目的 建立一种适用于临床样品检测的BRAF基因V600E突变的检测方法.方法 利用已知BRAF基因野生型、突变型样品,以BRAF基因15外显子V600E突变为靶位点设计特异性扩增引物和测序引物,建立BRAF基因V600E突变的SYRB Green PCR-Sanger测序检...目的 建立一种适用于临床样品检测的BRAF基因V600E突变的检测方法.方法 利用已知BRAF基因野生型、突变型样品,以BRAF基因15外显子V600E突变为靶位点设计特异性扩增引物和测序引物,建立BRAF基因V600E突变的SYRB Green PCR-Sanger测序检测方法,并对该方法进行方法学评价和21例结直肠癌临床样品检测.结果 成功建立了BRAF基因V600E突变SYRB GreenPCR-Sanger测序检测方法,该方法的灵敏度达5.0×101拷贝/ul,检测线性范围5×101～ 5×107拷贝/ul,且检测的重复性好.检测21例结直肠癌临床样品,突变率为9.5％（2/21）.结论 成功建立了BRAF基因V600E突变SYRB Green PCR-Sanger测序检测方法,该方法可用于临床样品的检测.展开更多
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and have gained considerable research and treatment interest,especially in the last two decades. GISTs are dr...Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and have gained considerable research and treatment interest,especially in the last two decades. GISTs are driven by mutations commonly found in the KIT gene and less commonly in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene,BRAF gene and succinate dehydrogenase gene. GISTs behave in a spectrum of malignant potential,and both the tumor size and mitotic index are the most commonly used prognostic criteria. Whilst surgical resection can offer the best cure,targeted therapy in the form of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) has revolutionized the management options. As the first-line TKI,imatinib offers treatment for advanced and metastatic GISTs,adjuvant therapy in high-risk GISTs and as a neoadjuvant agent to downsize large tumors prior to resection. The emergence of drug resistance has altered some treatment options,including prolonging the first-line TKI from 1 to 3 years,increasing the dose of TKI or switching to second-line TKI. Other newer TKIs,such as sunitinib and regorafenib,may offer some treatment options for imatinib-resistant GISTs. New molecular targeted therapies are being evaluated,such as inhibitors of BRAF,heat shock protein 90,glutamine and mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling,as well as inhibitors of apoptosis proteins antagonist and even immunotherapy. This editorial review summarizes the recent research trials and potential treatment targets that may influence our future patient-specific management of GISTs. The current guidelines in GIST management from Europe,North America and Asia are highlighted.展开更多
文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and have gained considerable research and treatment interest,especially in the last two decades. GISTs are driven by mutations commonly found in the KIT gene and less commonly in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene,BRAF gene and succinate dehydrogenase gene. GISTs behave in a spectrum of malignant potential,and both the tumor size and mitotic index are the most commonly used prognostic criteria. Whilst surgical resection can offer the best cure,targeted therapy in the form of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs) has revolutionized the management options. As the first-line TKI,imatinib offers treatment for advanced and metastatic GISTs,adjuvant therapy in high-risk GISTs and as a neoadjuvant agent to downsize large tumors prior to resection. The emergence of drug resistance has altered some treatment options,including prolonging the first-line TKI from 1 to 3 years,increasing the dose of TKI or switching to second-line TKI. Other newer TKIs,such as sunitinib and regorafenib,may offer some treatment options for imatinib-resistant GISTs. New molecular targeted therapies are being evaluated,such as inhibitors of BRAF,heat shock protein 90,glutamine and mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling,as well as inhibitors of apoptosis proteins antagonist and even immunotherapy. This editorial review summarizes the recent research trials and potential treatment targets that may influence our future patient-specific management of GISTs. The current guidelines in GIST management from Europe,North America and Asia are highlighted.
