance of M.hominis.
文摘To explore the role of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) in the signal pathway of protein kinase C (PKC) regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of T lymphocytes in asthma. T lymphocytes were isolated from the asthmatic model of guinea pigs and the asthmatic patients. Either the T cells stimulated with PMA alone or those stimulated with PMA together with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) were incubated for 1 and 24?h. The proliferation of and the presence of NF-κB in the cells incubated for 1?h were observed by MTT and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. And the cells incubated for 24?h were observed for the apoptosis by TUNEL. All the assays were paralleled with controls, and all the data were analyzedstatistically with the software SAS. The percentage of cells of nuclear positive staining of NF-κB and the proliferation of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated with PMA were significantly higher than those of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated without PMA respectively (P<0.01) and those of T lymphocytes from normal control guinea pigs and normal control persons stimulated with PMA respectively (P<0.01), and were significantly reduced by PDTC (P<0.01). The apoptosis index of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated with PMA were significantly lower than those of T lymphocytes from asthmatic guinea pigs and asthmatic patients stimulated without PMA respectively (P<0.01) and those of T lymphocytes from normal control guinea pigs and normal control persons stimulated with PMA respectively (P<0.01), and were significantly induced by PDTC (P<0.01). There were good positive correlation between the percentage of cells of nuclear staining of NF-κB of T lymphocytes and the proliferation of T lymphocytes (r=0.51-0.72, P<0.001), and also good negative correlation between the percentage of cells of nuclear staining of NF-κB and the apoptosis index of T lymphocytes (r=-0.55-0.71, P<0.001, respectively). It concludes that the active PKC of asthmatic T lymphocytes promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of T lymphocytes may be mediated by activating NF-κB, the activation of PKC-NF-κB signal pathway of T lymphocytes NF-κB may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.
