番茄病虫害“傻瓜”处方防治技术

番茄病虫害"傻瓜"处方防治技术,将植保技术程序化、处方化、简约化,本文从"傻瓜"处方的创新点、主要药剂、技术方案及应用效果等出发,介绍了番茄病虫害"傻瓜"处方防治技术及显著的社会、经济和生态效益。

Semi-Fragile Audio Watermarking Algorithm in DWT Domain

A novel semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm in DWT domain is proposed in this paper.This method transforms the original audio into 3-layer wavelet domain and divides approximation wavelet coefficients into many groups.Through computing mean quantization of per group,this algorithm embeds the watermark signal into the average value of the wavelet coefficients.Experimental results show that our semi-fragile audio watermarking algorithm is not only inaudible and robust against various common images processing,but also fragile to malicious modification.Especially,it can detect the tampered regions effectively.

Image Series Segmentation and Improved MC Algorithm

A semiautomatic segmentation method based on active contour is proposed for computed tomography (CT) image series. First, to get initial contour, one image slice was segmented exactly by C-V method based on Mumford-Shah model. Next, the computer will segment the nearby slice automatically using the snake model one by one. During segmenting of image slices, former slice boundary, as next slice initial contour, may cross over next slice real boundary and never return to right position. To avoid contour skipping over, the distance variance between two slices is evaluated by an threshold, which decides whether to initiate again. Moreover, a new improved marching cubes (MC) algorithm based on 2D images series segmentation boundary is given for 3D image reconstruction. Compared with the standard method, the proposed algorithm reduces detecting time and needs less storing memory. The effectiveness and capabilities of the algorithm were illustrated by experimental results.

Multiscale edge detection of noisy images using wavelets

The classical edge detectors work fine with the high quality pictures, but often are not good enough for noisy images because they cannot distinguish edges of different significance. The paper presented a novel approach to multiscale edge detection for noisy images using wavelet transforms based on Lipschitz regularity coefficients and a cascade algorithm. The relationship between wavelet transform and Lipschitz regularity was established. The proposed wavelet based edge detection algorithm combined the coefficients of wavelet transforms along with a cascade algorithm which significantly improves the result. The comparison between the proposed method and the classical edge detectors was carried out. The algorithm was applied to various images and its performance was discussed. The results of edge detection of contaminated images using the proposed algorithm show that it works better than the classical edge detectors.

Investigation on preparation of CuO-SnO_2-CeO_2/γ-Al_2O_3 catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation process and their catalytic activity for degradation of phenol

Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation process is an efficient measure for treatment of wastewater with great strength which is not biodegradable. Heterocatalysts now become the key investigation subject of catalytic wet air oxidation process due to their good stability and easy separation. In the paper, CuO-SnO2-CeOγ-Al2O3 catalysts are prepared by impregnation method, with SnO2 as a doping component, CuO as an active component, CeO2 as a structure stabilizer, γ-Al2O3 as a substrate. XPS test is carried out to investigate the effect of Sn on the chemical surrounding of Cu and O element on the catalyst surface and their catalytic activity. It is shown that the right doping of Sn can increase Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface, as a result the quantity of adsorption oxygen is also increased. It is found that Cu^＋ content on the catalyst surface is one of the primary factors that determin catalytic activity of catalyst through analyzing the catalytic wet air oxidation process of phenol.

A Closed Form Solution to Segment 3D Motion Using Straight-line Optical Flow

A closed form solution to the problem of segmenting multiple 3D motion models was proposed from straight-line optical flow. It introduced the multibody line optical flow constraint (MLOFC), a polynomial equation relating motion models and line parameters. The motion models can be obtained analytically as the derivative of the MLOFC at the corresponding line measurement, without knowing the motion model associated with that line. Experiments on real and synthetic sequences were also presented.

COMBINED TRANSMIT ANTENNA SELECTION AND DETECTION OVER SPATIAL CORRELATED MIMO SYSTEMS

In this paper a method that combines transmit antenna selection and reduced-constellation detection in spatially correlated Multi-Input Multi-Output （MIMO） fading channels is presented. To mitigate the performance degradation caused by the use of antenna selection that is based on correlation among columns, an iterative receiver scheme that uses only a subset of the constellation points close to the expected symbol vahle estimated in the previous iteration is proposed. The size of the subset can adapt to the maximum correlation of the sub-matrix after the simple antenna selection. Furthermore, the error rate performance of the scheme under linear Miniinutn Mean Square Error （MMSE） or Ordered Successive Interference Cancellation （OSIC） for the first run detection and different interleaver lengths is investigated while the transnlit antenna selection is considered. The simulation results show a significant advantage both for implementation complexity and for error rate performance under a fixed data rate.

FUZZY PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS AND ITS KERNEL-BASED MODEL

Principal Component Analysis(PCA)is one of the most important feature extraction methods,and Kernel Principal Component Analysis(KPCA)is a nonlinear extension of PCA based on kernel methods.In real world,each input data may not be fully assigned to one class and it may partially belong to other classes.Based on the theory of fuzzy sets,this paper presents Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis(FPCA)and its nonlinear extension model,i.e.,Kernel-based Fuzzy Principal Component Analysis(KFPCA).The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms have good performances.

TURBO AIDED CYCLIC PREFIX RECONSTRUCTION FOR CODED SINGLE-CARRIER SYSTEMS WITH FREQUENCY-DOMAIN EQUALIZATION (SC-FDE)

In this paper, a Turbo aided Cyclic Prefix (CP) reconstruction scheme, termed Turbo- CPR, is proposed for Single-Carrier systems with Frequency-Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) that employ insufficient CP in the transmitter. In Turbo-CPR, the decoder output is incorporated in the process of equalization, i.e. Turbo equalizer is employed. It is shown in the simulation results that Turbo-CPR not only recovers the performance loss due to insufficiency of CP, but also provides extra gains over the lower bound of performance for conventional CP reconstruction schemes.

Enhancing Phosphorous Recovery in a Novel Biofilter System

Developing new techniques to remove and recover phosphorous simultaneously from wastewaters is very important for sustainable utilization of phosphorous resource and prevention of eutrophication. The feasibility of phosphorus bioaccumulation in a novel continuous alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter and benefits of such accumulation for its further recovery as magnesium ammonia phosphate (MAP) were studied. The system was operated for seven months and employed the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method to analyze the distribution change of magnesium and calcium with phosphate in the biofilter during that period. The benefits of utilizing the biofilter system to accumulate phosphorous & magnesium and suppress calcium simultaneously to phosphorous recovery as MAP were explained with the aid of chemical equilibrium models. The improved phosphorus recovery from 42% to 82% was approved in the recovery experiments and the recovery products mainly as MAP were evidenced and characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) . The study provides references for designing and operating the novel alternating anaerobic /aerobic biofilter for phosphorus bioaccumulation and recovery.

Activated Carbon Adsorption Properties of the Residual Matters in Textile Dyeing and Printing Secondary Effluent

The research employed the adsorption isotherm measurement, the batch kinetic adsorption and the rapid small-scalecarbon column test （RSSCT） to find out the characteristics and main impacting factors of＇granular activated carbon （GAC） adsorption, in treating the textile dyeing-printing/polyester alkali de-weighting secondary effluent （TSE）. The adsorption affinities and capacities for the organics surrogated by CODCr, color and UV254 （UV absorbency-at λ= 254 nm） predicted by isotherm, small- seale-fixed bed were discussed. ＇Adsorption rates for CODCr, color and UV254 are much different and carbon particle size dependent. The color adsorption rate and capacity should be taken as the main consideration factors in designing bioactivated carbon filter（BACF）. The breakthrough of GAC adsorption column is mainly influenced by the low MW readily adsorbable organics in TSE. UV254, is a good adsorption breakthrough indicator. The study provides references for BACFs＇ design and operation control in textile secondary effluent （TSE） tertiary treatment.

THE THEORETICAL BER PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A COOPERATIVE DIVERSITY SCHEME IN FREQUENCY SELECTIVE FADING CHANNEL

A novel cooperative diversity scheme based on Distributed Space-Time Block Coding and Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access (DSTBC-MC-CDMA) is proposed which works well in frequency selective fading channels with multiple single-antenna users. And an analytical error model is established to describe the symbol decoding errors between interusers, based on which a close form expression for theoretical Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the scheme is derived to analyze the influence of the interuser decoding errors on the BER performance of the scheme. Then simulation is complimented to verify the analytic result above, which also shows that the BER performance of DSTBC-MC-CDMA outgoes that of non-cooperative MC-CDMA with considerable gains. Further- more, the simulations coincide with the theoretical results well.

A High-Quality Preconditioning Technique for Multi-Length-Scale Symmetric Positive Definite Linear Systems

We study preconditioning techniques used in conjunction with the conjugate gradient method for solving multi-length-scale symmetric positive definite linear systems originating from the quantum Monte Carlo simulation of electron interaction of correlated materials. Existing preconditioning techniques are not designed to be adaptive to varying numerical properties of the multi-length-scale systems. In this paper, we propose a hybrid incomplete Cholesky （HIC） preconditioner and demonstrate its adaptivity to the multi-length-scale systems. In addition, we propose an extension of the compressed sparse column with row access （CSCR） sparse matrix storage format to efficiently accommodate the data access pattem to compute the HIC preconditioner. We show that for moderately correlated materials, the HIC preconditioner achieves the optimal linear scaling of the simulation. The development of a linear-scaling preconditioner for strongly correlated materials remains an open topic.

Modeling and Generating Realistic Background Traffic by Hybrid Approach

One of the key challenges in largescale network simulation is the huge computation demand in fine-grained traffic simulation.Apart from using high-performance computing facilities and parallelism techniques,an alternative is to replace the background traffic by simplified abstract models such as fluid flows.This paper suggests a hybrid modeling approach for background traffic,which combines ON/OFF model with TCP activities.The ON/OFF model is to characterize the application activities,and the ordinary differential equations(ODEs) based on fluid flows is to describe the TCP congestion avoidance functionality.The apparent merits of this approach are(1) to accurately capture the traffic self-similarity at source level,(2) properly reflect the network dynamics,and(3) efficiently decrease the computational complexity.The experimental results show that the approach perfectly makes a proper trade-off between accuracy and complexity in background traffic simulation.

SPREAD SPECTRUM WATERMARK DETECTION IN DRT-DOMAIN

The traditional correlation-based detector is optimal only for Gaussian data, but the Laplacian Probability Density Function (PDF) is more appropriate to model the coefficients in the Discrete Ridgelet Transform (DRT) domain. An additive maximum-likelihood detector based on the Laplacian PDF is analyzed and the theoretical result of its performance is given. The experiments show that the error of the Laplacian model for the DRT coefficients of many images is smaller than that of the Gaussian model. The experiments also prove that the Laplacian detector is superior to the tradi- tional correlation-based detector.

Technical analysis on the emergency handling of Tangjiashan barrier lake

This paper gives a brief introduction to the emergency handling of Tangjiashan barrier lake.Some technologies for the application of geological and topographical data are summarized and the mechanism of formation of a barrier lake is analyzed.Based on the safety status evaluation,the dam breach flood point is calculated.The paper concludes with discussion of the practical effects of emergency handling scenarios and different drainage channel designs.

Experimental Study on Local Mass Transfer of Structured Packing with the Method of Flow Visualization

A chromochemical reactive mass transfer technique has been employed to study local mass transfer characteristics of structured packing. This technology adopted by experiment is an Ammonia Adsorption Method （AAM） that yields the surface distribution of transferred mass by analyzing the color distribution on a filter paper with the results of the color chemical reaction. A digital image processing technology is applied for data visualiza-tion. The three-dimensional plot of the local mass transfer coefficients shows that there exist three peak values on different positions of a unit cell of structured packing. In order to improve mass transfer efficiency of the structured packing, one piece of baffle is added between packing sheets. As a result, the average mass transfer coefficient increases by （10 20）% and the pressure drop decreases by （15-55）%.

IMPROVING VOICE ACTIVITY DETECTION VIA WEIGHTING LIKELIHOOD AND DIMENSION REDUCTION

The performance of the traditional Voice Activity Detection （VAD） algorithms declines sharply in lower Signal-to-Noise Ratio （SNR） environments. In this paper, a feature weighting likelihood method is proposed for noise-robust VAD. The contribution of dynamic features to likelihood score can be increased via the method, which improves consequently the noise robustness of VAD. Divergence based dimension reduction method is proposed for saving computation, which reduces these feature dimensions with smaller divergence value at the cost of degrading the performance a little. Experimental results on Aurora Ⅱ database show that the detection performance in noise environments can remarkably be improved by the proposed method when the model trained in clean data is used to detect speech endpoints. Using weighting likelihood on the dimension-reduced features obtains comparable, even better, performance compared to original full-dimensional feature.

Underwater Terrain-Aided Navigation Based on Multibeam Bathymetric Sonar Images

Underwater terrain-aided navigation is used to complement the traditional inertial navigation employed by autonomous underwater vehicles during lengthy missions. It can provide fixed estimations by matching real-time depth data with a digital terrain map, This study presents the concept of using image processing techniques in the underwater terrain matching process. A traditional gray-scale histogram of an image is enriched by incorporation with spatial information in pixels. Edge comer pixels are then defined and used to construct an edge comer histogram, which employs as a template to scan the digital terrain map and estimate the fixes of the vehicle by searching the correlation peak. Simulations are performed to investigate the robustness of the proposed method, particularly in relation to its sensitivity to background noise, the scale of real-time images, and the travel direction of the vehicle. At an image resolution of 1 m2/pixel, the accuracy of localization is more than 10 meters.

A Novel Automatic Method for Removal of Flicker in Video

Intensity flicker is a common form of degradation in archived film. Most algorithms on this distortion are complicated and uncontrolled. This paper presented a discrete mathematical model of flicker, designed a block-based estimation method of the model＇s parameters according to their features of intensity variation in large area. With this estimation result it constructed a compensation model to repair the current frame. This restoration approach is full automatic and the repair process of current frame does not need the information of frames behind it. The algorithm was realized to establish a simple and adjustable repair system. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can remove most intensity flicker and preserve tho wanted effects.