Cleaner and convenient preparation of 3-（4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy）-2-methyl-phenol

Environmental concerns have highlighted the need of cleaner technologies. A cleaner, convenient and selective technology has been developed for the preparation of 3-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy)-2-methyl-phenol (DPMP) from 2-methyl-benzene-1,3-diol in water as solvent. The isolated yield of DPMP is up to 86% in good selectivity. The product structure was characterized by conventional methods, H-NMR and MS. This technology belongs to the modern concept of 1 environmentally friendly low wastes or non-wastes technology (LWNWT).

Pharmaceutical Characteristics of Daunorubicin Stealth Liposomes

This report studied on pharmaceutical characteristics of the stealth liposome containing dau-norubicin (DNR). The shape, size, entrapment efficiency and stability of the daunorubicin stealth liposomes (DNRSL) were examined. Visible spectrophotometry and the HPLC method were established for determination of the DNR in the DNRSL. The release of DNR from DNRSL in HBS (pH 7.5) and rat serum at 37 oC were examined. The results showed that the DNRSL had high entrapment efficiency (>85%), small size and slow release.

study to determine guidelines for pediatric colonoscopy

To investigated characteristics, diagnosis, bowel-cleansing preparation, sedation, and colonoscope length and diameter in Japanese pediatric patients receiving total colonoscopy. METHODSThe present study evaluated consecutive patients aged ≤ 15 years who had undergone their first colonoscopy in Kurume University between January 2007 and February 2015. Data were retrospectively analyzed. We identified 110 pediatric patients who had undergone colonoscopy that had reached the cecum, allowing the observation of the total colon. RESULTSHematochezia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were the most common symptoms. For bowel-cleansing preparation, pediatric patients aged ≤ 12 years were treated with magnesium citrate, and patients aged 13-15 years were treated with polyethylene glycol 4000. For sedation, thiamylal with pentazocine, which has an analgesic effect, was used in patients aged ≤ 6 years, and midazolam with pentazocine was used in patients aged ≥ 7 years. Regarding the choice of endoscope, short and thin endoscopes were selected for younger patients, particularly patients aged ≤ 3 years. Positive diagnoses were made in 78 patients (70.9%). Inflammatory bowel disease (n = 49, 44.5%), including ulcerative colitis (n = 37, 33.6%) and Crohn’s disease (n = 12, 10.9%), was the most common diagnosis. CONCLUSIONColonoscopy offers a high diagnostic capability for pediatric patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. The selection of appropriate management the performance of colonoscopy is important in pediatric patients.

Preparation of BFV Gag Antiserum and Preliminary Study on Cellular Distribution of BFV

Viruses (e.g. Human immunodeficiency virus, Human simplex virus and Prototype foamy virus) are obligate intracellular parasites and therefore depend on the cellular machinery for cellular trafficking. Bovine foamy virus (BFV) is a member of the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily of Retroviruses, however, details of its cellular trafficking remain unknown. In this study, we cloned the BFV gag gene into prokaryotic expression vector pET28a and purified the denaturalized Gag protein. The protein was used to immunize BALB/c mouse to produce antiserum, which could specifically recognize the BFV Gag protein in BFV-infected cells through western blot assay. Additionally, these results demonstrated that both the optimal and suboptimal cleavage of Gag protein occur in BFV-infected cells. Subsequently, the Gag antiserum was used to investigate subcellular localization of BFV. In immunofluorescence microscopy assays, colocalization microtubules (MTs) and assembling viral particles were clearly observed, which implied that BFV may transport along cellular MTs in host cells. Furthermore, MTs-depolymerizing assay indicated MTs were required for the efficient replication of BFV. In conclusion, our study suggests that BFV has evolved the mechanism to hijack the cellular cytoskeleton for its replication.

Scientific and technological progress and innovation of Three Gorges Project

In the design,construction and operation periods of the Three Gorges Project (TGP),great challenges have been met in different fields such as water resources and hydropower project construction,electromechanical equipment manufacture and ecological environment protection.In view of the key techniques and difficulties in the construction period,scientific and technological breakthroughs have been made by the experts and scholars of various fields and a series of innovative achievements are gained,which make the scientific and technological levels in relevant fields improved.Some major innovative achievements in the construction and operation of TGP are enumerated,which are significant for the hydropower project construction and clean energy development in the future in China.

Study on Measuring Device for Bearing Clearance of Hemisphere Dynamic Pressure Motor

The clearance of the hemisphere dynamic pressure motor is small and difficult to measure, the measurement method of micro clearance is studied. The shortcomings of the original measurement method are analyzed, and a clearance measuring device for the hemisphere dynamic pressure motor is designed, which improves the measurement efficiency and stability.

Life Cycle Assessment on Real Time in a Coffee Machine

The environmental impact during the preparation of coffee beverages was evaluated on real time. The functional unit is a cup of coffee prepared from 7 g of ground coffee and 125 mL of tap water. The boundaries system considered are assembly process, electricity process, tap water process, coffee process and municipal waste process. Based on boundary system, the life cycle inventory is carbon dioxide, 50.31 g; coal, brown, 53.72 rag; coal hard, 0.9906 g; dinitrogen monoxide, 0.9575 mg; natural gas, 0.0020 m^3; methane, fossil, 13.82 mg; oil, crude, 1.012 g; uranium, 15.02 ug. The life cycle impact assessment is determined using the sum of the contributions of the impacts shown in the inventory analysis, each one multiplied by a coefficient called the ＂characterization factor＂, which indicates the scale of the potential contributed by the individual substance to the effect. The results show the advantages of using the LCA （life cycle assessment） on real time as it provides information from both quality and environmental parameters allowing taking actions based on timely information. The preparation of a cup of coffee produced an environmental load of 50.9 g of CO2 equivalents and Non Renewable energy equivalents to 151 kJ; the sugar process and materials transportation were not considered.

Application for Spare Parts Inventory Strategy with Aircraft Perfect Rate

Traditional ratio like expected backorder （EBO） ascertaining the inventory strategy of spare parts in practical applications, only eyes on the spare parts inventory system itself, and ignores, the effect of the system information on aircraft or other spaxe parts. In this paper, we introduce the ratio of Aircraft perfect rate, it is a synthesis index to reflect the whole aircraft status, and can deal with spare parts inventory system, concerning not only EBO of spare parts, but also the influence of it on aircraft and other spare parts possibly. We provide the process of calculation that demonstrate how to buy spare parts in case of the maintenance power of aircraft, and have got a clear inventory strategy of spare parts, its easy implementation is illustrated in a case study.