Ni-Al包覆增强Fe基非晶涂层的结构与耐磨性

为了降低Fe基非晶涂层的孔隙率,并提高其耐摩擦性能,采用机械球磨法在铁基非晶颗粒表面包覆Ni-Al颗粒,得到具有壳-核结构的涂层复合喷涂粉末,并采用等离子喷涂法将其在45钢表面制备铁基非晶涂层;分析了包覆型复合粉末和Fe基复合涂层的相组成和微观结构,测试了复合涂层的孔隙率、非晶相比例和干摩擦性能,研究了Ni-Al粒子包覆前后涂层的微观结构与摩擦机理变化。结果表明:Ni-Al粒子成功包覆在Fe基非晶表面形成了结构致密的壳-核结构复合粉末,粉末粒径小于50μm,包覆层厚度1~3μm。涂层孔隙率下降5%左右,由于Ni-Al稀释作用,非晶含量由72.5%降低为64.8%,复合涂层的结构显示为Ni3Al相和Fe基非晶形成的层片状。相对于传统涂层结构,复合涂层更能够强化非晶涂层的层状堆积的优点。相比Fe基非晶涂层,复合涂层的摩擦系数由0.412 3降低到0.256 1,磨损量为原涂层的1/2左右。Ni-Al粒子通过改进Fe基非晶粒子的熔解形态和延展能力,有效提高了非晶涂层的致密度,涂层非晶含量降低不明显,耐磨性显著增强。

α-MnO_2 nanoneedle-based hollow microspheres coated with Pd nanoparticles as a novel catalyst for rechargeable lithium-air batteries

The hollow α-MnO2 nanoneedle-based microspheres coated with Pd nanoparticles were reported as a novel catalyst for rechargeable lithium-air batteries. The hollow microspheres are composed ofα-MnO2 nanoneedles. Pd nanoparticles are deposited on the hollow microspheres through an aqueous-solution reduction of PdCl2 with NaBH4 at room temperature. The results of TEM, XRD, and EDS show that the Pd nanoparticles are coated on the surface ofα-MnO2 nanoneedles uniformly and the mass fraction of Pd in the Pd-coated α-MnO2 catalyst is about 8.88%. Compared with the counterpart of the hollow α-MnO2 catalyst, the hollow Pd-coated α-MnO2 catalyst improves the energy conversion efficiency and the charge-discharge cycling performance of the air electrode. The initial specific discharge capacity of an air electrode composed of Super P carbon and the as-prepared Pd-coatedα-MnO2 catalyst is 1220 mA＆#183;h/g （based on the total electrode mass） at a current density of 0.1 mA/cm2, and the capacity retention rate is about 47.3% after 13 charge-discharge cycles. The results of charge-discharge cycling tests demonstrate that this novel Pd-coatedα-MnO2 catalyst with a hierarchical core-shell structure is a promising catalyst for the lithium-air battery.

Morphologies of Core-Shell-Cylinder-Forming ABC Star Triblock Copolymers in Nanopores

The self-assembly behavior of ABC star triblock copolymers can lead to a large number of nanostructures. Indeed, many new and interesting structures have already been discovered and proven to be hotspot in soft matter physics research. In this work, we introduce different phase diagrams of core-shell-cylinder-forming ABC star triblock copolymers under different conditions, including in-bulk and pore geometries with different sizes. The relation between the pore size geometries and their corresponding structures are also revealed. The different properties of the surface potential field that significantly affect the self-assembly process of ABC star triblock copolymers are investigated as well.

High-strength Ti-BN composites with core-shell structured matrix and network-woven structured TiB nanowires

A novel architectural Ti composite composed of network-woven structured TiB nanowires in a core-shell structured Ti matrix was fabricated to improve the strength of Ti matrix composites(TMCs),where the shell consists of rich N solute atoms while the core is deficient of N solute atoms through spark plasma sintering of powder mixtures of Ti powder and BN nano-powder.The phase composition,morphology,element distribution,and mechanical properties of prepared samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron probe microanalyzer(EPMA),and electronic universal material testing machine.The results indicate that the TMCs with designed architectures have been successfully achieved,and the as-prepared Ti-2BN(wt.%)composite exhibits an ultimate compressive strength of~1.8 GPa with a strain-to-fracture of~9%,while the Ti-1BN(wt.%)attains an ultimate compressive strength of~1.6 GPa and a strain-to-fracture of~20%.Moreover,the roles of the hybrid reinforcement structures in strengthening the Ti composites were discussed.