Simulated wastewater of hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine （RDX） and octahydro- 1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7- tetrazocine （HMX） was treated under anaerobic conditions with co-substrates such as ammonium chlori...Simulated wastewater of hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine （RDX） and octahydro- 1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7- tetrazocine （HMX） was treated under anaerobic conditions with co-substrates such as ammonium chloride, dex- trose, sodium acetic, sodium nitrate and sulfate. The results showed that with nitrogen compounds such as ammonium chloride added as co-substrate, no significant change was observed, indicating that the molar ratio of N/C for RDX and HMX is sufficient for biodegradation. With the addition of dextrose and acetate to the system, biodegradation efficiency was enhanced greatly. For example, with dextrose as the co-substrate, degradation efficiency of 99.1% and 98.5% was achieved for RDX and HMX, respectively, after treatment for 7 days. When so- dium acetic was used as the co-substrate, the enhancement of degradation percentage was similar, but was not as high as that with dextrose, indicating the selectivity of RDX and HMX to co-substrate during anaerobic degrada- tion. With sodium nitrate as the co-substrate, the degradation efficiency of RDX or HMX decreased with the increase of salt concentration. Sodium sulfate has no significant effect on the biodegradation of RDX and HMX. A well-selected co-substrate should be employed in applications for degradation of RDX and HMX wastewaters.展开更多
Aortic aneurysms are common and life threatening problems with high rates of death.The initiation and progression of aneurysms are characterized by extensive extracellular matrix degradation and immune cells invasion ...Aortic aneurysms are common and life threatening problems with high rates of death.The initiation and progression of aneurysms are characterized by extensive extracellular matrix degradation and immune cells invasion within arterial wall.During the pathogenesis of all aneurysms,inflammation and immune cells play a significant role.Although T cells are abundant in aneurysm tissue,their functions in initiation and propagation of aneurysms remain unclear.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of T lymphocytes on this disease and focuses on potential mechanisms of specific T cell responses.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2117619)Major Project of Innovation of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province(2011KTZB03-03-01)
文摘Simulated wastewater of hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine （RDX） and octahydro- 1,3,5,7-tetranitro- 1,3,5,7- tetrazocine （HMX） was treated under anaerobic conditions with co-substrates such as ammonium chloride, dex- trose, sodium acetic, sodium nitrate and sulfate. The results showed that with nitrogen compounds such as ammonium chloride added as co-substrate, no significant change was observed, indicating that the molar ratio of N/C for RDX and HMX is sufficient for biodegradation. With the addition of dextrose and acetate to the system, biodegradation efficiency was enhanced greatly. For example, with dextrose as the co-substrate, degradation efficiency of 99.1% and 98.5% was achieved for RDX and HMX, respectively, after treatment for 7 days. When so- dium acetic was used as the co-substrate, the enhancement of degradation percentage was similar, but was not as high as that with dextrose, indicating the selectivity of RDX and HMX to co-substrate during anaerobic degrada- tion. With sodium nitrate as the co-substrate, the degradation efficiency of RDX or HMX decreased with the increase of salt concentration. Sodium sulfate has no significant effect on the biodegradation of RDX and HMX. A well-selected co-substrate should be employed in applications for degradation of RDX and HMX wastewaters.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB531103,2012CB517805)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81222002,91339118)
文摘Aortic aneurysms are common and life threatening problems with high rates of death.The initiation and progression of aneurysms are characterized by extensive extracellular matrix degradation and immune cells invasion within arterial wall.During the pathogenesis of all aneurysms,inflammation and immune cells play a significant role.Although T cells are abundant in aneurysm tissue,their functions in initiation and propagation of aneurysms remain unclear.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of T lymphocytes on this disease and focuses on potential mechanisms of specific T cell responses.
