哈茨木霉与啶酰菌胺互作对番茄灰霉病的增效作用评价

旨在探讨杀菌剂与哈茨木霉菌互作防治植物病害增效作用的评价方法。采用对峙法,孢子悬浮液法和离体叶片法分别测定了哈茨木霉菌与啶酰菌胺互作对番茄灰霉病菌的抑制作用,用互作系数>1作为互作增效作用的评价标准,并用离体叶片法验证其评价结果。3种方法表明啶酰菌胺和木霉菌互作后对灰霉病的防效均高于两者单独处理的防效。用互作系数评价出啶酰菌胺与木霉菌互作有增效作用,与离体叶片法验证结果一致。互作系数作为木霉菌与杀菌剂互作增效作用的评价标准是科学合理的,在生产上可作为防治番茄灰霉病的应用依据。

阿维菌素及其混剂对海南中蜂的急性毒性测定及风险评估

利用摄入法和点滴法测定阿维菌素、阿维·哒螨灵、阿维·灭幼脲以及哒螨灵对海南中蜂工蜂的急性经口和接触毒性。评估了这些农药对海南中蜂的风险性,评价了阿维菌素和哒螨灵混配剂的增效效果。毒力评价结果表明,急性经口试验中,阿维·灭幼脲(LC50为4.027 mg/L)对海南中蜂的毒性为高毒,其他三种药剂均为剧毒。急性接触试验中,4种农药对海南中蜂的急性接触毒性均为高毒。风险评估结果表明,哒螨灵对海南中蜂的危害商值为14.58,对海南中蜂风险性低。增效评价结果表明,阿维·哒螨灵混配表现为增效作用。因此,应尽量避免在蜜源植物花期使用阿维菌素及其混配剂。

4M＇s Research Review of EVA and EVA systems

Economic Value Added, referred to as EVA, also known as economic value added, in the early 1990s, in order to adapt to dramatic changes in the business environment, the U.S. consulting f＇trm Stem Stewart proposed and implemented a concept of economic value added based financial management system, decision-making mechanism and incentive compensation system, new financial performance evaluation. Proposed EVA aims to overcome the deficiencies of traditional indicators accurately reflect the company＇s value creation for shareholders. In this paper, the basic theory of EVA to sort out, 4M＇s evaluation and EVA systems were reviewed research.