The study was to investigate the changes of α-amylase inhibitor content in Pu-erh tea during pile-fermentation process. Pu-erh tea samples from two regions of Shuangjiang County and Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous Count...The study was to investigate the changes of α-amylase inhibitor content in Pu-erh tea during pile-fermentation process. Pu-erh tea samples from two regions of Shuangjiang County and Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province at various fermentation stages were used as experimental materials to investigate the effect of different fermentation stages on the inhibitory effect to α-amylase; and the change law of the inhibitory effect of c-amylase inhibitor during processing was meanwhile studied by determining the contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid. The results showed that crude meterial of Pu-erh tea presented strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase; this inhibitory effect assumed a de： creasing trend to the minimum at the middle stage of fermentation, whereafter it increased to some extent. Made tea also showed a strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase. During whole processing period, contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid generally assumed a remarkably decreasing trend. Our results provided references for further isolating co-amylase inhibitor from Pu-erh tea and discussing the mechanism of its health care function.展开更多
The inheritance of seed color and seed luster of mungbean was studied by using accessions/varieties with different seed color,black (Bkck),green (KPS1) and green (KPS2).In KPS2×Bkck combination,the p2 seed color ...The inheritance of seed color and seed luster of mungbean was studied by using accessions/varieties with different seed color,black (Bkck),green (KPS1) and green (KPS2).In KPS2×Bkck combination,the p2 seed color was shiny black.The F3 data indicated the following genotype:3B-for black seed color,and 1 bb for green seed color.Plant purple petiole gene and black seed color gene were very close linkage.There was no segregation between them.Perhaps the same gene B controlled the color of purple petiole.Moreover in KPS1X Bkck combination F3 seed color popuktion showed a wide rang of phenotypic variability.Perhaps seed luster was controlled by more than two genes.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to study regularity of pesticide residues in vegetables produced in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Mathematical statistic analysis was carried out on 6 800 samples of veggies,fruits,leguminous vegetab...[Objective]The paper was to study regularity of pesticide residues in vegetables produced in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Mathematical statistic analysis was carried out on 6 800 samples of veggies,fruits,leguminous vegetables,nuts and seeds produced in Inner Mongolia.[Result]The dominated vegetables in Inner Mongolia were green leafy vegetables,solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables,and their yields accounted for 70%of the total vegetables production.Since 2003,with the rapid increase of detected vegetable numbers,the status of vegetable quality safety had entered into a new stage of sustainable steady after a rapid decline or periodic fluctuation,and the differences in safety levels were obvious,of which the range of exceeding standard rate of pesticide residues in solanaceous vegetables,melon vegetables and leguminous vegetables(about 55%of the total vegetables)was under 2%,with average values of 1.1%,1.6%and 3.1%,respectively.They belonged to stable type.The exceeding standard rate of pesticide residues in green leafy vegetables and Chinese cabbage group(about 30%of total vegetables)presented a decreasing trend year by year,wondering in the range of 7%-10%.They belonged to main risk type.The time period of exceeding standard of pesticide residues in root vegetables and cole vegetables was under predictable,and its exceeding standard rate in some years was over 5%(amplitude variation is over 15percentage points).They belonged to random risk type.The kinds of pesticides,which exceeding standard rate in vegetables were relatively intensive,presented variance in different vegetable species.70%of the pesticides belonged to intermittent over-limits and the probability was below 5%.About 20%tradition pesticides often exceeded standard and their probabilities were over 30%.The exceeding standard of organophosphorus and carbamates pesticides in vegetables presented a decreasing tend,while the risk of some new pesticides containing nitrogen element and high effective pyrethroids showed an increasing tendency.[Conclusion]The paper provided decision making services for agricultural management departments.展开更多
Seismic gap method is one of the effective earthquake prediction methods using seismicity patterns. However, this method has some limitations and uncertainty when using it singly in predicting earthquakes. This paper ...Seismic gap method is one of the effective earthquake prediction methods using seismicity patterns. However, this method has some limitations and uncertainty when using it singly in predicting earthquakes. This paper puts forward the prediction method using the dynamic seismicity pattern with dynamic implications. This method considers the formation and evolution of the seismic gap on the basis of plate movement and structural characteristics. Through analysis of 26 cases of earthquakes of MS≥5.0 occurring in East China and South China, this paper obtains the relationship between the main shock with seismic gap and active fault's location, as well as the relationship between the seismic gap and location and strike of active faults. Meanwhile, this paper provides a dynamic explanation of the differences in the formation and evolution patterns of the seismic gap between the two regions, thus providing the physical basis for and reducing the uncertainty of predicting earthquakes using the seismic gap method.展开更多
Objective To explore the specificity of acupoint effect and its fundamental laws. Methods We use evidence-based medicine method and data mining technology for ancient and modern acupuncture literature of migraine and ...Objective To explore the specificity of acupoint effect and its fundamental laws. Methods We use evidence-based medicine method and data mining technology for ancient and modern acupuncture literature of migraine and functional dyspepsia to uncover the specificity and its laws. We apply multicenter,randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for migraine to identify the specificity from clini-cal aspects; to explain the biological base of the specificity,we analyze the PET/CT and NMR result on migraine and functional dyspepsia cases treated by acupuncture. Results The viewpoint of specificity of acupoint effect and its two fundamental laws (meridian course specificity and meridian qi convergence specificity)were found both in ancient and modern literature; compared to non-acupoints,the acupoints effect was specific on 180 migraine patients in the randomized controlled trials; the results of PET/CT scan showed that brain response to acupoint needling is more obvious than that of non-acupoint needling; NMR detected the influence on metabolic product of acupoint needling is more apparent than non-acupoint needling. Conclusions Our research confirmed that acupoint effect not only has its specificity but also has two fundamental laws:meridian course specificity and meridian qi convergence specificity,of which the biological base is supported by imaging and metabonomic studies.展开更多
Examples of heat transfer and heat-work conversion are optimized with entropy generation and entransy loss,respectively based on the generalized heat transfer law in this paper.The applicability of entropy generation ...Examples of heat transfer and heat-work conversion are optimized with entropy generation and entransy loss,respectively based on the generalized heat transfer law in this paper.The applicability of entropy generation and entransy loss evaluation in these optimization problems is analyzed and discussed.The results show that the entransy loss rate reduces to the entransy dissipation rate in heat transfer processes,and that the entransy loss evaluation is effective for heat transfer optimization.However,the maximum heat transfer rate does not correspond to the minimum entropy generation rate with prescribed heat transfer temperature difference,which indicates that the entropy generation minimization is not always appropriate to heat transfer optimization.For heat-work conversion processes,the maximum entransy loss rate and the minimum entropy generation rate both correspond to the maximum output power,and they are both appropriate to the optimization of the heat-work conversion processes discussed in this paper.展开更多
文摘The study was to investigate the changes of α-amylase inhibitor content in Pu-erh tea during pile-fermentation process. Pu-erh tea samples from two regions of Shuangjiang County and Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province at various fermentation stages were used as experimental materials to investigate the effect of different fermentation stages on the inhibitory effect to α-amylase; and the change law of the inhibitory effect of c-amylase inhibitor during processing was meanwhile studied by determining the contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid. The results showed that crude meterial of Pu-erh tea presented strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase; this inhibitory effect assumed a de： creasing trend to the minimum at the middle stage of fermentation, whereafter it increased to some extent. Made tea also showed a strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase. During whole processing period, contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid generally assumed a remarkably decreasing trend. Our results provided references for further isolating co-amylase inhibitor from Pu-erh tea and discussing the mechanism of its health care function.
文摘The inheritance of seed color and seed luster of mungbean was studied by using accessions/varieties with different seed color,black (Bkck),green (KPS1) and green (KPS2).In KPS2×Bkck combination,the p2 seed color was shiny black.The F3 data indicated the following genotype:3B-for black seed color,and 1 bb for green seed color.Plant purple petiole gene and black seed color gene were very close linkage.There was no segregation between them.Perhaps the same gene B controlled the color of purple petiole.Moreover in KPS1X Bkck combination F3 seed color popuktion showed a wide rang of phenotypic variability.Perhaps seed luster was controlled by more than two genes.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Inner Mongolia(2011CXJJN01)Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(20120438)
文摘[Objective]The paper was to study regularity of pesticide residues in vegetables produced in Inner Mongolia.[Method]Mathematical statistic analysis was carried out on 6 800 samples of veggies,fruits,leguminous vegetables,nuts and seeds produced in Inner Mongolia.[Result]The dominated vegetables in Inner Mongolia were green leafy vegetables,solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables,and their yields accounted for 70%of the total vegetables production.Since 2003,with the rapid increase of detected vegetable numbers,the status of vegetable quality safety had entered into a new stage of sustainable steady after a rapid decline or periodic fluctuation,and the differences in safety levels were obvious,of which the range of exceeding standard rate of pesticide residues in solanaceous vegetables,melon vegetables and leguminous vegetables(about 55%of the total vegetables)was under 2%,with average values of 1.1%,1.6%and 3.1%,respectively.They belonged to stable type.The exceeding standard rate of pesticide residues in green leafy vegetables and Chinese cabbage group(about 30%of total vegetables)presented a decreasing trend year by year,wondering in the range of 7%-10%.They belonged to main risk type.The time period of exceeding standard of pesticide residues in root vegetables and cole vegetables was under predictable,and its exceeding standard rate in some years was over 5%(amplitude variation is over 15percentage points).They belonged to random risk type.The kinds of pesticides,which exceeding standard rate in vegetables were relatively intensive,presented variance in different vegetable species.70%of the pesticides belonged to intermittent over-limits and the probability was below 5%.About 20%tradition pesticides often exceeded standard and their probabilities were over 30%.The exceeding standard of organophosphorus and carbamates pesticides in vegetables presented a decreasing tend,while the risk of some new pesticides containing nitrogen element and high effective pyrethroids showed an increasing tendency.[Conclusion]The paper provided decision making services for agricultural management departments.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Program of China Earthquake Administration (No. 2006BAC01B02-01-05)Anhui Provincial Science and Technique Foundation (No. 08010302204)Joint Earthquake Science Fundation (A08077)
文摘Seismic gap method is one of the effective earthquake prediction methods using seismicity patterns. However, this method has some limitations and uncertainty when using it singly in predicting earthquakes. This paper puts forward the prediction method using the dynamic seismicity pattern with dynamic implications. This method considers the formation and evolution of the seismic gap on the basis of plate movement and structural characteristics. Through analysis of 26 cases of earthquakes of MS≥5.0 occurring in East China and South China, this paper obtains the relationship between the main shock with seismic gap and active fault's location, as well as the relationship between the seismic gap and location and strike of active faults. Meanwhile, this paper provides a dynamic explanation of the differences in the formation and evolution patterns of the seismic gap between the two regions, thus providing the physical basis for and reducing the uncertainty of predicting earthquakes using the seismic gap method.
文摘Objective To explore the specificity of acupoint effect and its fundamental laws. Methods We use evidence-based medicine method and data mining technology for ancient and modern acupuncture literature of migraine and functional dyspepsia to uncover the specificity and its laws. We apply multicenter,randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for migraine to identify the specificity from clini-cal aspects; to explain the biological base of the specificity,we analyze the PET/CT and NMR result on migraine and functional dyspepsia cases treated by acupuncture. Results The viewpoint of specificity of acupoint effect and its two fundamental laws (meridian course specificity and meridian qi convergence specificity)were found both in ancient and modern literature; compared to non-acupoints,the acupoints effect was specific on 180 migraine patients in the randomized controlled trials; the results of PET/CT scan showed that brain response to acupoint needling is more obvious than that of non-acupoint needling; NMR detected the influence on metabolic product of acupoint needling is more apparent than non-acupoint needling. Conclusions Our research confirmed that acupoint effect not only has its specificity but also has two fundamental laws:meridian course specificity and meridian qi convergence specificity,of which the biological base is supported by imaging and metabonomic studies.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 51136001)the Tsinghua University Initiative ScientificResearch Program
文摘Examples of heat transfer and heat-work conversion are optimized with entropy generation and entransy loss,respectively based on the generalized heat transfer law in this paper.The applicability of entropy generation and entransy loss evaluation in these optimization problems is analyzed and discussed.The results show that the entransy loss rate reduces to the entransy dissipation rate in heat transfer processes,and that the entransy loss evaluation is effective for heat transfer optimization.However,the maximum heat transfer rate does not correspond to the minimum entropy generation rate with prescribed heat transfer temperature difference,which indicates that the entropy generation minimization is not always appropriate to heat transfer optimization.For heat-work conversion processes,the maximum entransy loss rate and the minimum entropy generation rate both correspond to the maximum output power,and they are both appropriate to the optimization of the heat-work conversion processes discussed in this paper.
