频控阵(frequency diverse array,FDA)雷达通过在每个阵元辐射信号上附加一个微小频差,实现依赖于距离和角度的波束方向图合成。由于在距离角度维的缠绕和时变特性导致其波束指向难以控制。针对该问题,本文重点研究了FDA雷达发射波束时...频控阵(frequency diverse array,FDA)雷达通过在每个阵元辐射信号上附加一个微小频差,实现依赖于距离和角度的波束方向图合成。由于在距离角度维的缠绕和时变特性导致其波束指向难以控制。针对该问题,本文重点研究了FDA雷达发射波束时变特性和点状波束合成。首先,分析了线性频率增量FDA发射波束的时变性和空间扫描特性。其次,构建了时间调制对数频率增量和多载频频率增量FDA雷达信号模型,其中,对数频率增量方式合成的点状波束旁瓣较高,而多载频方式合成的点状波束具有较大的动态范围。接着,详细研究了时间调制信号模型中频率增量项时间变量与传播项时间变量的关系。若两者相同,则通过抵消消除波束时变特性,然而,两者具有不同的物理意义。频率增量项时间变量仅与波形产生时刻相关,当电磁信号产生并在空间传播后,其频率将不再发生变化;传播项时间变量与电磁波的传播特性有关,是变化的量。因此,两者不能相互抵消。最后,对脉冲对数频率增量和脉冲多载频频率增量模式下的发射波束进行了仿真,验证了对时间调制FDA雷达波束分析的正确性,并得出两种模式下可以合成动态前向传播的点状发射波束,且多载频模式具有较低的波束旁瓣。展开更多
The steady and dynamic rheological behaviors of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) suspension in polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated on a TA AR2000ex rheometer. Under steady shear consistency index K and flo...The steady and dynamic rheological behaviors of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) suspension in polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated on a TA AR2000ex rheometer. Under steady shear consistency index K and flow exponent N of suspensions with different volume fractions were determined. The shear-thinning and the discontinuous shear-thickening behavior were observed at different constant frequencies from 10 to 100 rad/s. The relationship between the complex viscosity and the constant frequency were determined. As the volume fraction increases,flow exponent N shows a rapid increase,and it increases dramatically when the discontinuous shear-thickening takes place,while consistency index K decreases. Dynamic oscillatory shear experiments were conducted at constant strain amplitude and constant frequency,respectively. For the frequency sweep,the system shows viscous property in entire range of the frequency investigated,and the complex viscosity shows discontinuous jump at a critical frequency of 10 rad/s. For the strain sweep,on the other hand,at low strain the elastic modulus is strongly dependent on the strain,and the viscous modulus is independent of the strain. But at the critical strain point both of the moduli show an abrupt jump and the system transits from elastic to viscous at a strain of 0.1.展开更多
Effects of alginate gel at different concentrations on rheological properties of hair-tail (Trichiurus lepturus) surimi were investigated. Alginate gel (1% - 3%) exhibited enhanced effects, especially when alginate ge...Effects of alginate gel at different concentrations on rheological properties of hair-tail (Trichiurus lepturus) surimi were investigated. Alginate gel (1% - 3%) exhibited enhanced effects, especially when alginate gel concentration increased. The rheological properties of mixture samples were studied by the time sweep, frequency sweep and temperature sweep. The critical strain values of the mixture samples for the onset of non-linear viscoelasticity were about 5%. The storage modulus G' of the mixture samples increased with time for 4 h. The frequency sweep showed that G' was greater than G" for all the mixture gels with different alginate gel concentrations, and values of both n' and n" for all samples were low (<0.2), these constants corresponding to G' and G", and indicating the elasticity of mixture gels. The values of storage modulus G' decreased during heating process and increased with decreasing temperature.展开更多
文摘频控阵(frequency diverse array,FDA)雷达通过在每个阵元辐射信号上附加一个微小频差,实现依赖于距离和角度的波束方向图合成。由于在距离角度维的缠绕和时变特性导致其波束指向难以控制。针对该问题,本文重点研究了FDA雷达发射波束时变特性和点状波束合成。首先,分析了线性频率增量FDA发射波束的时变性和空间扫描特性。其次,构建了时间调制对数频率增量和多载频频率增量FDA雷达信号模型,其中,对数频率增量方式合成的点状波束旁瓣较高,而多载频方式合成的点状波束具有较大的动态范围。接着,详细研究了时间调制信号模型中频率增量项时间变量与传播项时间变量的关系。若两者相同,则通过抵消消除波束时变特性,然而,两者具有不同的物理意义。频率增量项时间变量仅与波形产生时刻相关,当电磁信号产生并在空间传播后,其频率将不再发生变化;传播项时间变量与电磁波的传播特性有关,是变化的量。因此,两者不能相互抵消。最后,对脉冲对数频率增量和脉冲多载频频率增量模式下的发射波束进行了仿真,验证了对时间调制FDA雷达波束分析的正确性,并得出两种模式下可以合成动态前向传播的点状发射波束,且多载频模式具有较低的波束旁瓣。
基金Projects (50774096, 50606017) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The steady and dynamic rheological behaviors of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) suspension in polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated on a TA AR2000ex rheometer. Under steady shear consistency index K and flow exponent N of suspensions with different volume fractions were determined. The shear-thinning and the discontinuous shear-thickening behavior were observed at different constant frequencies from 10 to 100 rad/s. The relationship between the complex viscosity and the constant frequency were determined. As the volume fraction increases,flow exponent N shows a rapid increase,and it increases dramatically when the discontinuous shear-thickening takes place,while consistency index K decreases. Dynamic oscillatory shear experiments were conducted at constant strain amplitude and constant frequency,respectively. For the frequency sweep,the system shows viscous property in entire range of the frequency investigated,and the complex viscosity shows discontinuous jump at a critical frequency of 10 rad/s. For the strain sweep,on the other hand,at low strain the elastic modulus is strongly dependent on the strain,and the viscous modulus is independent of the strain. But at the critical strain point both of the moduli show an abrupt jump and the system transits from elastic to viscous at a strain of 0.1.
基金supported by the cooperation project in industry, education and research of Guangdong province and Ministry of Education of China (2009B090300157)
文摘Effects of alginate gel at different concentrations on rheological properties of hair-tail (Trichiurus lepturus) surimi were investigated. Alginate gel (1% - 3%) exhibited enhanced effects, especially when alginate gel concentration increased. The rheological properties of mixture samples were studied by the time sweep, frequency sweep and temperature sweep. The critical strain values of the mixture samples for the onset of non-linear viscoelasticity were about 5%. The storage modulus G' of the mixture samples increased with time for 4 h. The frequency sweep showed that G' was greater than G" for all the mixture gels with different alginate gel concentrations, and values of both n' and n" for all samples were low (<0.2), these constants corresponding to G' and G", and indicating the elasticity of mixture gels. The values of storage modulus G' decreased during heating process and increased with decreasing temperature.
