SiC表面活化对Ni-Co-P/SiC复合沉积层性能的影响

用JSM 35CF型扫描电镜观察和分析了Ni Co P/SiC复合沉积层 ,对其中的复合相微粒SiC作表面活化预处理后参与化学沉积。结果表明 ,经表面活化后的SiC颗粒与Ni Co P基质相的结合变得较紧密 ,复合沉积层的孔隙率降低 。

脉冲电铸镍-氧化钕纳米复合沉积层的工艺研究

电化学沉积层的制备是电铸技术的关键环节。本文采用脉冲电铸技术制备N i-Nd2O3纳米复合沉积层,考察了镀液中Nd2O3纳米颗粒添加量、平均电流密度、占空比、脉冲频率对纳米复合沉积层中Nd2O3含量及纳米复合沉积层显微硬度的影响,并对纳米复合沉积层的表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明,在镀液中Nd2O3纳米颗粒添加量20 g/L^30 g/L、脉冲平均电流密度2 A/dm2~4 A/dm2、占空比0.2~0.4和脉冲频率1000 Hz的条件下,可获得Nd2O3含量大的高硬度复合沉积层,并且沉积层表面平整、光滑,晶粒细小,组织均匀致密。

Cr颗粒对Ni-Graphene复合沉积层组织结构及性能的优化

目的电沉积技术制备Ni-Cr-Graphene复合沉积层,调查不同Cr颗粒浓度对复合沉积层组织结构及性能的优化影响。方法利用电沉积技术在镍铝青铜(NAB)表面制备出Ni-Cr-Graphene复合沉积层。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)与拉曼光谱仪(Raman),对复合沉积层的形貌、成分与组织结构(晶粒大小、结晶形状及结晶织构)进行表征,并采用显微硬度计与电化学工作站分别对沉积层的硬度及耐腐蚀性能进行调查。结果Graphene颗粒使得纯Ni沉积层中的Ni晶粒尺寸由175.3 nm减小到Ni-0Cr-4Graphene沉积层中的Ni晶粒尺寸60.5nm。随着Cr颗粒质量浓度进一步从0g/L增加到100 g/L,Ni-Cr-Graphene复合沉积层中的Cr质量分数从0%增加到23.8%,且Ni晶粒尺寸进一步减小到Ni-100Cr-4Graphene沉积层的29.1nm,Ni[200]结晶织构被消除。Graphene与Cr颗粒显著提高了Ni-CrGraphene复合沉积层的表面硬度,所有复合沉积层的显微硬度均高于纯Ni沉积层(260.1HV0.2),且在100 g/L Cr颗粒浓度下,沉积层平均显微硬度为489.8HV0.2。同时Graphene与Cr颗粒改善了Ni-Cr-Graphene复合沉积层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,在100 g/L Cr颗粒浓度下,复合沉积层的自腐蚀电位(Ecorr)为-0.21 V,自腐蚀电流密度(Jcorr)为0.25μA/cm^2,其相对纯Ni沉积层Jcorr(7.01μA/cm^2)降低了1个数量级。结论溶液中Cr颗粒浓度的增加引起了Ni-Cr-Graphene复合沉积层中Cr含量的增加,使得更多Cr颗粒与Graphene颗粒共同作为Ni金属结晶形核点,促进了Ni的晶粒细化与织构转变,最终提高了复合沉积层的硬度与耐腐蚀性能。

回火工艺对Ni-CO-P/WC复合沉积层组织和性能的影响

在优化的Ni－Co－P三元合金化学沉积基础上，添加一定量的WC颗粒，获得Ni－Co－P／WC复合沉积层。研究了不同的回火工艺对复合沉积层组织结构、显微硬度、冲刷腐蚀性能及耐磨性能的影响。结果表明；WC颗粒的加入可有效强化沉积层，提高其耐磨性能。

M42高速钢表面HT-CVD TiC/TiN复合沉积层的磨损行为

为了进一步扩大M42高速钢的应用范围,以TiCl4-CH4-N2-H2为反应体系,采用高温化学气相沉积法(HT-CVD)在M42高速钢表面制备了TiC/TiN复合沉积层。采用现代分析技术研究了不同载荷条件下该复合涂层的耐磨性能,分析了其磨损行为与磨损机理。结果表明:随着载荷的增加,TiC/TiN复合沉积层的摩擦系数和平均磨损率呈"台阶"式增长,耐磨性能逐渐下降;当载荷由10 N增至15 N时,由于TiC/TiN复合沉积层表面氧化层的润滑-减摩作用,有效地减缓了磨损表面裂纹的扩展与部分沉积层的剥落,而使摩擦系数与平均磨损率增幅较小,耐磨性能稳定。

超音速激光沉积与激光熔覆WC/SS316L复合沉积层显微组织与性能的对比研究

采用超音速激光沉积(SLD)和激光熔覆(LC)在316L不锈钢基体上制备了WC/SS316L复合沉积层,对沉积层的宏观形貌、WC分布、显微组织、相成分及磨损性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,LC多道搭接的沉积层中有明显的宏观裂纹,而SLD沉积层表面平整致密,无宏观缺陷。在LC沉积层中,陶瓷相WC呈部分聚集的不均匀分布,而在SLD沉积层中,陶瓷相WC呈弥散状的均匀分布。LC沉积层组织成分分布不均匀,且产生了有害相,而SLD沉积层保持了沉积粉末原有的组织和性能,且表现出形变强化效果。SLD沉积层的摩擦系数比LC沉积层低28%,表现出较优的抗磨损性能。

YG10/CD750双电极交替沉积电火花沉积层的组织与性能

为减少电火花沉积层的内部缺陷,改善电火花沉积层的质量,分别选择CD750和YG10两种钨钢棒作为电极材料,在H13钢表面进行单电极及双电极材料交替沉积。结果表明,各沉积层与基体元素互相扩散。沉积层主要由超细硬质相W_2C、Fe_7W_6、Fe_7C_3、Fe_3W_3C和Co_3W_3C等组成,交替沉积层元素扩散比单电极沉积层元素扩散程度高,沉积层与基体形成冶金结合,无明显分层。各沉积层的显微硬度均比基体显著提高。随电压、功率和频率的增加,沉积层厚度先增加后减小,交替沉积层极限厚度比单电极沉积层高,其中YG10＋CD750电极交替沉积层厚度最厚。

纳米复合材料的微细电铸技术研究

为提高电铸微器件的力学性能,研究了镍-纳米氧化铈颗粒复合电铸工艺,分析了电铸参数(电流密度、纳米氧化铈颗粒浓度及转速)对沉积层中纳米氧化铈颗粒含量、沉积层微观结构及织构、沉积层微观硬度的影响.试验结果表明,电流密度对沉积层中纳米氧化铈颗粒含量具有重大影响.由于纳米氧化铈颗粒的加入,使得沉积产物的晶粒细化,择优取向由(220)逐步转变为(111),微观硬度显著增强.

金属基复合材料WC/SS316L超音速激光沉积行为及电化学失效机理

利用超音速激光沉积技术在316L基体上制备了WC/SS316L复合沉积层,并分析了该复合沉积层中颗粒的沉积行为、界面结合、组织结构特征以及其在电化学环境下的失效机理。研究结果表明,由于激光辐照的软化作用,SS316L颗粒在高速撞击过程中表现出较好的塑性变形能力,能够实现有效沉积;在激光辐照和高速粒子塑性变形的双重作用下,超音速激光沉积层较单一冷喷(CS)沉积层具有更好的界面结合行为。由于高速粒子塑性变形产生了加工硬化现象,沉积层中SS316L的显微硬度较原始粉末的明显增大。在电化学腐蚀环境下,WC/SS316L界面较易发生腐蚀行为。

CeO_2/Zn NANOCOMPOSITE COATING BY ELECTRODEPOSITION

The nanocomposite coating is obtained by electrochemical deposition of the zinc plating solution with ceria nanoparticles (mean diameter 30 nm). The effect of ceria nanoparticles on the electrodeposited zinc coating is stu died by weight loss test, inductively copuled plasma quantometer (ICP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. It is found that under the same electrodeposition conditions, the corrosion resistance of the nanocomposite coating increases obviously while that of the micron composite coating only improves slightly; The ceria content of the nanocomposite coating is more than that of the micron composite coating. Ceria nanoparticles modify the surface morphology and crystal structure of the zinc matrix in correlation with the increase of corrosion resistance.

Electrodeposition and corrosion resistance of Ni-P-TiN composite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and microhardness of AZ91D magnesium alloy, TiN nanoparticles were addedto fabricate Ni-P-TiN composite coating by electrodeposition. The surface, cross-section morphology and composition wereexamined using SEM, EDS and XRD, and the corrosion resistance was checked by electrochemical technology. The results indicatethat TiN nanoparticles were doped successfully in the Ni-P matrix after a series of complex pretreatments including activation, zincimmersion and pre-electroplating, which enhances the stability of magnesium alloy in electrolyte and the adhesion betweenmagnesium alloy and composite coating. The microhardness of the Ni-P coating increases dramatically by adding TiN nanoparticlesand subsequent heat treatment. The corrosion experimental results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Ni-P-TiN compositecoating is much higher than that of uncoated AZ91D magnesium alloy and similar with Ni-P coating in short immersion time.However, TiN nanoparticles play a significant role in long-term corrosion resistance of composite coatings.

Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Ni-TiN Composite Films

Ni-TiN nanocomposite films were produced from a Ni plating bath containing TiN nanoparticles by using dc electroplating method. The structure and surface morphology of Ni-TiN composite coatings were analyzed by atom force microscope, X-ray diffraction, and trans- mission electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the anti-corrosion properties, hardness and ther- mostability of Ni-TiN nanocomposite films were also investigated and compared with the traditional polycrystalline Ni coatings. The results show that, compared with the traditional polycrystalline Ni film, Ni-TiN nanocomposite coatings display much better corrosion resistance, higher film hardness, and thermal stability. In addition, the hardness of Ni-TiN nanocomposite coatings decreases slightly with the increase of electroplating current density, which may be due to the synergism of hydrogen evolution and faster nucleation/growth rate of nickel crystallites.

Effect of La_2O_3/Ce O_2 particle size on high-temperature oxidation resistance of electrodeposited Ni-La_2O_3/Ce O_2 composites

Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from a nickel sulfate bath containing certain content of micrometer and nanometer La2O3/CeO2 particles. The effect of La2O3 or CeO2 particle size on the oxidation resistance of the electrodeposited Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites in air at 1000 °C was studied. The results indicate that, compared with the electrodeposited Ni-film, Ni-La2O3/CeO2 composites exhibit a superior oxidation resistance due to the codeposited La2O3 or CeO2 particles blocking the outward diffusion of nickel. Moreover, compared with nanoparticles, La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles have stronger effect because La2O3 or CeO2 microparticles also act as a diffusion barrier layer at the onset of oxidation.

Effect of ball peening of substrate on microstructure, phase evolution and properties of electrophoretically deposited YSZ/(Ni,Al) composite coatings

YSZ/（Ni, Al） composite coatings were deposited on Inconel600 superalloy with ball peening （BP） and without （non BP）treatment using the electrophoretic deposition （EPD） technique, followed by vacuum sintering method. The structures and phaseevolution of the coatings were studied with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersivespectrometry （EDS）. The relation between microstructures and properties of the BPs-coated samples was discussed. The results showthat the adhesion strength and gain mass of the BPs-coated samples with isothermal oxidation at 1100℃ for 100 h are 3.3 N and0.00817 mg/cm^2, respectively, while those of the non-BPs-coated sample are 2.6 N and 0.00559 mg/cm^2, respectively. The EDSmapping analysis indicates that an obvious outward diffusion of Cr from the substrate to BPs coated samples occurs after isothermaloxidation. The BPs-coated sample shows the superior adhesion and oxidation resistance compared with non-BPs-coated samples.

Microstructure and deposition mechanism of electrodeposited Cu/liquid microcapsule composite

The nanostructured copper/microcapsule containing liquid core materials composite（copper/liquid microcapsules composite） was prepared using direct current（DC） electrodeposition method.The surface morphology and microstructure of composite were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）.The results show that the microstructure of electrodeposited layer transformed from bulk crystal to nano structure because of the participation of microcapsules.The diameters of microcapsules and the copper grain sizes in the composite were 2？20 μm and 10？20 nm,respectively.In addition,the electrodeposition mechanism of composite in the deposition process followed electrochemistry theory,which was proved by the theoretical analysis result and the experiment results.Meanwhile,the co-deposition process model was presented.

Wear and corrosion resistance and electroplating characteristics of electrodeposited Cr-SiC nano-composite coatings

Cr-SiC nanocomposite coatings with various contents of SiC nanoparticles were prepared by electrodeposition in optimized Cr plating bath containing different concentrations of SiC nanoparticles. Direct current electrocodeposition technique was used to deposit chromium layers with and without SiC nanoparticles on mild carbon steel. The effects of current density, stirring rate and concentration of nanoparticles in the plating bath were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study surface morphology. Energy dispersive analysis technique was used to verify the presence of SiC nanoparticles in the coated layers. The corrosion behaviors of coatings were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods in 0.05 mol/L HCl, 1 mol/L NaOH and 3.5% NaCl （mass fraction）, respectively. Microhardness measurements and pin-on- disc tribometer technique were used to investigate the wear behavior of the coatings.

Structure, indentation and corrosion characterizations of high-silicon Ni-Si nano-composite coatings prepared by modified electrodeposition process

Ni-Si nano-composite coatings with various silicon contents were prepared by a modified electrodeposition process using electrolytes containing ball-milled Si/Ni particles. The effects of the concentration of the ball-milled Si/Ni particles in the electrolyte on the silicon content, structure, microhardness and corrosion behaviors of the coatings were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffractometry were used for structural characterization. Also, the microhardness and corrosion behaviors of the deposited coatings were evaluated. According to the results, the Si level reaches about 10 wt.% in the coating, which is a significant content of Si incorporation for electrodeposition. It was also found that the crystallite size of the coatings was progressively decreased and the hardness was increased, by increasing the content of Si. Typically, the crystallite size and microhardness of the Ni-10 wt.%Si coating were 0.39 and 2.1 times those of the pure Ni coating, respectively. Also, the results showed that there is an optimal content of Si to meet the best acidic corrosion resistance of the coatings.

Crystallization characteristics of Ni-W-P composite coatings reinforced by CeO_2 and SiO_2 nano-particles

Ni-W-P composite coatings reinforced by Ce O2 and Si O2 nano-particles on the surface of common carbon steels, were prepared by double pulse electrodeposition. The crystallization course was characterized by phase structures, crystallinity, grain sizes and microstructures. The results indicate that as-deposited composite coating is amorphous. Whereas it turns into the crystalline structure with 98.25% crystallinity, and Ni3 P, Ni2 P and Ni5P2 alloy phases precipitate from structures at 400 °C. Thereafter, Ni2 P and Ni5P2 metastable alloy phases turn into Ni3 P stable alloy phase at 500 °C. The crystallization course of the composite coating has finished when being heat-treated at 700 °C. The average sizes of Ni grains increase with the rise of heat treatment temperature from400 °C to 700 °C. Ce O2 and Si O2 nano-particles deposited into Ni-W-P alloys can delay the crystallization course and habit the growth of alloy phases.

Effects of Al and Ni doping on oxidation and corrosion resistance of electrophoretic deposited YSZ coatings

Yttria-stablized zirconia(YSZ)/(Ni,Al)coatings were deposited on Inconel600alloy substrate by the electrophoreticdeposition combined with vacuum sintering technique.The effects of isothermal oxidation at1100°C on the composition of thecoatings and the crack healing were investigated,and the corrosion resistance of the coatings in3.5%NaCl(mass fraction)solutionwas also studied.The results showed that the cracks on the coating gradually healed up with the increase of the isothermal oxidationtime.During isothermal oxidation process,the coating composed of Ni3Al was transformed toα-Al2O3particulates.Theα-Al2O3particulates can seal the defects such as pores and cracks,and meanwhile prevent the oxygen diffusion into the coatings.Thepolarization curves and EIS results indicated that the coatings oxidized for40h had a more positive corrosion potential,higherbreakdown potential,higher impedance module at low frequency and much lower corrosion current density compared with YSZcoated and uncoated Inconel600alloys.

Effect of sodium lauryl sulphate on microstructure, corrosion resistance and microhardness of electrodeposition of Ni-Co3O4 composite coatings

Ni?Co3O4 composite coatings were electrodeposited on mild steel surface from a Watts-type bath in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS).The dispersed Co3O4 particles in the presence of SLS have a greater tendency to move towards cathode and get incorporated in the coating.SLS modifies chemical composition,surface morphology and microstructure of the Ni?Co3O4 composite coating.The developed composite coating exhibits higher corrosion resistance and microhardness than the pure nickel coating.The loadings of bath solution with different concentrations of Co3O4 particles in the presence of SLS provide hydrophobic nature to the coating surface,which is much effective in enhancing the corrosion resistance of Ni?Co3O4 composite coating.The agglomeration of Co3O4 particles(>3 g/L)under high bath load condition develops defects and dislocation on the coating surface,which results in lower corrosion resistance of the deposit.The mechanical properties of the hydrophobic coatings were assessed by the linear abrasion test.