In order to evaluate the seismic reliability of water distribution system and make rehabilitation decisions correspondingly, it is necessary to assess pipelines damage states and conduct functional analysis based on p...In order to evaluate the seismic reliability of water distribution system and make rehabilitation decisions correspondingly, it is necessary to assess pipelines damage states and conduct functional analysis based on pipe leakage model. When an earthquake occurred, the water distribution system kept serving with leakage. By adding a virtual node at the centre of the pipeline with leakage, an efficient approach to pressure-driven analysis was developed for simulating a variety of low relative scenarios, and a hydraulic leakage model was also built to perform hydraulic analysis of the water supply network with seismic damage. Then the mean-first-order-second-moment method was used to analyse the seismic serviceability of the water distribution system. According to the assessment analysis, pipes that were destroyed or in heavy leakage were isolated and repaired emergently, which improved the water supply capability of the network and would constitute the basis for enhancing seismic reliability of the system. The proposed approach to seismic reliability and rehabilitation decision analysis on water distribution system is demonstrated effective through a case study.展开更多
Objective: To study the changes between cerebral oxygen (O 2) delivery and uptake in dogs resuscitated under normotension or hypertension for 4 h. Methods: The model of ventricular fibrillation of 8 min in 12 dogs was...Objective: To study the changes between cerebral oxygen (O 2) delivery and uptake in dogs resuscitated under normotension or hypertension for 4 h. Methods: The model of ventricular fibrillation of 8 min in 12 dogs was made, followed by open cardiopulmonary resuscitation, reperfusion with normal or high mean arterial pressure (MAP), and controlled ventilation to 4 h. Animals were randomly assigned into Group NT (normotensive reperfusion, n=6) and Group HT (hypertensive reperfusion, n=6). Cerebral arteriovenous (sagittal sinus) O 2 content difference (Ca-ssO 2) and venous (sagittal sinus) PO 2 (PssO 2) were determined before cardiac arrest (CA) and 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after CA. Results: In Group NT, Ca-ssO 2 was lower at 30 min (P<0.05) but higher at 240 min (P<0.01) after CA than that before CA. In Group HT, Ca-ssO 2 was not significantly different from that in Group NT before CA but was lower than that in Group NT at 30 min after CA (P<0.01). Ca-ssO 2 was not significantly different in Group NT and HT thereafter. In both groups, PssO 2 was both higher at 30 min after reperfusion (P<0.01) and at 240 min after reperfusion lower (P<0.05) than those before CA .At 30 min after reperfusion, PssO 2 was higher (P<0.01) in Group HT than that in Group NT, with insignificant difference between two groups. Conclusion: Cerebral O 2 delivery and uptake are mismatched after CA and resuscitation. Hypertensive reperfusion improves oxygen delivery to the brain early after CA.展开更多
The importance of quality in service provision is widely recognized in health service research. However, a limited number of studies have investigated antecedents of quality in healthcare service provision. This artic...The importance of quality in service provision is widely recognized in health service research. However, a limited number of studies have investigated antecedents of quality in healthcare service provision. This article tries to shed further light on this under-researched field. Specifically, the aim of this study is to verify the relationship between the quality-oriented climate and service quality as perceived by employees. The study was conducted in a private non-profit Rehabilitation Centre in Italy using a questionnaire administered to all healthcare workers. The questions focused on perceptions of quality-oriented climate （priorization of quality care, social cooperation, and exchange）, four different connotations of the quality in healthcare provision （provision of high quality service, adequacy of time spent with patients, freedom in clinical decisions, and continuing relationships with patients）, as well as on respondents＇ background. Of the 248 healthcare workers, 183 completed the questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to study the relationship between quality-oriented climate and outcome variables （quality in healthcare provision）. The results suggest that a quality-oriented climate does explain service quality in Healthcare settings： When an organization has implemented a quality-oriented climate, the service care provided by healtheare workers can determine an increase for three of the four investigated aspects of quality service provision （quality of care, freedom to make clinical decisions to meet patients＇ needs, and continuing relationships with patients）. The paper demonstrates that the offer of quality services involves in a different way the various healthcare professionals and/or management staff. This research provides interesting findings for healthcare manager in Health Service settings regarding the management of a quality-oriented process of service provision.展开更多
Building a good supply network has a competitive advantage in every part of business. However, people rarely know the principles from which supply chain with complex organizational structure and function arise and dev...Building a good supply network has a competitive advantage in every part of business. However, people rarely know the principles from which supply chain with complex organizational structure and function arise and develop. In this paper, we develop an evolving supply network model by using complex network theory. We mainly consider three kinds of firms＇ behaviors： entering of new firms, adding new relationships and rewiring of relationships among firms. By analyzing the statistical characteristics of the evolutionary dynamics of supply network, we find that the degree distribution follows a power-law distribution. Therefore, a supply network is a scale-free network where few but significant firms have lots of connections （called ＂hub＂ or core firm）, while most firms have few connections. These results are consistent with the results in empirical researches, which will be very useful for designing a robust and effective supply network.展开更多
The traditionary point considers the stratagem relationship of SCP （supply chain partnership） which can be strengthened mutual relationship with supplies by holding the same stratagem to enhances performance of supp...The traditionary point considers the stratagem relationship of SCP （supply chain partnership） which can be strengthened mutual relationship with supplies by holding the same stratagem to enhances performance of supply chain management. At present, many scholars have studied this relationship more and more, but much papers are not satisfyingly explain complex relationship with supplies. Because the more complex and the more dynamic the market changes, the more flexile the custom demand. So the tradition point faces new challenge, which relationship with supplies not only has the same stratagem based on long-profit but also has more flexile for adapting demand of market. In this paper, we use theory of biology and complex adaptive system （CAS）, points out the new relationship model called co-evolution relationship of SCP.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50478094)
文摘In order to evaluate the seismic reliability of water distribution system and make rehabilitation decisions correspondingly, it is necessary to assess pipelines damage states and conduct functional analysis based on pipe leakage model. When an earthquake occurred, the water distribution system kept serving with leakage. By adding a virtual node at the centre of the pipeline with leakage, an efficient approach to pressure-driven analysis was developed for simulating a variety of low relative scenarios, and a hydraulic leakage model was also built to perform hydraulic analysis of the water supply network with seismic damage. Then the mean-first-order-second-moment method was used to analyse the seismic serviceability of the water distribution system. According to the assessment analysis, pipes that were destroyed or in heavy leakage were isolated and repaired emergently, which improved the water supply capability of the network and would constitute the basis for enhancing seismic reliability of the system. The proposed approach to seismic reliability and rehabilitation decision analysis on water distribution system is demonstrated effective through a case study.
文摘Objective: To study the changes between cerebral oxygen (O 2) delivery and uptake in dogs resuscitated under normotension or hypertension for 4 h. Methods: The model of ventricular fibrillation of 8 min in 12 dogs was made, followed by open cardiopulmonary resuscitation, reperfusion with normal or high mean arterial pressure (MAP), and controlled ventilation to 4 h. Animals were randomly assigned into Group NT (normotensive reperfusion, n=6) and Group HT (hypertensive reperfusion, n=6). Cerebral arteriovenous (sagittal sinus) O 2 content difference (Ca-ssO 2) and venous (sagittal sinus) PO 2 (PssO 2) were determined before cardiac arrest (CA) and 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after CA. Results: In Group NT, Ca-ssO 2 was lower at 30 min (P<0.05) but higher at 240 min (P<0.01) after CA than that before CA. In Group HT, Ca-ssO 2 was not significantly different from that in Group NT before CA but was lower than that in Group NT at 30 min after CA (P<0.01). Ca-ssO 2 was not significantly different in Group NT and HT thereafter. In both groups, PssO 2 was both higher at 30 min after reperfusion (P<0.01) and at 240 min after reperfusion lower (P<0.05) than those before CA .At 30 min after reperfusion, PssO 2 was higher (P<0.01) in Group HT than that in Group NT, with insignificant difference between two groups. Conclusion: Cerebral O 2 delivery and uptake are mismatched after CA and resuscitation. Hypertensive reperfusion improves oxygen delivery to the brain early after CA.
文摘The importance of quality in service provision is widely recognized in health service research. However, a limited number of studies have investigated antecedents of quality in healthcare service provision. This article tries to shed further light on this under-researched field. Specifically, the aim of this study is to verify the relationship between the quality-oriented climate and service quality as perceived by employees. The study was conducted in a private non-profit Rehabilitation Centre in Italy using a questionnaire administered to all healthcare workers. The questions focused on perceptions of quality-oriented climate （priorization of quality care, social cooperation, and exchange）, four different connotations of the quality in healthcare provision （provision of high quality service, adequacy of time spent with patients, freedom in clinical decisions, and continuing relationships with patients）, as well as on respondents＇ background. Of the 248 healthcare workers, 183 completed the questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to study the relationship between quality-oriented climate and outcome variables （quality in healthcare provision）. The results suggest that a quality-oriented climate does explain service quality in Healthcare settings： When an organization has implemented a quality-oriented climate, the service care provided by healtheare workers can determine an increase for three of the four investigated aspects of quality service provision （quality of care, freedom to make clinical decisions to meet patients＇ needs, and continuing relationships with patients）. The paper demonstrates that the offer of quality services involves in a different way the various healthcare professionals and/or management staff. This research provides interesting findings for healthcare manager in Health Service settings regarding the management of a quality-oriented process of service provision.
基金This research is supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China （70571034, 70301014, 70401013） and the Fund for ＂Study on the Evolution of Complex Economic System＂ at ＂Innovation Center of Economic Transition and Development of Nanjing University＂ of State Education Ministry.
文摘Building a good supply network has a competitive advantage in every part of business. However, people rarely know the principles from which supply chain with complex organizational structure and function arise and develop. In this paper, we develop an evolving supply network model by using complex network theory. We mainly consider three kinds of firms＇ behaviors： entering of new firms, adding new relationships and rewiring of relationships among firms. By analyzing the statistical characteristics of the evolutionary dynamics of supply network, we find that the degree distribution follows a power-law distribution. Therefore, a supply network is a scale-free network where few but significant firms have lots of connections （called ＂hub＂ or core firm）, while most firms have few connections. These results are consistent with the results in empirical researches, which will be very useful for designing a robust and effective supply network.
文摘The traditionary point considers the stratagem relationship of SCP （supply chain partnership） which can be strengthened mutual relationship with supplies by holding the same stratagem to enhances performance of supply chain management. At present, many scholars have studied this relationship more and more, but much papers are not satisfyingly explain complex relationship with supplies. Because the more complex and the more dynamic the market changes, the more flexile the custom demand. So the tradition point faces new challenge, which relationship with supplies not only has the same stratagem based on long-profit but also has more flexile for adapting demand of market. In this paper, we use theory of biology and complex adaptive system （CAS）, points out the new relationship model called co-evolution relationship of SCP.
