The modelling and experimental investigation of a thermally coupled humidification-dehumidification desalination process using a carbon-filled-polypropylene shell-tube column are presented. A heat/mass transfer model ...The modelling and experimental investigation of a thermally coupled humidification-dehumidification desalination process using a carbon-filled-polypropylene shell-tube column are presented. A heat/mass transfer model is established to study the correlation among productivity, thermal efficiency, physicochemical parameters （gas/liquid phase temperature, heat/mass transfer coefficient, Reynolds number etc.）, and operating conditions （the temperature of feed water, the flow rates of external steam, feed water, and carrier air）; at the same time, the effects of operating conditions on the productivity and thermal eficiency of the column are investigated both theoretically and experimentally, which indicate that the optimum flow rates of external steam, feed water, and carder gas are 0.18, 60, and 10kg.h^-l, respectively, and the higher the feed water temperature （≤95℃） is, the greater the productivity and the thermal efficiency will be. Furthermore, performance comparison with the previous study shows that the condensate productivity of this carbon-filled-plastic column is not lower than that of the copper column, which demonstrates the practicability and feasibility of applying such a plastic column to the humidification-dehumidification desalination process.展开更多
Objective： To observe the influence of pH value on the proliferation of LAK cells and on the killing effect of rlL-2, IFN-α2b, TNF-α, LAK cells and doxorubicin on malignant tumor cells, and investigate the possibil...Objective： To observe the influence of pH value on the proliferation of LAK cells and on the killing effect of rlL-2, IFN-α2b, TNF-α, LAK cells and doxorubicin on malignant tumor cells, and investigate the possibility of increasing the efficacy of rlL-2 or IFN-α2b and doxorubicin by infusing sodium bicarbonate （NaHCO3） through target arteries. Methods： Separating single nucleus cells from peripheral blood of healthy men, and observing the influence of pH on the activation of single nucleus cells by rlL-2. MTT assay was used to measure the killing effect of rlL-2, IFN-α2b and TNF-α on 7404 cells and the increased effect of doxorubicin on rlL-2 and IFN-α2b, the cytotoxity of LAK cells in different pH. Forty-two patients with advanced primary liver cancer were obtained by stratified random, NaHCO3, rIL-2/IFN-α2b and doxorubicin were infused through target arteries. The efficacy was estimated after two cycles. Results： The conditions of pH 7.3 and pH 7.6 in vitro helped the proliferation of LAK cells and the killing effect of rIL-2, IFN-α2b and LAK cells on 7404 cells. In the condition of pH 6.8 there was almost no killing effect for LAK cells. In the condition of pH 7.0, 7.2, 7.4 and 7.6, the killing rate of TNF-α to 7404 cells increased by degrees, and in pH 7.4 the killing effect was the optimum. After two cycles treatments in the 42 patients with advanced primary liver cancer, the response rate （CR＋PR） was 88% （37/42）. The median overall response and median overall survival were increased, and no complication associated with infusing sodium bicarbonate was observed. Conclusion： The killing effect of rIL-2, IFN-α2b, TNF-α and doxorubicin on malignant tumor cells was enhanced by increasing the pH value.展开更多
The corrosion inhibition of tungstate, benzotriazole (BTA) and their combination in solutions containing Cl- was studied by electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency of tungstate...The corrosion inhibition of tungstate, benzotriazole (BTA) and their combination in solutions containing Cl- was studied by electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency of tungstate was higher than that of BTA. The efficiency increased with increasing concentration of tungstate or BTA. In the studies of synergistic effect of tungstate and BTA, it had been found that in pH 9.0 solution, the largest R t could be obtained with the concentration ratio of tungstate / BTA being 1∶1. Lowering the pH value of solution would reduce the efficiency of inhibitors, especially in binary inhibitors. Increasing the concentration of Cl- accelerated the corrosion of carbon steel in the solutions with various inhibitors, but the influence of Cl- on corroding rate in binary inhibitors was not so strong as in single component. The results of surface analysis showed that W, C, N, O and Fe elements existed in the protecting film formed with binary inhibitors. The thickness of the film was about 1215 nm.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and China Energy Conservation Investment Corporation as a Key Project （No.20236030）.
文摘The modelling and experimental investigation of a thermally coupled humidification-dehumidification desalination process using a carbon-filled-polypropylene shell-tube column are presented. A heat/mass transfer model is established to study the correlation among productivity, thermal efficiency, physicochemical parameters （gas/liquid phase temperature, heat/mass transfer coefficient, Reynolds number etc.）, and operating conditions （the temperature of feed water, the flow rates of external steam, feed water, and carrier air）; at the same time, the effects of operating conditions on the productivity and thermal eficiency of the column are investigated both theoretically and experimentally, which indicate that the optimum flow rates of external steam, feed water, and carder gas are 0.18, 60, and 10kg.h^-l, respectively, and the higher the feed water temperature （≤95℃） is, the greater the productivity and the thermal efficiency will be. Furthermore, performance comparison with the previous study shows that the condensate productivity of this carbon-filled-plastic column is not lower than that of the copper column, which demonstrates the practicability and feasibility of applying such a plastic column to the humidification-dehumidification desalination process.
基金a grant from the Key Scientific Research Projects of Anhui Province (No. 0123027).
文摘Objective： To observe the influence of pH value on the proliferation of LAK cells and on the killing effect of rlL-2, IFN-α2b, TNF-α, LAK cells and doxorubicin on malignant tumor cells, and investigate the possibility of increasing the efficacy of rlL-2 or IFN-α2b and doxorubicin by infusing sodium bicarbonate （NaHCO3） through target arteries. Methods： Separating single nucleus cells from peripheral blood of healthy men, and observing the influence of pH on the activation of single nucleus cells by rlL-2. MTT assay was used to measure the killing effect of rlL-2, IFN-α2b and TNF-α on 7404 cells and the increased effect of doxorubicin on rlL-2 and IFN-α2b, the cytotoxity of LAK cells in different pH. Forty-two patients with advanced primary liver cancer were obtained by stratified random, NaHCO3, rIL-2/IFN-α2b and doxorubicin were infused through target arteries. The efficacy was estimated after two cycles. Results： The conditions of pH 7.3 and pH 7.6 in vitro helped the proliferation of LAK cells and the killing effect of rIL-2, IFN-α2b and LAK cells on 7404 cells. In the condition of pH 6.8 there was almost no killing effect for LAK cells. In the condition of pH 7.0, 7.2, 7.4 and 7.6, the killing rate of TNF-α to 7404 cells increased by degrees, and in pH 7.4 the killing effect was the optimum. After two cycles treatments in the 42 patients with advanced primary liver cancer, the response rate （CR＋PR） was 88% （37/42）. The median overall response and median overall survival were increased, and no complication associated with infusing sodium bicarbonate was observed. Conclusion： The killing effect of rIL-2, IFN-α2b, TNF-α and doxorubicin on malignant tumor cells was enhanced by increasing the pH value.
基金The authors acknowledge the support of National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China
文摘The corrosion inhibition of tungstate, benzotriazole (BTA) and their combination in solutions containing Cl- was studied by electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency of tungstate was higher than that of BTA. The efficiency increased with increasing concentration of tungstate or BTA. In the studies of synergistic effect of tungstate and BTA, it had been found that in pH 9.0 solution, the largest R t could be obtained with the concentration ratio of tungstate / BTA being 1∶1. Lowering the pH value of solution would reduce the efficiency of inhibitors, especially in binary inhibitors. Increasing the concentration of Cl- accelerated the corrosion of carbon steel in the solutions with various inhibitors, but the influence of Cl- on corroding rate in binary inhibitors was not so strong as in single component. The results of surface analysis showed that W, C, N, O and Fe elements existed in the protecting film formed with binary inhibitors. The thickness of the film was about 1215 nm.
