The dynamic interaction between tunnel lining and its surrounding soil is a complicated issue as the magnitude of seismic wave from bedrock to the structure can be easily influenced by the geometrical layout and struc...The dynamic interaction between tunnel lining and its surrounding soil is a complicated issue as the magnitude of seismic wave from bedrock to the structure can be easily influenced by the geometrical layout and structural stiffness of the tunnel.A series of numerical analysis was conducted to study the dynamic response of the tunnel lining of side-by-side and vertically stacked double-tube tunnel since the inertia and kinematic interactions between the tunnel lining and the surrounding soil during an earthquake could induce excessive stresses to the lining itself due to the stiffness variation between the lining and the soil.Real earthquake ground acceleration was used as an input motion in the dynamic analysis.The interactive behavior of bending moment and axial forces,and the displacement of the tunnels were used to evaluate the effect of tunnel geometrical layout on the performance of the lining.It is found that the effect of earthquake on the axial thrust of the lining is insignificant,and there is a reduction of the bending moment in the lining due to the redistribution of the surrounding soil after the earthquake.展开更多
Compact molecular packing with short π-π stacking and large π-overlap in organic semiconductors is desirable for efficient charge transport and high carrier mobility. Thus charge transport anisotropy along differen...Compact molecular packing with short π-π stacking and large π-overlap in organic semiconductors is desirable for efficient charge transport and high carrier mobility. Thus charge transport anisotropy along different directions is commonly observed in organic semiconductors. Interestingly, in this article, we found that comparable charge transport property were achieved based on the single crystals of a bis-fused tetrathiafulvalene derivative （EM-TTP） compound along two interaction directions, that is, the multiple strong S…S intermolecular interactions and the π-π stacking direction, with the measured electrical conductivity and hole mobility of 0.4 S cm-1, 0.94 cm2 V i s 1 and 0.2 S cm-1, 0.65 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively. This finding provides us a new molecular design concept for developing novel organic semiconductors with isotropic charge transport property through the synergistic effect of multiple intermolecular interactions （such as π-π interactions） and π-π stacking.展开更多
文摘The dynamic interaction between tunnel lining and its surrounding soil is a complicated issue as the magnitude of seismic wave from bedrock to the structure can be easily influenced by the geometrical layout and structural stiffness of the tunnel.A series of numerical analysis was conducted to study the dynamic response of the tunnel lining of side-by-side and vertically stacked double-tube tunnel since the inertia and kinematic interactions between the tunnel lining and the surrounding soil during an earthquake could induce excessive stresses to the lining itself due to the stiffness variation between the lining and the soil.Real earthquake ground acceleration was used as an input motion in the dynamic analysis.The interactive behavior of bending moment and axial forces,and the displacement of the tunnels were used to evaluate the effect of tunnel geometrical layout on the performance of the lining.It is found that the effect of earthquake on the axial thrust of the lining is insignificant,and there is a reduction of the bending moment in the lining due to the redistribution of the surrounding soil after the earthquake.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2016YFB0401100,2013CB933403,2013CB933504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51633006,91433115,51222306,91222203,91233205,21472116)+3 种基金Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB12030300)Beijing NOVA Programmer(Z131101000413038)Beijing Local College Innovation Team Improve Plan(IDHT20140512)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS
文摘Compact molecular packing with short π-π stacking and large π-overlap in organic semiconductors is desirable for efficient charge transport and high carrier mobility. Thus charge transport anisotropy along different directions is commonly observed in organic semiconductors. Interestingly, in this article, we found that comparable charge transport property were achieved based on the single crystals of a bis-fused tetrathiafulvalene derivative （EM-TTP） compound along two interaction directions, that is, the multiple strong S…S intermolecular interactions and the π-π stacking direction, with the measured electrical conductivity and hole mobility of 0.4 S cm-1, 0.94 cm2 V i s 1 and 0.2 S cm-1, 0.65 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively. This finding provides us a new molecular design concept for developing novel organic semiconductors with isotropic charge transport property through the synergistic effect of multiple intermolecular interactions （such as π-π interactions） and π-π stacking.
