近场声全息对振动体及其辐射场的成像

本文综述了我所在近场声全息(NAH)对振动物体的振模及其辐射场成像研究方面取得的进展与成果。在广义全息重建算法中,提出一种克服重建不适定性的空间频域滤波函数,改善了图像质量。利用自建的实验系统,成功获得典型振动体,特别是首次获得具有特殊形状的模拟编磬在不同频率下的振模及其相应的空间矢量声强分布。研究了它们之间有趣的对应关系。证明NAH是研究任意形状物体及其辐射场的有效手段。

有限浸没深度无限长圆柱壳辐射声场波动特性

研究水下圆柱壳声辐射问题时常常将流体声介质假设为无限域,而在实际工程中流体为存在自由液面的有限域。针对此假设的不足,基于Flügge薄壳振动方程和Helmholtz方程,利用镜像法和汉克尔函数的加法定理建立自由液面以下有限浸没深度处圆柱壳结构与声场的耦合振动方程,研究辐射声场中辐射声压随浸没深度的波动特性。研究表明,不同频率下远场辐射声压随浸没深度的变化曲线上,波峰之间的距离为流体声波波长的1/2。研究结论可为实际工程应用提供理论基础。

有限浸深圆柱壳振动及远场声辐射的解析方法

[目的]针对目前对于自由液面影响下圆柱壳—流场耦合系统振动及声辐射解析研究的匮乏,提出一种有限浸没深度下有限长圆柱壳振动及远场声辐射的解析求解方法。[方法]采用镜像原理和Graf加法定理得到流体速度势的解析表达式,然后再结合能量泛函变分方法推导出计及自由液面影响的壳—液耦合振动方程,从而可以求解系统受迫振动响应。[结果]研究表明,相比于无限域,自由液面的存在会增大同阶次共振频率,但随着浸没深度的逐渐增加,均方振速很快趋于无限域工况。与Nastran软件计算结果对比表明所提出的方法准确、可靠,且具有方法简便、计算量小的优点。利用求得的振动响应,通过傅里叶变换和稳相法可得到远场辐射声压,计算结果表明,自由液面会使得远场声压指向性和波动性出现类偶极子效应;但是不同于振动特性,远场声压并不会随浸没深度增大而很快趋于无限域工况。[结论]所提出的方法实现了外力激励下计及自由液面影响的水下圆柱壳远场声辐射快速预报,对于半空间结构声振问题的研究具有一定的指导意义。

均匀流中单向加筋平板远场声辐射特性研究

本文从最简单的光滑平板开始,建立其均匀流中振动和声辐射的理论模型,给出研究声振耦合系统的基本思路;然后以此为基础进一步开展结构稍复杂的单向加筋平板声振特性理论研究,建立研究均匀流中单向加筋平板声振特性的基本理论模型和计算方法,为更复杂的舰艇结构声振特性研究奠定基础。数值研究中先通过有效分析和收敛性分析验证所建立理论模型的有效性及级数解所需项数,在此基础上再分析流速、材料属性以及结构尺寸对均匀流中单向加筋平板远场声辐射特性的影响规律。

基于波数变换法的复合材料加筋板远场声辐射特性

为开展剪切变形加筋层合板远场声辐射特性研究,首先基于分层位移模型以及声学波动方程,建立声固耦合运动方程;通过傅离叶变换及泊松公式,得到波数域位移解;结合稳相法,给出单位简谐激振力作用下加筋层合板的远场辐射声压表达式;然后以各向同性结构为例,分别与基于经典层合板理论以及一阶剪切变形理论的计算结果相比,验证该理论模型有效性。最后讨论加强筋、激振位置、材料类型以及铺设角度等参数对加筋复合结构远场辐射声压及其指向性的影响。数值结果表明:激励力作用在强筋上能有效降低结构远场辐射声压,并显著改变声压指向性;角铺设方式有利于降低远场辐射声压级,可通过设计铺设角来进一步优化结构的振动噪声水平。

近水面双圆柱壳耦合声散射研究

文章针对小水线面双体船水下片体结构的声辐射特征,建立了近水面双柱壳的耦合声散射模型,通过对双片体结构与水面间耦合散射声场的数值计算,分析了双片体结构参数和水面镜面效应对散射声场的影响规律,提出了相应的噪声控制建议。

基于数值方法求解的周期加筋板声振特性研究

为了研究周期加筋板的声振特性,在文献所建立的周期加筋板声振理论耦合方程解析表达式的基础上,先给出一种便于编程的数值求解方法,然后研究加强筋间距对周期加筋板声振特性的影响规律。数值结果表明:周期加筋板的横向位移谱中存在3个特征区域;随之加强筋间距增加,周期加筋板的声振特性将趋于平板特性,远场辐射声压(SPL)曲线会向低频段偏移。

Model and optimization of ultrasonic phased array parameters

Beam focusing is one of the unique characteristics of ultrasonic phased array compared with conventional ultrasound.On the basis of two-dimensional radiated sound field of phased array,the three-dimensional radiated sound field was simulated in the paper,and then the effect of different frequencies,different number of array elements and different element spacings on focal spot,the depth of focus and the effect on horizontal and vertical resolution were analyzed.The optimal results of transducer parameters have certain reference value for the design of phased array probe.

Prediction of Hydrodynamic Noise of Open Cavity Flow

In this paper,the hydrodynamically generated noise by the flow over an open cavity is studied.First,aeroacoustic theories and computational aeroacoustic(CAA) methodologies are reviewed in light of hydrodynamic acoustics,based on which,a hybrid method is presented.In the coupling procedure,the unsteady cavity flow field is computed using large-eddy simulation(LES) ,while the radiated sound is calculated by the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H) acoustic analogy with acoustic source terms extracted from the time-dependent solutions of the unsteady flow.The hybrid LES-FW-H acoustic analogy method is tested with an open cavity flow at Mach number of 0.006 and Reynolds number of 105 .Following the reflection theorem of Powell,the contributions from different source terms are quantified,and the terms involving wall-pressure fluctuations are found to account for most of the radiated intensity.The radiation field is investigated in the frequency domain.For the longitudinal direction,the sound propagates with a dominant radiation downstream the cavity in the near-field and a flatter directivity in the far-field,while for the spanwise direction,the acoustic waves have a similar propagation along+z and-z directions,with no visible directivity.

Chirality-switchable acoustic vortex emission via non-Hermitian selective excitation at an exceptional point

Artificial structures provide an efficient method to generate acoustic vortices carrying orbital angular momentum(OAM) essential for applications ranging from object manipulation to acoustic communication. However, their flexibility in terms of chirality control has thus far been limited by the lack of reconfigurability and degrees of freedom like spin–orbit coupling. Here we show that this restriction can be lifted by controlling the individual on–off states of two coherent monopolar sources inside a passive parity-time-symmetric ring cavity at an exceptional point where the counter-propagating waves coalesce into one chiral eigenmode. One of the sources satisfies the chirality-reversal condition, generating a travelling wave field fully decoupled from and opposite to the chiral eigenmode, while the other source is phase-shifted such that the wave generated by the first source can be canceled out, and the remaining sound field circulates in the same direction as the chiral eigenmode. Such non-Hermitian selective excitation enables our experimental realization of acoustic vortex emission with switchable OAM but free of system reconfiguration. Our work offers opportunities for chiral sound manipulation as well as integrated and tunable acoustic OAM devices.

Ultrasound responsive organogels based on cholesterol-appended quinacridone derivatives with mechanochromic behaviors

A series of cholesterol-appended quinacridone (QA) derivatives 1a-1d have been synthesized,in which 1b and 1c could form stable organogels in a wide range of organic solvents upon ultrasound irradiation.Field emission scanning electronic microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of xerogels or precipitates indicated that 1b and 1c formed 1D fibrous nanostructure,while 1a assembled into 3D flower-like microstructures.The ultrasound-induced organogel process was characterized by kinetic UV-vis and photoluminescence spectroscopic methods suggesting the formation of ?-? aggregates in the gel state.Experimental results demonstrated that the ultrasound could promote molecules to contact frequently in the solution and induce semistable initial aggregates,which propagate to form nano/micro superstructures.The aggregation model was optimized by semiempirical AM1 calculation suggesting the hierarchical self-assembly process.In addition,the formed xerogel film exhibited mechanochromic property,and the phase transition process was accompanied by the fluorescence changes between yellowish green and orange.