It is of great significance to study gas hydrate because of following reasons. （1） Most organic carbon in the earth reserves in the form of natural gas hydrate, which is considered as a potential energy resource for...It is of great significance to study gas hydrate because of following reasons. （1） Most organic carbon in the earth reserves in the form of natural gas hydrate, which is considered as a potential energy resource for the survival of human being in the future. （2） A series of novel technologies are based on gas hydrate. （3） Gas hydrate may lead to many hazards including plugging of oil/gas pipelines, accelerating global warming up, etc. In this paper, the latest progresses in exploration and exploitation of natural gas hydrate, the development of hydrate-based technologies including gas separation, gas storage, CO2 sequestration via forming hydrate, as well as the prevention of hydrate hazards are reviewed. Additionally, the progresses in the fundamental study of gas hydrate, including the thermodynamics and kinetics are also reviewed. A prospect to the future of gas hydrate research and application is given.展开更多
In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model whic...In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model which simulated the real conditions of oil wells existing channeling.Above all,the influence factors including reservoir pressure,permeability,oil saturation and gas-to-liquid ratio were studied through dynamic experiment.Then,in light of the technology characteristics of foam injection in oil field,the comparison between gas-liquid and liquid-gas injection modes was studied.The result shows that the gas-liquid injection mode can ensure the foam injectivity and plugging performance.The plugging validity of nitrogen foam injected into the formation water layer was evaluated in different plugging pressure gradients by the dynamic method which is more reasonable than the static evaluation method in laboratory.The research demonstrates that the plugging validity period of foam decreases with plugging pressure gradient increasing.If the plugging pressure gradient is 0.15 MPa/m,the validity period is 160 h.Finally,a empirical equation and a plate about the plugging validity and the plugging pressure gradient were obtained for forecasting the validity period of foam.展开更多
In the present study the membrane fouling in microfiltraiton used for cell harvesting in a deadend system has been investigated. Experimental results were analysed in terms of existing membrane filtration models and m...In the present study the membrane fouling in microfiltraiton used for cell harvesting in a deadend system has been investigated. Experimental results were analysed in terms of existing membrane filtration models and membrane resistances. The cake filtration model (CFM) and standard blocking model (SBM) have been considered in this study.Various membrane resistances were determined at different processing time, feed concentration and stirring speed. Resistances to permeation in this system include filter medium, pore blocking, adsorption, cake layer and concentration polarization.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20925623 21076225） the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2007AA09Z311）+1 种基金 the National Science ＆ Technology Major Project （2008ZX05026-004-03） the National Basic Research Program of China （2009CB219504）
文摘It is of great significance to study gas hydrate because of following reasons. （1） Most organic carbon in the earth reserves in the form of natural gas hydrate, which is considered as a potential energy resource for the survival of human being in the future. （2） A series of novel technologies are based on gas hydrate. （3） Gas hydrate may lead to many hazards including plugging of oil/gas pipelines, accelerating global warming up, etc. In this paper, the latest progresses in exploration and exploitation of natural gas hydrate, the development of hydrate-based technologies including gas separation, gas storage, CO2 sequestration via forming hydrate, as well as the prevention of hydrate hazards are reviewed. Additionally, the progresses in the fundamental study of gas hydrate, including the thermodynamics and kinetics are also reviewed. A prospect to the future of gas hydrate research and application is given.
基金Project(2006CB705800)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model which simulated the real conditions of oil wells existing channeling.Above all,the influence factors including reservoir pressure,permeability,oil saturation and gas-to-liquid ratio were studied through dynamic experiment.Then,in light of the technology characteristics of foam injection in oil field,the comparison between gas-liquid and liquid-gas injection modes was studied.The result shows that the gas-liquid injection mode can ensure the foam injectivity and plugging performance.The plugging validity of nitrogen foam injected into the formation water layer was evaluated in different plugging pressure gradients by the dynamic method which is more reasonable than the static evaluation method in laboratory.The research demonstrates that the plugging validity period of foam decreases with plugging pressure gradient increasing.If the plugging pressure gradient is 0.15 MPa/m,the validity period is 160 h.Finally,a empirical equation and a plate about the plugging validity and the plugging pressure gradient were obtained for forecasting the validity period of foam.
文摘In the present study the membrane fouling in microfiltraiton used for cell harvesting in a deadend system has been investigated. Experimental results were analysed in terms of existing membrane filtration models and membrane resistances. The cake filtration model (CFM) and standard blocking model (SBM) have been considered in this study.Various membrane resistances were determined at different processing time, feed concentration and stirring speed. Resistances to permeation in this system include filter medium, pore blocking, adsorption, cake layer and concentration polarization.
