From the roots of Rhaponticum uniflorum a new triterpene was isolated together with ursolic acid(2), 3-oxo-19a-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), pomolic acid (4), 2a,3a,19a-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), arctic ...From the roots of Rhaponticum uniflorum a new triterpene was isolated together with ursolic acid(2), 3-oxo-19a-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), pomolic acid (4), 2a,3a,19a-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), arctic acid (6), catechin (7) and b-sitosterol (8). The structure of the new compound was elucidated as 2a,3a,19a,25-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid (1) on the basis of spectral and chemical methods.展开更多
The production of chemicals from biomass is a very challenging process due to its diverse chemical composition. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are the three main biopolymers of wood biomass, with cell walls ＆pla...The production of chemicals from biomass is a very challenging process due to its diverse chemical composition. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are the three main biopolymers of wood biomass, with cell walls ＆plant origin. Lignin has been chosen for the present studies due to its range of different linkages and structures. The present work involved a computational study of the most dominant lignin dimers and their vibrational structures, based on the Density Functional Theory method. Full geometry optimization of the compartments used the StoBe code with cluster model and non-local functional （RPBE） approach. The calculations of the vibrational frequencies were performed with harmonic approximations as well as an anharmonicity fit in the Morse potential function, as implemented in the StoBe code. In the case oflignin, the calculations included three different precursors based on： coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol. To represent the cellulose and hemicellulose derivatives, selected aldopentoses and aldohexoses （arabinose, xylose, glucose, galactose, and mannose） were considered. Presented here are the theoretical investigations for a variety of biomass derived compounds, to give the possibility of obtaining a theoretical VBD （Vibrations Basis Database） for experimental spectra interpretation. Such a database could be further used in the preliminary composition assessment of biomass derived substrates, which will be discussed here in more detail.展开更多
Crizotinib is a mesenchymal-epithelial transition/anaplastic largecell kinase （MET/ALK） multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been rapidly and successfully developed as an inhibitor in ALK-rearra...Crizotinib is a mesenchymal-epithelial transition/anaplastic largecell kinase （MET/ALK） multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been rapidly and successfully developed as an inhibitor in ALK-rearranged NSCLC （non-small cell lung cancer）. Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-related mortality, accounting for over one quarter of cancer deaths. Lung cancers are generally divided into two main categories： SCLC （small cell lung cancer） and NSCLC. NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. ALK gene rearrangements are identified and targeted resulting in promising response rates for NSCLC in early studies. Considering the significance of Crizotinib in the treatment of NSCLC, the synthesis, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic trials and adverse events are briefly overviewed in order to make more scholars, medical workers and patients have a more clear and comprehensive recognition on Crizotinib.展开更多
AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence...AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence factors, putative antibiotic resis- tance genes and genes encoding enzymes respon- sible for harmful metabolites were identified by blast with virulence factors database, antibiotic resistance genes database and genes associated with harmful metabolites in previous reports. Minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 common antimicrobial agents was evaluated by E-test RESULTS： JDM301 was shown to contain 36 genes as- sociated with antibiotic resistance, 5 enzymes related to harmful metabolites and 162 nonspecific virulence fac- tors mainly associated with transcriptional regulation, adhesion, sugar and amino acid transport. B. longum JDM301 was intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin, ami- kacin, gentamicin and streptomycin and susceptible to vancomycin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, imi- penem and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazol. JDM301 was moderately resistant to bacitracin, while an earlier study showed that bifidobacteria were susceptible to this antibiotic. A tetracycline resistance gene with the risk of transfer was found in JDM301, which needs to be experimentally validated. CONCLUSION： The safety assessment of JDM301 using information derived from complete bacterial ge- nome will contribute to a wider and deeper insight into the safety of probiotic bacteria.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： The purpose of this research is to study the effect of Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） on reproductive toxicity in mice in- duced by a glycoside extracted from Leigongteng （Radix et Rhizoma ...OBJECTIVE： The purpose of this research is to study the effect of Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） on reproductive toxicity in mice in- duced by a glycoside extracted from Leigongteng （Radix et Rhizoma Tripterygii） （GRT）. METHODS： Forty-eight BALB/c mice were random-ly divided into two groups in the ratio of I ： 3, 12 in one group and 36 in the other. The 12-mouse group was the control group that was intragastrical- ly administered physiological saline for 3 weeks. The 36 mice in the other group were given 30 mg- kg ·^-1 d i GRT for 3 weeks, then randomly divided into 3 subgroups： the model group, GRI group and Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） group, with 12 mice in each group. In the model group, 0.25 mL physiological saline was intragastri- cally administered; in the GRT group, GRT, 0.25 mL at 30 mg · kg ^-1· d ^-1 was intragastrically adminis- tered once a day; in the Roucongrong （Herba Cis- tanches Deserticolae） group, mice were adminis- tered Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） decoction equivalent to 0.25 mL at a final dose of 10g.kg 1.d.1 crude drug （calculated as per 20 times of 0.5 g· kg^-1. d ^-1 for adults）, and GRT 0.25 mL at 30 mg- kg^-1· d^- 1 daily. After another 3 weeks of exposure, expression levels of the reproduction-re- lated genes DEAD （Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp） box polypep- tide 3, Y-linked, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were evaluated. RESULTS： After 6 weeks of GRT treatment, the sper- matogenic cell population in the convoluted tu- bule of testis was in disorder and the tubule cavity expanded. Sertoli cell and Leydig cells exhibited at- rophy or disappeared. The number of sperm de- creased. The spermatogenic cell level of testis for male mice was ranked in order and sperm was pro- duced in the cavity of the spermatogenic cell. The expression levels of DDX3Y, BCL6 and STAT3 were up-regulated.CONCLUSION： GRT affected reproduction-related genes. Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Desertico- lae） reversed reproductive toxicity in mice induced by GRT.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： This is a review of the effects of Chi- nese herbal medicine （CHM） used alone to treat lumbar disc herniation （LDH）. METHORDS： A literature search of the following electronic databases from their ince...OBJECTIVE： This is a review of the effects of Chi- nese herbal medicine （CHM） used alone to treat lumbar disc herniation （LDH）. METHORDS： A literature search of the following electronic databases from their inception to Febru- ary 2013 was conducted： Chinese Biomedical data- bases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Sci- ence, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. Randomized con- trolled trials where CHM had been used to treat LDH were selected. Data extraction, quality assess- ment, and data analysis were carried out by two in- dependent reviewers. RESULTS： Of the 2415 studies identified, eight with complete data on 1146 patients were selected. The methodological quality was poor in all trials. Five studies reported that CHM was better than WesternMedicine [OR=2.81, 95% CI （1.27, 6.18）; OR=3.34, 95% CI （1.92, 5.79）; 0R=2.22, 95% CI （1.08, 4.57）; OR= 6.67, 95% CI （1.34, 33.28）; and OR=1.94, 95% CI （1.23, 3.06）]. Two studies reported that the clinical outcome was better in CHM groups than in physio- therapy and placebo groups, [OR=3.02, 9.5% CI （1.08, 8.46）; and OR=2.67, 95% CI （1.26, 5.64）, re- spectively], whereas one study reported no differ- ence between CHM and physiotherapy groups. One study reported that CHM resulted in higher Japanese Orthopedic Association scores [MD=7.78, 95% CI （6.67, 8.89）] than in a control group and an- other that participants treated with CHM had lower Visual Analogue Scale scores [MD=- 0.72, 95% CI （ - 0.86, 0.58）] than those in a control group. Three studies reported that the adverse effects of CHM and Western Medicine did not differ signifi- cantly [OR=0.10, 95% CI （0.01, 1.85）; OR=0.19, 95% CI （0.01,4.07）; and OR=O.07, 95% CI （0.00, 1.32）]. CONCLUSION： CHM may be more effective than other interventions for LDH; however, methodologi- cal weaknesses in the studies assessed in this re- view prevent a definitive conclusion. More high-quality large-scale studies are required to clar- ify this matter.展开更多
文摘From the roots of Rhaponticum uniflorum a new triterpene was isolated together with ursolic acid(2), 3-oxo-19a-hydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), pomolic acid (4), 2a,3a,19a-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5), arctic acid (6), catechin (7) and b-sitosterol (8). The structure of the new compound was elucidated as 2a,3a,19a,25-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-23,28-dioic acid (1) on the basis of spectral and chemical methods.
文摘The production of chemicals from biomass is a very challenging process due to its diverse chemical composition. Lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose are the three main biopolymers of wood biomass, with cell walls ＆plant origin. Lignin has been chosen for the present studies due to its range of different linkages and structures. The present work involved a computational study of the most dominant lignin dimers and their vibrational structures, based on the Density Functional Theory method. Full geometry optimization of the compartments used the StoBe code with cluster model and non-local functional （RPBE） approach. The calculations of the vibrational frequencies were performed with harmonic approximations as well as an anharmonicity fit in the Morse potential function, as implemented in the StoBe code. In the case oflignin, the calculations included three different precursors based on： coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol. To represent the cellulose and hemicellulose derivatives, selected aldopentoses and aldohexoses （arabinose, xylose, glucose, galactose, and mannose） were considered. Presented here are the theoretical investigations for a variety of biomass derived compounds, to give the possibility of obtaining a theoretical VBD （Vibrations Basis Database） for experimental spectra interpretation. Such a database could be further used in the preliminary composition assessment of biomass derived substrates, which will be discussed here in more detail.
文摘Crizotinib is a mesenchymal-epithelial transition/anaplastic largecell kinase （MET/ALK） multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and has been rapidly and successfully developed as an inhibitor in ALK-rearranged NSCLC （non-small cell lung cancer）. Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-related mortality, accounting for over one quarter of cancer deaths. Lung cancers are generally divided into two main categories： SCLC （small cell lung cancer） and NSCLC. NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. ALK gene rearrangements are identified and targeted resulting in promising response rates for NSCLC in early studies. Considering the significance of Crizotinib in the treatment of NSCLC, the synthesis, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic trials and adverse events are briefly overviewed in order to make more scholars, medical workers and patients have a more clear and comprehensive recognition on Crizotinib.
基金Supported by The National Key Program for Infectious Diseases of China,No. 2008ZX10004 and 2009ZX10004the Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist,No. 09XD1402700+1 种基金the Program of Shanghai Research and Development,No. 10JC1408200a China Partnering Award from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council,United Kingdom
文摘AIM： To assess the safety of Bifidobacterium/ongum （B. longum） JDM301 based on complete genome sequences. METHODS： The complete genome sequences of JDM301 were determined using the GS 20 system. Putative virulence factors, putative antibiotic resis- tance genes and genes encoding enzymes respon- sible for harmful metabolites were identified by blast with virulence factors database, antibiotic resistance genes database and genes associated with harmful metabolites in previous reports. Minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 common antimicrobial agents was evaluated by E-test RESULTS： JDM301 was shown to contain 36 genes as- sociated with antibiotic resistance, 5 enzymes related to harmful metabolites and 162 nonspecific virulence fac- tors mainly associated with transcriptional regulation, adhesion, sugar and amino acid transport. B. longum JDM301 was intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin, ami- kacin, gentamicin and streptomycin and susceptible to vancomycin, amoxicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, rifampicin, imi- penem and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazol. JDM301 was moderately resistant to bacitracin, while an earlier study showed that bifidobacteria were susceptible to this antibiotic. A tetracycline resistance gene with the risk of transfer was found in JDM301, which needs to be experimentally validated. CONCLUSION： The safety assessment of JDM301 using information derived from complete bacterial ge- nome will contribute to a wider and deeper insight into the safety of probiotic bacteria.
基金Supported by Ministry of Scientific Technology of China Grant(No.201007005)National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant(No.81173219)+3 种基金Shanghai Science & Technology Commission Grant(No.11DZ1973100No.12ZR1432400)Key Clinic Laboratory of TCM of Shanghai,the Chinese Medicine Development Three Years Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau(No.ZYSNXD-CC-YJXYY)Innovative Research Team in Universities,Shanghai Municipal Education
文摘OBJECTIVE： The purpose of this research is to study the effect of Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） on reproductive toxicity in mice in- duced by a glycoside extracted from Leigongteng （Radix et Rhizoma Tripterygii） （GRT）. METHODS： Forty-eight BALB/c mice were random-ly divided into two groups in the ratio of I ： 3, 12 in one group and 36 in the other. The 12-mouse group was the control group that was intragastrical- ly administered physiological saline for 3 weeks. The 36 mice in the other group were given 30 mg- kg ·^-1 d i GRT for 3 weeks, then randomly divided into 3 subgroups： the model group, GRI group and Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） group, with 12 mice in each group. In the model group, 0.25 mL physiological saline was intragastri- cally administered; in the GRT group, GRT, 0.25 mL at 30 mg · kg ^-1· d ^-1 was intragastrically adminis- tered once a day; in the Roucongrong （Herba Cis- tanches Deserticolae） group, mice were adminis- tered Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Deserticolae） decoction equivalent to 0.25 mL at a final dose of 10g.kg 1.d.1 crude drug （calculated as per 20 times of 0.5 g· kg^-1. d ^-1 for adults）, and GRT 0.25 mL at 30 mg- kg^-1· d^- 1 daily. After another 3 weeks of exposure, expression levels of the reproduction-re- lated genes DEAD （Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp） box polypep- tide 3, Y-linked, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were evaluated. RESULTS： After 6 weeks of GRT treatment, the sper- matogenic cell population in the convoluted tu- bule of testis was in disorder and the tubule cavity expanded. Sertoli cell and Leydig cells exhibited at- rophy or disappeared. The number of sperm de- creased. The spermatogenic cell level of testis for male mice was ranked in order and sperm was pro- duced in the cavity of the spermatogenic cell. The expression levels of DDX3Y, BCL6 and STAT3 were up-regulated.CONCLUSION： GRT affected reproduction-related genes. Roucongrong （Herba Cistanches Desertico- lae） reversed reproductive toxicity in mice induced by GRT.
文摘OBJECTIVE： This is a review of the effects of Chi- nese herbal medicine （CHM） used alone to treat lumbar disc herniation （LDH）. METHORDS： A literature search of the following electronic databases from their inception to Febru- ary 2013 was conducted： Chinese Biomedical data- bases, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Cochrane Library, Web of Sci- ence, MEDLINE, and EMBASE. Randomized con- trolled trials where CHM had been used to treat LDH were selected. Data extraction, quality assess- ment, and data analysis were carried out by two in- dependent reviewers. RESULTS： Of the 2415 studies identified, eight with complete data on 1146 patients were selected. The methodological quality was poor in all trials. Five studies reported that CHM was better than WesternMedicine [OR=2.81, 95% CI （1.27, 6.18）; OR=3.34, 95% CI （1.92, 5.79）; 0R=2.22, 95% CI （1.08, 4.57）; OR= 6.67, 95% CI （1.34, 33.28）; and OR=1.94, 95% CI （1.23, 3.06）]. Two studies reported that the clinical outcome was better in CHM groups than in physio- therapy and placebo groups, [OR=3.02, 9.5% CI （1.08, 8.46）; and OR=2.67, 95% CI （1.26, 5.64）, re- spectively], whereas one study reported no differ- ence between CHM and physiotherapy groups. One study reported that CHM resulted in higher Japanese Orthopedic Association scores [MD=7.78, 95% CI （6.67, 8.89）] than in a control group and an- other that participants treated with CHM had lower Visual Analogue Scale scores [MD=- 0.72, 95% CI （ - 0.86, 0.58）] than those in a control group. Three studies reported that the adverse effects of CHM and Western Medicine did not differ signifi- cantly [OR=0.10, 95% CI （0.01, 1.85）; OR=0.19, 95% CI （0.01,4.07）; and OR=O.07, 95% CI （0.00, 1.32）]. CONCLUSION： CHM may be more effective than other interventions for LDH; however, methodologi- cal weaknesses in the studies assessed in this re- view prevent a definitive conclusion. More high-quality large-scale studies are required to clar- ify this matter.
