AIM： To examine the role of E-cadherin and betacatenin in carcinogenesis and to assess their prognostic implication in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas （EBV-GCs）. METHODS： We compared the frequency...AIM： To examine the role of E-cadherin and betacatenin in carcinogenesis and to assess their prognostic implication in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas （EBV-GCs）. METHODS： We compared the frequency of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression in 59 EBV-GCs and 120 non-EBV-GCs, and examined the association between patients＇ prognosis and the expressions of these proteins. RESULTS： Neither the cellular-membranous nor the cytoplasmic E-cadherin expression showed any difference between EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs. On the other hand, loss of membranous expression of beta- catenin occurred more frequently in non-EBV-GCs than EBV-GCs [odds ratio = 0.41; 950 confidence interval （CI）, 0.19-0.90]. Furthermore, the nuclear and/or cytoplosmic expression of beta-catenin was seen more frequently in EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （odds ratio = 2.23; 95% CI, 0.97-5.09）, and was observed in a larger proportion of carcinoma cells of EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （P = 0.024）. Survival analysis for non-EBV-GC revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with poor prognosis （P 〈 0.001）. Among EBV- GCs, the depth of invasion （P = 0.005）, lymph node metastasis （P = 0.004） and an intestinal type by Lauren classification （hazard ratio = 9.47; 95% CI, 2.67-33.6） were significantly associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, nuclear and/or cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin was associated with a better prognosis in patients with EBV-GC （hazard ratio = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.93）. CONCLUSION： We observed more frequent preservation of beta-catenin in cell membrane and accumulation in nuclei and/or cytoplasm in EBV-GCs than in non-EBV- GCs. Factors involved in the prognosis of EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs are different in the two conditions.展开更多
A simple and regioselective synthesis of 2-chloro-3-formyl-l,8-naphthyridine （1） through V ilsmeier-Haack cyclization of N-（pyridine-2-yl） acetamide has been reported. The reaction of compound （1） with sodium su...A simple and regioselective synthesis of 2-chloro-3-formyl-l,8-naphthyridine （1） through V ilsmeier-Haack cyclization of N-（pyridine-2-yl） acetamide has been reported. The reaction of compound （1） with sodium sulphide gives thione （2） and the reaction of compound （1） with Na2S/DMF followed by reaction with alkyl halide in one pot afforded thioether （3 and 4）. New naphthyridone （5） was synthesized from the action of acetic acid and POCI3 in compound （1）. The condensation of compounds （1 and 8） with hydroxylamine and aniline leads to the formation of compounds （6, 7 and 9）. The 2-chloro-3-formyl-l,8-naphthyridine was treated with sodium azide underwent cyclization to afford tetrazolo （l,5-a） （l,8-naphthyridine-4-carbaldehyde （8）. The azitidinone （10 and 12） and thioazolidinone （11 and 13） were synthesized from shift base intermediates by using chloroacetyl chloride and thioglycolic acid. The formyl group in compound （1） is subjected to cyano （14） and 3-alkoxycarbonyl （15）, respectively. The ester （15） was treated with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to give acid hydrazide （16） then converted to thio semicarbazide （17） by their reaction with ammonium thiocyanate. New thiadiazolo （18）, triazolo （19） and oxadiazolo （20） have been prepared. The structures of synthesized compounds have been confirmed by suitable spectroscopic techniques such as IR （infrared spectrometry） and ^1H NMR （proton nuclear magnetic resonance）.展开更多
法文口头禅"C’est la vie(生活不就是如此)",是公牛队近几年挥之不去的"开季症候群"最佳写照。上季开季3胜9败灰头土脸,前季开季12胜19败也好不到哪去,大前年还曾苦尝开季九连败,不过这三季公牛队最后皆能化险为...法文口头禅"C’est la vie(生活不就是如此)",是公牛队近几年挥之不去的"开季症候群"最佳写照。上季开季3胜9败灰头土脸,前季开季12胜19败也好不到哪去,大前年还曾苦尝开季九连败,不过这三季公牛队最后皆能化险为夷闯进季后赛,所以本季公牛开季四连败,迄今7胜13败的战绩,何必大惊小怪?展开更多
Topological phases of matter have been extensively investigated in solid-state materials and classical wave systems with integer dimensions. However, topological states in non-integer dimensions remain almost unexplor...Topological phases of matter have been extensively investigated in solid-state materials and classical wave systems with integer dimensions. However, topological states in non-integer dimensions remain almost unexplored. Fractals, being self-similar on different scales, are one of the intriguing complex geometries with non-integer dimensions. Here, we demonstrate fractal higher-order topological states with unprecedented emergent phenomena in a Sierpin? ski acoustic metamaterial. We uncover abundant topological edge and corner states in the acoustic metamaterial due to the fractal geometry. Interestingly,the numbers of the edge and corner states depend exponentially on the system size, and the leading exponent is the Hausdorff fractal dimension of the Sierpin? ski carpet. Furthermore, the results reveal the unconventional spectrum and rich wave patterns of the corner states with consistent simulations and experiments. This study thus unveils unconventional topological states in fractal geometry and may inspire future studies of topological phenomena in non-Euclidean geometries.展开更多
基金Supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (12218231, 17015037, and 18014024) of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
文摘AIM： To examine the role of E-cadherin and betacatenin in carcinogenesis and to assess their prognostic implication in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas （EBV-GCs）. METHODS： We compared the frequency of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression in 59 EBV-GCs and 120 non-EBV-GCs, and examined the association between patients＇ prognosis and the expressions of these proteins. RESULTS： Neither the cellular-membranous nor the cytoplasmic E-cadherin expression showed any difference between EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs. On the other hand, loss of membranous expression of beta- catenin occurred more frequently in non-EBV-GCs than EBV-GCs [odds ratio = 0.41; 950 confidence interval （CI）, 0.19-0.90]. Furthermore, the nuclear and/or cytoplosmic expression of beta-catenin was seen more frequently in EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （odds ratio = 2.23; 95% CI, 0.97-5.09）, and was observed in a larger proportion of carcinoma cells of EBV-GCs than non-EBV-GCs （P = 0.024）. Survival analysis for non-EBV-GC revealed that lymph node metastasis was significantly associated with poor prognosis （P 〈 0.001）. Among EBV- GCs, the depth of invasion （P = 0.005）, lymph node metastasis （P = 0.004） and an intestinal type by Lauren classification （hazard ratio = 9.47; 95% CI, 2.67-33.6） were significantly associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, nuclear and/or cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin was associated with a better prognosis in patients with EBV-GC （hazard ratio = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.11-0.93）. CONCLUSION： We observed more frequent preservation of beta-catenin in cell membrane and accumulation in nuclei and/or cytoplasm in EBV-GCs than in non-EBV- GCs. Factors involved in the prognosis of EBV-GCs and non-EBV-GCs are different in the two conditions.
文摘A simple and regioselective synthesis of 2-chloro-3-formyl-l,8-naphthyridine （1） through V ilsmeier-Haack cyclization of N-（pyridine-2-yl） acetamide has been reported. The reaction of compound （1） with sodium sulphide gives thione （2） and the reaction of compound （1） with Na2S/DMF followed by reaction with alkyl halide in one pot afforded thioether （3 and 4）. New naphthyridone （5） was synthesized from the action of acetic acid and POCI3 in compound （1）. The condensation of compounds （1 and 8） with hydroxylamine and aniline leads to the formation of compounds （6, 7 and 9）. The 2-chloro-3-formyl-l,8-naphthyridine was treated with sodium azide underwent cyclization to afford tetrazolo （l,5-a） （l,8-naphthyridine-4-carbaldehyde （8）. The azitidinone （10 and 12） and thioazolidinone （11 and 13） were synthesized from shift base intermediates by using chloroacetyl chloride and thioglycolic acid. The formyl group in compound （1） is subjected to cyano （14） and 3-alkoxycarbonyl （15）, respectively. The ester （15） was treated with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to give acid hydrazide （16） then converted to thio semicarbazide （17） by their reaction with ammonium thiocyanate. New thiadiazolo （18）, triazolo （19） and oxadiazolo （20） have been prepared. The structures of synthesized compounds have been confirmed by suitable spectroscopic techniques such as IR （infrared spectrometry） and ^1H NMR （proton nuclear magnetic resonance）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12125504,12072108,51621004,and 51905162)the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions+1 种基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2021JJ40626)。
文摘Topological phases of matter have been extensively investigated in solid-state materials and classical wave systems with integer dimensions. However, topological states in non-integer dimensions remain almost unexplored. Fractals, being self-similar on different scales, are one of the intriguing complex geometries with non-integer dimensions. Here, we demonstrate fractal higher-order topological states with unprecedented emergent phenomena in a Sierpin? ski acoustic metamaterial. We uncover abundant topological edge and corner states in the acoustic metamaterial due to the fractal geometry. Interestingly,the numbers of the edge and corner states depend exponentially on the system size, and the leading exponent is the Hausdorff fractal dimension of the Sierpin? ski carpet. Furthermore, the results reveal the unconventional spectrum and rich wave patterns of the corner states with consistent simulations and experiments. This study thus unveils unconventional topological states in fractal geometry and may inspire future studies of topological phenomena in non-Euclidean geometries.
