缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏基岩块渗流特征初探

塔河油田的下奥陶统缝洞型碳酸盐岩基岩块中的微裂缝是其主要储集空间和渗流通道。为了更好地认识此类油藏中基岩块的渗流特征，并建立流体动力学机理，选择渗透率0．1×10^-3～3．1×10^-3μm^2范围内的10块岩心进行单相渗流实验。分析了渗流特征并建立了适合于非达西渗流的非线性渗流模型。实验结果表明：塔河缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏基岩块中的渗流为非达西渗流，存在明显的启动压力，且渗流速度与压力梯度成幂函数关系。

煤基岩块孔裂隙特征及其在煤层气产出中的意义

煤中发育植物细胞残留孔隙、基质孔隙和次生孔隙，植物细胞残留孔隙主要为复杂孔隙树结构，有效孔隙率高。基质孔隙和次生孔隙主要为简单孔隙树结构，孔隙曲折度高，有效孔隙率低，煤基岩块中普遍发育宽１０～２０μｍ，高５０～１０００μｍ的微裂隙，大多数构成连结孔隙和内生裂隙及层面裂隙的重要通道。微裂隙的存在缩短了煤层甲烷扩散的距离，煤层甲烷除在微孔隙中扩散和内生裂隙中流动外，尚在微裂隙中扩散或流动。微裂隙的大小是决定煤层甲烷扩散或流动的关键。

Deep-seated geodynamics and position of Platinum-bearing basite-ultrabasite massifs of southeast Russia

In the southeast part of the North-Asian craton, several ring basite-uhrabasite plutons have been rec- ognized, with which the commercial placers of platinoids associate. Analysis of the known geodynamic models of the region formation and materials of seismic tomography showed that the subduction processes, that actively manifested themselves in the Asia-Pacific convergence zone in Mesozoic, were responsible for initiation of the stagnated oceanic slab. Its NE and SW boundaries appear to coincide with the transform faults. Projection of the transform fault, bordering the above mentioned slab in the NEN, coincides with the Konder-Feklistovsky metal- logenic belt distinguished earlier and its Aldan （Inaglinsky） member. Higher platinum content of ring massifs of the belt is controlled by the influence of the lower mantle derivatives on the ascending upper mantle plumes.