目的:探讨经RGD修饰的生长抑制因子4(inhibitor of growth 4,ING4)基因与第10染色体缺失与张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因(phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)双基因共表达的腺病毒载体(Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN)体...目的:探讨经RGD修饰的生长抑制因子4(inhibitor of growth 4,ING4)基因与第10染色体缺失与张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因(phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)双基因共表达的腺病毒载体(Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN)体外对神经胶质瘤U87细胞的增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响。方法:以Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN为实验组,Ad.RGD-ING4/-PTEN为单基因对照组,PBS、Ad.RGD/Ad-GFP为空白对照组,分别体外感染U87神经胶质瘤细胞。Western blotting检测目的基因ING4和PTEN在U87细胞中的表达,MTT法检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术及Real-time PCR法检测神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因(Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3、HIF-1α)表达变化,划痕实验及Transwell实验检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞迁移及侵袭能力的影响,Real-time PCR法检测侵袭相关基因(MMP-2、MMP-9)表达变化。结果:成功检测到ING4和PTEN仅在实验组及相应单基因对照组中表达。实验组第5天细胞抑制率可达(83.1±4.6)%、凋亡率可达(40.7±4.3)%,与单基因组及空白对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组能明显上调U87细胞中Bax、caspase-3和下调HIF-1α、Bcl-2等细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达(均P<0.05),而且肿瘤侵袭相关分子MMP-2、MMP-9的表达也明显下调(均P<0.05);实验组细胞迁移距离[(70.1±6.2)μm]和穿膜细胞数[(26.6±3.5)个]均明显减少,与单基因组及空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:与单基因腺病毒相比,Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN双基因具有更显著的抑制U87神经胶质瘤细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡,并抑制其迁移及侵袭能力。展开更多
Background The peritoneum response to peritoneal dialysis can lead to fibrosis. The transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1 ） plays a key role in regulating tissue repair and remodelling after injury. Connective tis...Background The peritoneum response to peritoneal dialysis can lead to fibrosis. The transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1 ） plays a key role in regulating tissue repair and remodelling after injury. Connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, a downstream mediator of TGF-β1 inducing fibrosis, has been implicated in peritoneal fibrosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） plays a key role in angiogenesis that can hasten peritoneal fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of small interfering RNA （siRNA） of CTGF by pRETRO-SUPER （PRS） retrovirus vector on the expression of CTGF and VEGF in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Methods Retrovirus producing CTGF siRNA were constructed from the inverted oligonucleotides and transferred into packaging cell line PT67 with lipofectamine, and the virus supernatant was used to infect human peritoneal mesothelial cell （HPMC）. The cells were divided into seven groups： low glucose DMEM, low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml, low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml ＋ PRS-CTGF-siRNA1-4 and low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml ＋ PRS. The expression of CTGF and VEGF were measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Low levels of CTGF and VEGF were detected in confluent HPMCs. Following stimulation with TGF-β1 , the levels of CTGF and VEGF were significantly upregulated （P〈0.01）. Introduction of PRS-CTGF-siRNA1-4 resulted in the significant reduction of CTGF mRNA and protein, and VEGF mRNA （P〈0.01）, especially in groups PRS-CTGF-siRNA, and PRS-CTGF-siRNA4. The introduction of PRS void vector did not have these effects （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The expression of CTGF siRNA mediated by PRS retrovirus vector can effectively reduce the level of CTGF and VEGF induced by TGF-β1 in cultured HPMCs. This study may provide potential therapeutic strategies to prevent the peritoneal fibrosis.展开更多
Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) super-family and functions as a negative regulator of muscle growth.Binding of the specific receptor,Activin receptor IIB(Act RIIB),with myostatin or ...Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) super-family and functions as a negative regulator of muscle growth.Binding of the specific receptor,Activin receptor IIB(Act RIIB),with myostatin or other related TGF-β members,could be inhibited by the activin-binding protein follistatin(Fst) in mammals.Overexpressing Fst in mouse skeletal muscle leads to muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia.To determine if Fst has similar roles in fish,we generated transgenic zebrafish expressing high levels of zebrafish Fst1 using the promoter of the zebrafish skeletal muscle-specific gene,myosin,light polypeptide 2,skeletal muscle(Mylz2).Independent transgenic zebrafish lines exhibited elevated expression levels of myogenic regulatory genes MyoD and Pax7 in muscle cells.Adult Fst1 overexpressing transgenic zebrafish exhibited a slight body weight increase.The high level of Fst1 expression dramatically increased myofiber numbers in skeletal muscle,without significantly changing the fiber size.Our findings suggest that Fst1 overexpression can promote zebrafish muscle growth by enhancing myofiber hyperplasia.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨经RGD修饰的生长抑制因子4(inhibitor of growth 4,ING4)基因与第10染色体缺失与张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因(phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)双基因共表达的腺病毒载体(Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN)体外对神经胶质瘤U87细胞的增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响。方法:以Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN为实验组,Ad.RGD-ING4/-PTEN为单基因对照组,PBS、Ad.RGD/Ad-GFP为空白对照组,分别体外感染U87神经胶质瘤细胞。Western blotting检测目的基因ING4和PTEN在U87细胞中的表达,MTT法检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术及Real-time PCR法检测神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因(Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3、HIF-1α)表达变化,划痕实验及Transwell实验检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞迁移及侵袭能力的影响,Real-time PCR法检测侵袭相关基因(MMP-2、MMP-9)表达变化。结果:成功检测到ING4和PTEN仅在实验组及相应单基因对照组中表达。实验组第5天细胞抑制率可达(83.1±4.6)%、凋亡率可达(40.7±4.3)%,与单基因组及空白对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组能明显上调U87细胞中Bax、caspase-3和下调HIF-1α、Bcl-2等细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达(均P<0.05),而且肿瘤侵袭相关分子MMP-2、MMP-9的表达也明显下调(均P<0.05);实验组细胞迁移距离[(70.1±6.2)μm]和穿膜细胞数[(26.6±3.5)个]均明显减少,与单基因组及空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:与单基因腺病毒相比,Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN双基因具有更显著的抑制U87神经胶质瘤细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡,并抑制其迁移及侵袭能力。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30370811)
文摘Background The peritoneum response to peritoneal dialysis can lead to fibrosis. The transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1 ） plays a key role in regulating tissue repair and remodelling after injury. Connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, a downstream mediator of TGF-β1 inducing fibrosis, has been implicated in peritoneal fibrosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） plays a key role in angiogenesis that can hasten peritoneal fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of small interfering RNA （siRNA） of CTGF by pRETRO-SUPER （PRS） retrovirus vector on the expression of CTGF and VEGF in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Methods Retrovirus producing CTGF siRNA were constructed from the inverted oligonucleotides and transferred into packaging cell line PT67 with lipofectamine, and the virus supernatant was used to infect human peritoneal mesothelial cell （HPMC）. The cells were divided into seven groups： low glucose DMEM, low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml, low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml ＋ PRS-CTGF-siRNA1-4 and low glucose DMEM ＋ TGF-β1 5 ng/ml ＋ PRS. The expression of CTGF and VEGF were measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Low levels of CTGF and VEGF were detected in confluent HPMCs. Following stimulation with TGF-β1 , the levels of CTGF and VEGF were significantly upregulated （P〈0.01）. Introduction of PRS-CTGF-siRNA1-4 resulted in the significant reduction of CTGF mRNA and protein, and VEGF mRNA （P〈0.01）, especially in groups PRS-CTGF-siRNA, and PRS-CTGF-siRNA4. The introduction of PRS void vector did not have these effects （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The expression of CTGF siRNA mediated by PRS retrovirus vector can effectively reduce the level of CTGF and VEGF induced by TGF-β1 in cultured HPMCs. This study may provide potential therapeutic strategies to prevent the peritoneal fibrosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30671600)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2010CB126302,2009CB118701)
文摘Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) super-family and functions as a negative regulator of muscle growth.Binding of the specific receptor,Activin receptor IIB(Act RIIB),with myostatin or other related TGF-β members,could be inhibited by the activin-binding protein follistatin(Fst) in mammals.Overexpressing Fst in mouse skeletal muscle leads to muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia.To determine if Fst has similar roles in fish,we generated transgenic zebrafish expressing high levels of zebrafish Fst1 using the promoter of the zebrafish skeletal muscle-specific gene,myosin,light polypeptide 2,skeletal muscle(Mylz2).Independent transgenic zebrafish lines exhibited elevated expression levels of myogenic regulatory genes MyoD and Pax7 in muscle cells.Adult Fst1 overexpressing transgenic zebrafish exhibited a slight body weight increase.The high level of Fst1 expression dramatically increased myofiber numbers in skeletal muscle,without significantly changing the fiber size.Our findings suggest that Fst1 overexpression can promote zebrafish muscle growth by enhancing myofiber hyperplasia.
