目的比较分析实施疾病诊断相关分组(diagnosis related group,DRG)支付方式改革地区的基础病组同病同价支付政策,为该政策的优化与推广提供参考建议。方法检索全国省级医疗保障局网站和190个实施DRG支付方式改革城市的医疗保障局网站,收...目的比较分析实施疾病诊断相关分组(diagnosis related group,DRG)支付方式改革地区的基础病组同病同价支付政策,为该政策的优化与推广提供参考建议。方法检索全国省级医疗保障局网站和190个实施DRG支付方式改革城市的医疗保障局网站,收集2019年1月1日—2024年5月31日其官网发布的DRG政策文件,应用Excel软件整理资料,采用比较分析法归纳总结基础病组政策的地区覆盖、医疗机构覆盖和病组覆盖现状。结果DRG基础病组同病同价支付政策覆盖地区数量少且不均衡,共16个省、2个直辖市及3个自治区的76个地市实施了该政策,占实施DRG付费城市总数的40%,且主要集中于东部地区。医疗机构覆盖面存在差异,大部分地区的基础病组政策覆盖所有级别的医疗机构,部分地区的基础病组政策主要在二级和三级医疗机构实施。病组遴选标准基本一致,以常见、多发,诊疗技术成熟、难度低和医疗费用稳定且差异小为主要纳入标准。地区间基础病组数量、权重和分布不均衡,纳入的基础病组数量为3~117不等,权重区间为0.16~1.57,以内科治疗为主,哮喘和高血压是最常见的基础病组。结论建议进一步扩展DRG基础病组同病同价支付政策覆盖的地区范围,因地制宜确定医疗机构覆盖范围,分阶段扩展病种覆盖范围,加强政策实施效果评价。展开更多
RNA interference （RNAi）, caused by endogenous or exogenous double- stranded RNA （dsRNA） homologous with target genes, refers to gene silencing widely existing in animals and plants. It was first found in plants, a...RNA interference （RNAi）, caused by endogenous or exogenous double- stranded RNA （dsRNA） homologous with target genes, refers to gene silencing widely existing in animals and plants. It was first found in plants, and now it has developed into a kind of biotechnology as well as an important approach in post- genome era. This paper is to summarize the achievements of studies on RNAi tech- nology in basic biology, medicine, pharmacy, botany and other fields.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for population and application of Chinese herbal feed additive in the rex rabbit breeding. [ Methyl] 108 weaned -rex rabbits aged 40 days were divi...[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for population and application of Chinese herbal feed additive in the rex rabbit breeding. [ Methyl] 108 weaned -rex rabbits aged 40 days were divided into three groups with thirty -six each group. Group A were fed basal diet, while group B were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.3% Chinese herbal feed additive and group C were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.4% Chinese herbal feed additive. The meat quality indexes were measured when feeding to 150 age in days. [ Result] There was significant difference among pH value, water loss rate, storing loss rate and crude protein content in each group （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was found in tenderness, cooking percentage, moisture content and crude fat content （ P 〉 0.05）. The total content of ami- no acids, essential amino acids and semi essential amino acids as well as main delicious amino acids was highest in group C accounting for 23.84%, 11.47% and 8.32% respectively, next came group B accounting for 20.94%, 10.64% and 6.81% respectively, and lowest in group C （ control group） accounting for 19.06%, 9.61% and 6.46% respectively. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal feed additive can improve meat quality of rex rabbit the best addition of 0.4%.展开更多
Traditionally governance structures are classified into ＂hierarchy or market＂ or ＂equity or non-equity.＂ However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research an...Traditionally governance structures are classified into ＂hierarchy or market＂ or ＂equity or non-equity.＂ However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research and development（R D） alliances.Therefore,the first objective of this study is to investigate why there exist different organizational governance structures in managing R D alliances;the second objective of this study is to give strategic advice in choosing appropriate forms with respect to various characteristics of R D alliances.Through the theoretical lens that integrate both transaction cost economics（TCE） and the resource-based view（RBV）,a model that focuses on six major factors is developed for determining governance structure choices,namely,technological uncertainty,cultural difference,asset specificity,technology complementarity,appropriability of the individual firm＇s know-how,and trust.An R D alliance with higher technological uncertainty,larger cultural differences,and greater concerns for protecting an individual＇s know-how is more likely to adopt non-integrated alliances as the governing structure.An R D alliance with a higher degree of asset-specificity,greater technology complementarity and greater trust among partnering organizations is more likely to adopt integrated alliances as the governing structure;an R D alliance in the face of lower technological uncertainty will tend to adopt integrated alliances.The more aligned the choice of the governance structure with its determinants,the better the R D alliance will perform,and vice versa.展开更多
文摘目的比较分析实施疾病诊断相关分组(diagnosis related group,DRG)支付方式改革地区的基础病组同病同价支付政策,为该政策的优化与推广提供参考建议。方法检索全国省级医疗保障局网站和190个实施DRG支付方式改革城市的医疗保障局网站,收集2019年1月1日—2024年5月31日其官网发布的DRG政策文件,应用Excel软件整理资料,采用比较分析法归纳总结基础病组政策的地区覆盖、医疗机构覆盖和病组覆盖现状。结果DRG基础病组同病同价支付政策覆盖地区数量少且不均衡,共16个省、2个直辖市及3个自治区的76个地市实施了该政策,占实施DRG付费城市总数的40%,且主要集中于东部地区。医疗机构覆盖面存在差异,大部分地区的基础病组政策覆盖所有级别的医疗机构,部分地区的基础病组政策主要在二级和三级医疗机构实施。病组遴选标准基本一致,以常见、多发,诊疗技术成熟、难度低和医疗费用稳定且差异小为主要纳入标准。地区间基础病组数量、权重和分布不均衡,纳入的基础病组数量为3~117不等,权重区间为0.16~1.57,以内科治疗为主,哮喘和高血压是最常见的基础病组。结论建议进一步扩展DRG基础病组同病同价支付政策覆盖的地区范围,因地制宜确定医疗机构覆盖范围,分阶段扩展病种覆盖范围,加强政策实施效果评价。
文摘RNA interference （RNAi）, caused by endogenous or exogenous double- stranded RNA （dsRNA） homologous with target genes, refers to gene silencing widely existing in animals and plants. It was first found in plants, and now it has developed into a kind of biotechnology as well as an important approach in post- genome era. This paper is to summarize the achievements of studies on RNAi tech- nology in basic biology, medicine, pharmacy, botany and other fields.
文摘[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for population and application of Chinese herbal feed additive in the rex rabbit breeding. [ Methyl] 108 weaned -rex rabbits aged 40 days were divided into three groups with thirty -six each group. Group A were fed basal diet, while group B were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.3% Chinese herbal feed additive and group C were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.4% Chinese herbal feed additive. The meat quality indexes were measured when feeding to 150 age in days. [ Result] There was significant difference among pH value, water loss rate, storing loss rate and crude protein content in each group （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was found in tenderness, cooking percentage, moisture content and crude fat content （ P 〉 0.05）. The total content of ami- no acids, essential amino acids and semi essential amino acids as well as main delicious amino acids was highest in group C accounting for 23.84%, 11.47% and 8.32% respectively, next came group B accounting for 20.94%, 10.64% and 6.81% respectively, and lowest in group C （ control group） accounting for 19.06%, 9.61% and 6.46% respectively. [ Conclusion] The Chinese herbal feed additive can improve meat quality of rex rabbit the best addition of 0.4%.
基金The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Traditionally governance structures are classified into ＂hierarchy or market＂ or ＂equity or non-equity.＂ However,such classifications may not be effective in characterizing all governance structures of research and development（R D） alliances.Therefore,the first objective of this study is to investigate why there exist different organizational governance structures in managing R D alliances;the second objective of this study is to give strategic advice in choosing appropriate forms with respect to various characteristics of R D alliances.Through the theoretical lens that integrate both transaction cost economics（TCE） and the resource-based view（RBV）,a model that focuses on six major factors is developed for determining governance structure choices,namely,technological uncertainty,cultural difference,asset specificity,technology complementarity,appropriability of the individual firm＇s know-how,and trust.An R D alliance with higher technological uncertainty,larger cultural differences,and greater concerns for protecting an individual＇s know-how is more likely to adopt non-integrated alliances as the governing structure.An R D alliance with a higher degree of asset-specificity,greater technology complementarity and greater trust among partnering organizations is more likely to adopt integrated alliances as the governing structure;an R D alliance in the face of lower technological uncertainty will tend to adopt integrated alliances.The more aligned the choice of the governance structure with its determinants,the better the R D alliance will perform,and vice versa.
