S─mephenytoin and debrisoquin hydroxylation abilities were investigated in 118 normal Chinese Zhuang minority volunteers after co─administration po 100 mg racemic mephenytoin(MP)and 10 mg debrisoquin (DB). The rat...S─mephenytoin and debrisoquin hydroxylation abilities were investigated in 118 normal Chinese Zhuang minority volunteers after co─administration po 100 mg racemic mephenytoin(MP)and 10 mg debrisoquin (DB). The ratio between S─and R─enantiomers of mephenytoin in urinewas determined by implication of GC─NPD and used as the measure of the drug hydroxylation. 2 ofthe 118 subjects had S/R ratios greater than 1.0 and were poor hydroxylators of S─mephenytoin. The frequency of S─mephenytoin poor metabolizers (PM) was 10.2%. No PM of debrisoquin was found in the volunteers. It indicated that there was no relationship between S─mephenytoin P(4′)─ hydroxylation and debrisoquin 4─hydroxylation polymorphisms in Chinese Zhuang Minority population. In addition, 16 of the 118 volunteers(4 PMs and 12 EMs of S-mephenytoin) were se─lected to conduct the elimination kinetic studies of racemic mephenytoin and debrisoquin in urine. The pharmacokinetic parameters of S─, R─mephenytoin, DB and 4─OH─DB were calculated.展开更多
Aerobic static pile composting (mechanical turning every 3 days) of pig manure was prepared at & m3 windrow heaps. Sawdust was used as the bulking agent to provide additional carbon and to increase the porosity of...Aerobic static pile composting (mechanical turning every 3 days) of pig manure was prepared at & m3 windrow heaps. Sawdust was used as the bulking agent to provide additional carbon and to increase the porosity of the substrate. Two treatments at initial C/N ratios of 30 and 15, respectively, were designed in the study. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soluble NH+4-N, C/N ratios in solid and aqueous phases, E4/E6 ratios, and seed germination index (GI) were determined to evaluate the maturity of the co-composts. Seed germination index, a biological parameter, was suggested as one of the most reliable maturity indicators for organic compost. The results showed that the treatment at the initial C/N ratio of 30 reached maturity after 49 days of composting; however, the treatment at the initial C/N ratio of 15 should require composting time of longer than 63 days to obtain maturation. Chemical multi-indicator evaluation was necessary, and the GI measurement was the recommended approach for maturity evaluation in the study.展开更多
Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with m...Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice in Guangxi are mainly introduced through an analysis of vocal music and the study on the performance forms, singing language characteristics, and vocal music and resonance is mainly included, and also the important significance of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice is discussed. Also, it is compared with the modern Chinese folk singing styles.展开更多
In this paper,an efficient conjugate gradient method is given to solve the general unconstrained optimization problems,which can guarantee the sufficient descent property and the global convergence with the strong Wol...In this paper,an efficient conjugate gradient method is given to solve the general unconstrained optimization problems,which can guarantee the sufficient descent property and the global convergence with the strong Wolfe line search conditions.Numerical results show that the new method is efficient and stationary by comparing with PRP＋ method,so it can be widely used in scientific computation.展开更多
We report a novel and easily accessible method to chemically reduce graphene fluoride （GF） sheets with nanoscopic precision using high electrostatic fields generated between an atomic force microscope （AFM） tip an...We report a novel and easily accessible method to chemically reduce graphene fluoride （GF） sheets with nanoscopic precision using high electrostatic fields generated between an atomic force microscope （AFM） tip and the GF substrate. Reduction of fluorine by the electric field produces graphene nanoribbons （GNR） with a width of 105-1,800 nm with sheet resistivity drastically decreased from 〉1 TΩ.sq.^-1 （GF） down to 46 kΩ.sq.^-1 （GNR）. Fluorine reduction also changes the topography, friction, and work function of the GF. Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements indicate that the work function of GF is 180-280 meV greater than that of graphene. The reduction process was optimized by varying the AFM probe velocity between 1.2 μm.s^-1 and 12 μm.s^-1 and the bias voltage applied to the sample between -8 and -12 V. The electrostatic field required to remove fluorine from carbon is -1.6 V.nm-1. Reduction of the fluorine may be due to the softening of the C-F bond in this intense field or to the accumulation and hydrolysis of adventitious water into a meniscus.展开更多
文摘S─mephenytoin and debrisoquin hydroxylation abilities were investigated in 118 normal Chinese Zhuang minority volunteers after co─administration po 100 mg racemic mephenytoin(MP)and 10 mg debrisoquin (DB). The ratio between S─and R─enantiomers of mephenytoin in urinewas determined by implication of GC─NPD and used as the measure of the drug hydroxylation. 2 ofthe 118 subjects had S/R ratios greater than 1.0 and were poor hydroxylators of S─mephenytoin. The frequency of S─mephenytoin poor metabolizers (PM) was 10.2%. No PM of debrisoquin was found in the volunteers. It indicated that there was no relationship between S─mephenytoin P(4′)─ hydroxylation and debrisoquin 4─hydroxylation polymorphisms in Chinese Zhuang Minority population. In addition, 16 of the 118 volunteers(4 PMs and 12 EMs of S-mephenytoin) were se─lected to conduct the elimination kinetic studies of racemic mephenytoin and debrisoquin in urine. The pharmacokinetic parameters of S─, R─mephenytoin, DB and 4─OH─DB were calculated.
基金the Rockefeller Brother Fund Ltd. and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment integrated Control.
文摘Aerobic static pile composting (mechanical turning every 3 days) of pig manure was prepared at & m3 windrow heaps. Sawdust was used as the bulking agent to provide additional carbon and to increase the porosity of the substrate. Two treatments at initial C/N ratios of 30 and 15, respectively, were designed in the study. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), soluble NH+4-N, C/N ratios in solid and aqueous phases, E4/E6 ratios, and seed germination index (GI) were determined to evaluate the maturity of the co-composts. Seed germination index, a biological parameter, was suggested as one of the most reliable maturity indicators for organic compost. The results showed that the treatment at the initial C/N ratio of 30 reached maturity after 49 days of composting; however, the treatment at the initial C/N ratio of 15 should require composting time of longer than 63 days to obtain maturation. Chemical multi-indicator evaluation was necessary, and the GI measurement was the recommended approach for maturity evaluation in the study.
文摘Liao songs are the cultural and artistic products brewed by the people of Zhuang ethnic minority for thousand years. In this paper, the style and characteristics of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice in Guangxi are mainly introduced through an analysis of vocal music and the study on the performance forms, singing language characteristics, and vocal music and resonance is mainly included, and also the important significance of singing Zhuang ethnic minority＇s Liao songs with male＇s two-part voice is discussed. Also, it is compared with the modern Chinese folk singing styles.
基金Supported by the Fund of Chongqing Education Committee(KJ091104)
文摘In this paper,an efficient conjugate gradient method is given to solve the general unconstrained optimization problems,which can guarantee the sufficient descent property and the global convergence with the strong Wolfe line search conditions.Numerical results show that the new method is efficient and stationary by comparing with PRP＋ method,so it can be widely used in scientific computation.
文摘We report a novel and easily accessible method to chemically reduce graphene fluoride （GF） sheets with nanoscopic precision using high electrostatic fields generated between an atomic force microscope （AFM） tip and the GF substrate. Reduction of fluorine by the electric field produces graphene nanoribbons （GNR） with a width of 105-1,800 nm with sheet resistivity drastically decreased from 〉1 TΩ.sq.^-1 （GF） down to 46 kΩ.sq.^-1 （GNR）. Fluorine reduction also changes the topography, friction, and work function of the GF. Kelvin probe force microscopy measurements indicate that the work function of GF is 180-280 meV greater than that of graphene. The reduction process was optimized by varying the AFM probe velocity between 1.2 μm.s^-1 and 12 μm.s^-1 and the bias voltage applied to the sample between -8 and -12 V. The electrostatic field required to remove fluorine from carbon is -1.6 V.nm-1. Reduction of the fluorine may be due to the softening of the C-F bond in this intense field or to the accumulation and hydrolysis of adventitious water into a meniscus.
