导水岩溶陷落柱堵水塞建造技术

以东庞矿特大陷落柱突水快速封堵工程为例,分析了陷落柱空间结构特征及突水水文地质条件,提出了对突水陷落柱进行快速截水恢复生产和注浆封堵根治水患两个阶段的治理方案。根据陷落柱的空间特征及工程地质条件,确立了分序分段注浆工艺,并且给出了不同阶段注浆工艺的控制标准;建立了注浆钻孔分序分段注浆的吸水率结束标准;提出了在井下疏放堵水塞之上的陷落柱残留水,计算补给水量,定量评价堵水效果的检验方法;采用先进的螺杆钻具定向、随钻测斜与防斜纠偏钻探工艺,使钻进方向始终处于受控状态,确保钻机按照设计参数施工。

叠层多分支水平井精准建造陷落柱堵水塞技术

岩溶陷落柱突水是煤矿重大水患,陷落柱治理通常是在矿井淹井后进行,如何实现由被动治理向主动防治转变,是防治水重大难题之一。基于淮南某矿大型垂向导水陷落柱的三维地震剖面同相轴错断(下拉)和地震属性切片上近圆形的异常分布等初筛发现,地面7个钻孔取心钻探、群孔抽水试验、测井测温、拟电流场测漏等勘探验证,综合资料对比研究;进一步查清了陷落柱平面近似椭圆形(陷落柱断裂带在1煤底板上长轴95 m,短轴74 m),剖面上“上小下大”的椎体形态,导水裂隙带发育顶界高度至4煤底板的骆驼钵砂岩、基底在寒武系灰岩中等陷落柱形态特征和水文地质条件;提出了在陷落柱的1煤底板裂隙区,剖面上分别沿太原群C3Ⅱ组9灰和C3Ⅰ组3灰、设计叠层多分支水平井(相邻水平井间距40 m,扩散半径20 m);平面上以1煤导水裂隙带以外100 m范围来设计形成320 m×290 m陷落柱平面治理范围。结果表明:通过多分支水平井造孔轨迹精准控制,反复充填+压裂注浆工艺实施和注浆质量效果针对性的检验等,实见1煤裂隙区浆液有效扩散半径超过80 m,1煤底板隔水层岩柱厚度超81.8 m、大于奥灰高压含水层突水系数的要求,平面上和剖面上立体精准地建造陷落柱的“堵水塞”,实现了华北型岩溶陷落柱超前治理。

恒泰石膏矿I_2 2回风巷堵水工程的质量控制研究

针对第一次注浆堵水失败的问题,恒泰石膏矿采用了水文地质条件探查、注水方案设计质量控制、注浆过程的质量控制、试排水质量控制、堵水效果评价标准控制等工程系统评价方法,确保堵水工程的顺利有效地进行。

恒泰公司石膏矿I_22回风巷堵水工程质量控制研究

针对第一次注浆堵水失败的问题,恒泰公司石膏矿采用了水文地质条件探查、注水方案设计质量控制、注浆过程的质量控制、试排水质量控制、堵水效果评价标准控制等一系列质量控制方法,确保堵水的顺利进行和成功。

宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道1·21突水突泥抢险治理技术

研究目的：通过介绍宜万铁路马鹿箐隧道突水突泥过程、抽排水试验，地表深孔施作堵水塞，对施工过程中开挖揭示堵水塞施作情况进行观察，分析第一次堵水塞失效原因，探讨堵水塞机理，并对堵水塞今后施作提出技术改进措施，以期为今后类似工程抢险积累经验。研究结论：隧道发生突水突泥后，若突水物以泥砂为主，采取抽水措施难以达到目的，应采取堵水塞措施。堵水塞对马鹿箐隧道突水突泥治理是成功的。堵水塞设计长度除进行抗剪强度验算外，应根据工程突水突泥介质特征和注浆机理确定。马鹿箐隧道突水突泥介质为粘性土和水，堵水塞注浆机理主要表现为挤占沉积作用和水化固结作用，同时受地表降雨和间断注浆影响，产生浆液结石体层问浮积作用，因此，堵水塞长度应取10～20倍洞径为宜。

平朔井工一矿导水陷落柱注浆加固治理技术

为了减少导水陷落柱对煤矿安全生产带来的危害,对陷落柱进行注浆加固是很有效的手段,基于平朔井工一矿19108工作面2#陷落柱注浆加固治理,探讨了陷落柱注浆加固治理技术,采用"边施工、边分析、边优化设计"的治理原则,提出了注浆工程注浆结束标准以及陷落柱治理后效果检验方法。结果表明:陷落柱发育特征是进行注浆加固治理的前提条件,合理的钻孔布置、注浆参数选择是注浆加固治理的关键技术,注浆以先稀后稠,注浆压力从2MPa到6MPa逐步增加,检验孔工程质量检查、原探查孔出水量、水质分析等是有效的效果检验方法,通过治理,19108工作面安全通过2#陷落柱。

Effects of Hydraulic Loading of Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Clogging

[Objective] The aim was to al eviate the constructed wetland clogging problems and to explore to the effects of hydraulic loading on wetland clogging. [Method] The experiment, through artificial soil columns, simulated vertical flow arti-ficial wetland, set four hydraulic load level at 50, 100, 150 and 200 cm/d, to identify the impact of hydraulic loading on wetland clogging and to explore the factors run-ning threshold. [Result] The results show that the different levels of hydraulic loading have greater impact; in the constructed wetland clogging process under high hy-draulic loading of 200 cm/d, the effective life was only six months, and the single factor can be speculated that the threshold of the hydraulic load should be at 100-150 cm/d; system can last for six months at low hydraulic loading and last for three months at medium hydraulic load. [Conclusion] The research provides references for wetland clogging experiments in future.

地表深孔注浆技术在马鹿箐隧道抢险救援中的应用

本文结合马鹿箐隧道抢险救援中两次构建堵水塞的实际情况,详细介绍了采用车载顶驱钻机从地表钻孔275m,准确到达平导巷内,通过注浆隔断溶腔水源的施工工艺。

Development of City Transport System and Two-wheel Vehicles

Based on the study on the city transport systems of some typical cities worldwide,this paper put forward that each city transport system has its own development mode,which is influenced by the city development plan,economic development level,traveling vehicle composition etc..When some problems occur,such as the congestions caused by contradiction between the road capacity and vehicle composition,the city transport system may come into temporary maturity period.If the improvement for road system is limited meanwhile,optimized structure of vehicle composition should be an effective solution in this case.With the development of economy-internationalization,the development speed of city transport modernization is rapid.When traveling easiness is conflicting with efficiency,the advantages of public transport system become more obvious.Correspondingly,the superiority of two-wheel vehicles will reappear.Though the important function of two-wheel vehicles for alleviating city traffic problems is obvious,however,their development strategy must be reasonably proposed,and operation regulations must be performed accordingly.

Study on the Development of Water Transport Network for Passengers in the Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel Lake of the Capital City of Bangladesh

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is one of the most overpopulated city in the world and traffic jam is the most severe and regular affliction in the daily life. Also, the existing vehicles are not sufficient in compared to the population of the city. People have to spend many hours simply sitting in the traffic jam. This lessens the productivity of people and brings sufferings to them. Gulshan-Banani-HatirJheel area is the busiest regions within the city and face severe traffic jam during working hours. These lakes are totally unused. Therefore, there is a possibility to build a waterways network for passengers transport through these lakes. This will reduce the affliction of people via reducing traffic jam. The proposed transportation networks will also preserve the natural environment of the lakes and bring a source of entertainment in the city life. Many developed cities in the world like London, New York, Paris, Venice, Shanghai etc. already have implemented waterways network inside the city and successfully made the best use of cistern side.

Research on effect of clogging process on permeability of loose dam foundation of plateau reservoir

Taking Zhuoyu reservoir in Shannan of Tibet as the test site,the authors collected soil samples for laboratory analysis,and devised infiltration-clogging equipment for laboratory test to research the effect of clogging process on permeability of loose dam foundation of plateau reservoir.Through laboratory test,the soil can cause clogging effect by itself,and the effect of clogging is relative to the water pressure.The clogging effect can be caused obviously by adding fine particles,and the clogging effect of the particles with 0.063-0.25 mm diameter is best,which verifies the rationality of the optimal diameter interval.It provides the realistic significance for the anti-seepage of the plateau reservoir dam foundation.