目的研究复合微量营养素的抗疲劳效果及可能机制。方法取SPF级雄性昆明种小鼠125只,分别以下述不同的饲料喂养。全营养素饲料,即AIN-93M饲料,主要成分和比例为:玉米淀粉46.6%、酪蛋白14%、糊精15.5%、蔗糖10%、豆油4%、纤维素5%、矿物盐...目的研究复合微量营养素的抗疲劳效果及可能机制。方法取SPF级雄性昆明种小鼠125只,分别以下述不同的饲料喂养。全营养素饲料,即AIN-93M饲料,主要成分和比例为:玉米淀粉46.6%、酪蛋白14%、糊精15.5%、蔗糖10%、豆油4%、纤维素5%、矿物盐粉3.5%、维生素粉1%、胱氨酸0.18%、叔丁基氢醌8ppm。营养素缺乏饲料,在AIN-93M饲料的基础上将维生素粉和矿物盐粉减少为原来的70%、50%或30%(后称70%、50%、30%微量营养素饲料),其余以淀粉补足。复合微量营养素粉添加饲料,在营养素缺乏30%饲料的基础上,将减少的维生素粉和无机盐粉以复合微量营养素粉补足,其主要成分及含量(g/kg)为:Vit A 0.25、Vit B1 0.3、Vit B2 0.3、Vit B6 0.35、烟酸1.5、Vit D 0.05、Vit C 50、Vit E 10以及碳酸钙180、甘氨酸铁1、乳酸锌1、玉米淀粉755.25。分别于喂养14d和28d后取不同饲料(AIN-93M饲料及70%、50%、30%微量营养素饲料)喂养的小鼠,于尾部系5%体重的铅丝进行负重游泳,记录小鼠游泳力竭时间。于喂养至28d时,取不同饲料(AIN-93M饲料及70%微量营养素饲料、复合微量营养素粉添加饲料)喂养的小鼠,使其负重游泳60min,游泳后立即取外周血测定生化指标,取肝组织测定肝糖原含量。结果与AIN-93M饲料喂养小鼠相比,30%微量营养素饲料喂养小鼠的摄食量显著减少(P<0.05),50%和70%微量营养素饲料喂养小鼠的摄食量变化并不显著,但70%、50%、30%饲料喂养小鼠的负重游泳时间均显著缩短(P<0.05)。与AIN-93M饲料喂养小鼠相比,营养素缺乏饲料喂养的小鼠负重游泳时间显著缩短(P<0.05),复合微量营养素粉饲料喂养小鼠游泳时间与营养素缺乏饲料喂养小鼠比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但延长了13.2%。小鼠游泳后生化指标的变化趋势主要表现为血糖和肝糖原水平下降,乳酸、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)和尿素氮(NPN)水平升高。营养素缺乏饲料喂养小鼠的前述变化更为明显,而复合微量营养素粉饲料可有效缓解营养缺乏所致血糖和肝糖原水平下降,下调血乳酸、NEFA和NPN水平。结论微量营养素摄入不足对小鼠游泳耐力有明显影响,复合微量营养素具有一定的抗疲劳作用,其机制可能与运动过程机体能量代谢的调控有关。展开更多
Background: Neonatal mortality is the biggest contributor to global mortality of children younger than 5 years, and low birthweight is a crucial underlying factor. We tested the hypotheses that antenatal multiple micr...Background: Neonatal mortality is the biggest contributor to global mortality of children younger than 5 years, and low birthweight is a crucial underlying factor. We tested the hypotheses that antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation would increase infant birthweight and gestational duration. Methods: We did a doubleblind, randomised controlled trial in Dhanusha district, Nepal. Women attending for antenatal care with singleton pregnancies at up to 20 weeks’ gestation were invited to participate. Participants were randomly allocated either routine iron and folic acid supplements (control; n=600) or a multiple micronutrient supplement providing a recommended daily allowance of 15 vitamins and minerals (intervention; n=600). Supplementation began at a minimum of 12 weeks’ gestation and continued until delivery. Primary outcome measures were birthweight and gestational duration. Analysis was by intention to treat. The study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN88625934. Findings: Birthweight was available for 523/600 infants in the control group and 529/600 in the intervention group. Mean birthweight was 2733 g (SD 422) in the control group and 2810 g (453) in the intervention group, representing a mean difference of 77 g (95% CI 24-130; p=0.004) and a relative fall in the proportion of low birthweight by 25% . No difference was recorded in the duration of gestation (0.2 weeks -0.1 to 0.4 ; p=0.12), infant length (0.3 cm -0.1 to 0.6 ; p=0.16), or head circumference (0.2 cm -0.1 to 0.4 ; p=0.18). Interpretation: In a poor community in Nepal, consumption of a daily supplement containing a recommended daily allowance of 15 micronutrients in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy was associated with increased birthweight when compared with a standard iron and folic acid preparation. The effects on perinatal morbidity and mortality need further comparisons between studies.展开更多
文摘目的研究复合微量营养素的抗疲劳效果及可能机制。方法取SPF级雄性昆明种小鼠125只,分别以下述不同的饲料喂养。全营养素饲料,即AIN-93M饲料,主要成分和比例为:玉米淀粉46.6%、酪蛋白14%、糊精15.5%、蔗糖10%、豆油4%、纤维素5%、矿物盐粉3.5%、维生素粉1%、胱氨酸0.18%、叔丁基氢醌8ppm。营养素缺乏饲料,在AIN-93M饲料的基础上将维生素粉和矿物盐粉减少为原来的70%、50%或30%(后称70%、50%、30%微量营养素饲料),其余以淀粉补足。复合微量营养素粉添加饲料,在营养素缺乏30%饲料的基础上,将减少的维生素粉和无机盐粉以复合微量营养素粉补足,其主要成分及含量(g/kg)为:Vit A 0.25、Vit B1 0.3、Vit B2 0.3、Vit B6 0.35、烟酸1.5、Vit D 0.05、Vit C 50、Vit E 10以及碳酸钙180、甘氨酸铁1、乳酸锌1、玉米淀粉755.25。分别于喂养14d和28d后取不同饲料(AIN-93M饲料及70%、50%、30%微量营养素饲料)喂养的小鼠,于尾部系5%体重的铅丝进行负重游泳,记录小鼠游泳力竭时间。于喂养至28d时,取不同饲料(AIN-93M饲料及70%微量营养素饲料、复合微量营养素粉添加饲料)喂养的小鼠,使其负重游泳60min,游泳后立即取外周血测定生化指标,取肝组织测定肝糖原含量。结果与AIN-93M饲料喂养小鼠相比,30%微量营养素饲料喂养小鼠的摄食量显著减少(P<0.05),50%和70%微量营养素饲料喂养小鼠的摄食量变化并不显著,但70%、50%、30%饲料喂养小鼠的负重游泳时间均显著缩短(P<0.05)。与AIN-93M饲料喂养小鼠相比,营养素缺乏饲料喂养的小鼠负重游泳时间显著缩短(P<0.05),复合微量营养素粉饲料喂养小鼠游泳时间与营养素缺乏饲料喂养小鼠比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但延长了13.2%。小鼠游泳后生化指标的变化趋势主要表现为血糖和肝糖原水平下降,乳酸、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)和尿素氮(NPN)水平升高。营养素缺乏饲料喂养小鼠的前述变化更为明显,而复合微量营养素粉饲料可有效缓解营养缺乏所致血糖和肝糖原水平下降,下调血乳酸、NEFA和NPN水平。结论微量营养素摄入不足对小鼠游泳耐力有明显影响,复合微量营养素具有一定的抗疲劳作用,其机制可能与运动过程机体能量代谢的调控有关。
文摘Background: Neonatal mortality is the biggest contributor to global mortality of children younger than 5 years, and low birthweight is a crucial underlying factor. We tested the hypotheses that antenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation would increase infant birthweight and gestational duration. Methods: We did a doubleblind, randomised controlled trial in Dhanusha district, Nepal. Women attending for antenatal care with singleton pregnancies at up to 20 weeks’ gestation were invited to participate. Participants were randomly allocated either routine iron and folic acid supplements (control; n=600) or a multiple micronutrient supplement providing a recommended daily allowance of 15 vitamins and minerals (intervention; n=600). Supplementation began at a minimum of 12 weeks’ gestation and continued until delivery. Primary outcome measures were birthweight and gestational duration. Analysis was by intention to treat. The study is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN88625934. Findings: Birthweight was available for 523/600 infants in the control group and 529/600 in the intervention group. Mean birthweight was 2733 g (SD 422) in the control group and 2810 g (453) in the intervention group, representing a mean difference of 77 g (95% CI 24-130; p=0.004) and a relative fall in the proportion of low birthweight by 25% . No difference was recorded in the duration of gestation (0.2 weeks -0.1 to 0.4 ; p=0.12), infant length (0.3 cm -0.1 to 0.6 ; p=0.16), or head circumference (0.2 cm -0.1 to 0.4 ; p=0.18). Interpretation: In a poor community in Nepal, consumption of a daily supplement containing a recommended daily allowance of 15 micronutrients in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy was associated with increased birthweight when compared with a standard iron and folic acid preparation. The effects on perinatal morbidity and mortality need further comparisons between studies.
