Information on the concentration of suspended sediments in coastal waters is necessary for the understanding and management of the coastal environment. Traditionally, suspended sediment concentration （SSC） has been ...Information on the concentration of suspended sediments in coastal waters is necessary for the understanding and management of the coastal environment. Traditionally, suspended sediment concentration （SSC） has been measured by time-consuming and costly boat surveys which allow the accurate measurement of SSC for single points in space and time. In order to obtain the instantaneous measurement of SSC, a variety of remote sensing method has been adopted. Remote sensing from airborne and spaceborne sensors has been proven to be a useful adjunct to such surveys as it provides an instantaneous and synoptic view of sediments that would otherwise be unavailable. Dominique Durand and Jerome Bijaoui in 2000 presented a feasible study on optical remote sensing of shallow-water environmental parameters. Yogesh C. Agrawal and H. C. Pottsmith in 2001 tried to use Laser Diffraction Sensors to measure Concentration and Size Distribution of Suspended Sediment. Francisco Pedocchi and Marcelo H. Garcia in 2006 made an evaluation of the LISST-ST instrument for suspended particle size distribution and settling velocity measurements. H.K.Ha and W-Y.Hsu in 2009 tried to measure suspended cohesive sediment concentration using ADV backscatter strength. Shuisen Chen, Ligang Fang in 2009 managed to use remote sensing of turbidity in seawater intrusion reaches of Pearl River Estuary. In this article, the brief review of most of the technologies or methods used to observe the suspended sediment concentration is executed. As the most powerful technology in the remote sensing, acoustic backscatter device is discussed in detail. A comparison between those traditional and modern technologies is made to clarify its future application and development.展开更多
光声光谱技术用于探测痕量气体的浓度,小型化集成的光声光谱气体传感器利于实现便携式在线检测。光声探测作为光声光谱的关键技术决定了系统的灵敏度和体积,小型化的光声探测系统的核心是微型吸收单元和声光谐振器。总结了近年来光声光...光声光谱技术用于探测痕量气体的浓度,小型化集成的光声光谱气体传感器利于实现便携式在线检测。光声探测作为光声光谱的关键技术决定了系统的灵敏度和体积,小型化的光声探测系统的核心是微型吸收单元和声光谐振器。总结了近年来光声光谱气体传感器在小型化与集成方面的进展,分析并比较三种光源、微型吸收单元以及小型化声光谐振器的研制进展以及各自利弊。介绍了北京航天控制仪器研究所近年的研究成果,采用共振管增强的石英音叉作为紧凑型封装的声光测量器件,通过铥钬共掺的光纤放大器实现波长为2 mm,功率为200 m W的激光输出,提高了测量精度,实现对氨气和二氧化碳的同时测量。展开更多
In recent years, fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） have been widely used in ultrasonic detection for practical structural health monitoring in light of its unique advantages over the conventional sensors. Although FBGs ha...In recent years, fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） have been widely used in ultrasonic detection for practical structural health monitoring in light of its unique advantages over the conventional sensors. Although FBGs have been successfully tested in ultrasonic inspection, the effect of the grating length on the sensitivity of the FBG ultrasonic sensing system is yet to be analyzed. Hence, using the simulation model, the main influencing factor on the sensitivity of the ultrasonic sensing system with different lengths gratings was first investigated. In the following experiment, the ultrasonic responses of the sensing system with six different lengths FBGs were obtained, respectively. The theoretical analysis and the experimental results would be useful for sensitivity improvement of the FBG-based ultrasonic and acoustic emission sensing system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Marine Renewable Energy Program(No.GHME2011ZC03,GHME2010ZC08,GHME 2010ZC11 and GHME2010ZC01)Study of the Key Technology of the Forecast of Global Ocean Circulation and Sea Ice(2011BAC03B02)
文摘Information on the concentration of suspended sediments in coastal waters is necessary for the understanding and management of the coastal environment. Traditionally, suspended sediment concentration （SSC） has been measured by time-consuming and costly boat surveys which allow the accurate measurement of SSC for single points in space and time. In order to obtain the instantaneous measurement of SSC, a variety of remote sensing method has been adopted. Remote sensing from airborne and spaceborne sensors has been proven to be a useful adjunct to such surveys as it provides an instantaneous and synoptic view of sediments that would otherwise be unavailable. Dominique Durand and Jerome Bijaoui in 2000 presented a feasible study on optical remote sensing of shallow-water environmental parameters. Yogesh C. Agrawal and H. C. Pottsmith in 2001 tried to use Laser Diffraction Sensors to measure Concentration and Size Distribution of Suspended Sediment. Francisco Pedocchi and Marcelo H. Garcia in 2006 made an evaluation of the LISST-ST instrument for suspended particle size distribution and settling velocity measurements. H.K.Ha and W-Y.Hsu in 2009 tried to measure suspended cohesive sediment concentration using ADV backscatter strength. Shuisen Chen, Ligang Fang in 2009 managed to use remote sensing of turbidity in seawater intrusion reaches of Pearl River Estuary. In this article, the brief review of most of the technologies or methods used to observe the suspended sediment concentration is executed. As the most powerful technology in the remote sensing, acoustic backscatter device is discussed in detail. A comparison between those traditional and modern technologies is made to clarify its future application and development.
文摘光声光谱技术用于探测痕量气体的浓度,小型化集成的光声光谱气体传感器利于实现便携式在线检测。光声探测作为光声光谱的关键技术决定了系统的灵敏度和体积,小型化的光声探测系统的核心是微型吸收单元和声光谐振器。总结了近年来光声光谱气体传感器在小型化与集成方面的进展,分析并比较三种光源、微型吸收单元以及小型化声光谐振器的研制进展以及各自利弊。介绍了北京航天控制仪器研究所近年的研究成果,采用共振管增强的石英音叉作为紧凑型封装的声光测量器件,通过铥钬共掺的光纤放大器实现波长为2 mm,功率为200 m W的激光输出,提高了测量精度,实现对氨气和二氧化碳的同时测量。
文摘In recent years, fiber Bragg gratings （FBGs） have been widely used in ultrasonic detection for practical structural health monitoring in light of its unique advantages over the conventional sensors. Although FBGs have been successfully tested in ultrasonic inspection, the effect of the grating length on the sensitivity of the FBG ultrasonic sensing system is yet to be analyzed. Hence, using the simulation model, the main influencing factor on the sensitivity of the ultrasonic sensing system with different lengths gratings was first investigated. In the following experiment, the ultrasonic responses of the sensing system with six different lengths FBGs were obtained, respectively. The theoretical analysis and the experimental results would be useful for sensitivity improvement of the FBG-based ultrasonic and acoustic emission sensing system.
